冬绿肥提升滨海盐碱土团聚性及植物源与微生物源有机碳固存

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.20.013

中国农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (20): 4203-4215.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.20.013

冬绿肥提升滨海盐碱土团聚性及植物源与微生物源有机碳固存

靳晓莹¹(), 肖柄政¹, 张天津², 刘忠宽³, 冯伟³(), 杜章留¹^,⁴()

¹ 中国农业大学资源与环境学院，北京 100193
² 桓台县农业农村局，山东淄博 256400
³ 河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所，石家庄 050051
⁴ 国家盐碱地综合利用技术创新中心，山东东营 257347

收稿日期:2025-08-28 接受日期:2025-09-27 出版日期:2025-10-16 发布日期:2025-10-14
通信作者:
冯伟，E-mail：fwnpw@163.com。

杜章留，E-mail：dzl@cau.edu.cn。
联系方式: 靳晓莹，E-mail：1967778181@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1900901)

Winter Green Manure Enhances Soil Aggregation and Plant- and Microbial-Derived Carbon Sequestration in Coastal Saline-Alkali Soils

JIN XiaoYing¹(), XIAO BingZheng¹, ZHANG TianJin², LIU ZhongKuan³, FENG Wei³(), DU ZhangLiu¹^,⁴()

¹ College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193
² Huantai County Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau, Zibo 256400, Shandong
³ Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051
⁴ National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline- Alkali Land, Dongying 257347, Shandong

Received:2025-08-28 Accepted:2025-09-27 Published:2025-10-16 Online:2025-10-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】探究冬绿肥种植模式下土壤团聚性和有机质来源特征，为盐碱农田有机质积累和土壤质量提升提供科学依据。【方法】在河北黄骅进行4年绿肥试验，设置冬闲田（CK）、冬种二月兰（OV）、冬种黑麦（TG）和冬小麦（WW）4个处理，探究其对土壤水稳性团聚体分布、稳定性和有机质组分的影响，明确不同来源有机质的相对贡献及影响因素。利用木质素酚类、球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白（GRSP）和微生物死亡残体（MNC）3种生物标志物，定量解析植物源和微生物源有机质组分。【结果】与CK相比较，冬绿肥措施在不同程度上提高了土壤有机碳（SOC）储量（增幅为12.2%—21.8%，其中TG处理差异显著）和全氮储量（增幅为22.5%—36.4%）。另外，不同冬绿肥措施中>2—8 mm和0.25—2 mm团聚体组分的含量较CK分别提高了1.9—6.2倍和12.4%—74.6%。与CK相比较，OV、TG和WW处理的团聚体平均当量直径分别增加了26.7%、86.4%和113.8%，大团聚体占比（>0.25 mm）分别增加了16.3%、57.3%和86.4%。在植物源木质素方面，与CK相比，OV处理的香草基、肉桂基单体含量分别增加了37.7%和149.7%。OV、TG和WW处理的总木质素酚较CK分别增加了74.6%、32.9%和38.4%。同时，TG处理较CK的易提取态GRSP增加了36.5%，而总GRSP无显著差异。冬绿肥措施在不同程度上提高了细菌残体（BNC）、真菌残体（FNC）和总残体（MNC）的含量，其中TG处理的MNC含量较CK增加了60.6%，且TG处理提高了BNC、FNC和MNC对SOC贡献率（分别为19%、38%和57%）；不同绿肥措施微生物残体对土壤有机碳的贡献均高于植物源碳。【结论】冬绿肥模式有利于提高土壤团聚性，促进微生物源有机质的积累，对滨海盐碱地区碳固存和土壤质量提升具有重要作用。

关键词: 盐碱土, 绿肥, 微生物源残体, 植物源木质素, 团聚体, 土壤有机碳固存

Abstract:

【Objective】This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of soil aggregation and molecular origins of soil organic matter (SOM) under winter green manure cropping systems, in order to establish a scientific foundation for organic matter sequestration and soil quality improvement in saline-alkali soils. 【Method】 The field experiment, initiated in 2019 in Huanghua County of Hebei Province, involved four treatments: winter fallow (CK), Orychophragmus violaceus (OV), Triticale (TG), and winter wheat (WW). The relative contributions of SOM from different origins and related factors were elucidated. Three biomarkers - lignin phenols, glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP), and microbial necromass carbon (MNC) - were conducted to quantitatively distinguish plant- and microbial-derived organic matter components. 【Result】 Green manure generally increased soil organic carbon (SOC) storage by 12.2%-21.8% (only TG showing significant difference) and total nitrogen storage by 22.5%-36.4% compared with CK. Additionally, green manure treatments enhanced the proportion of larger macroaggregates (>2-8 mm) by 1.9-6.2 times and smaller macroaggregates (0.25-2 mm) by 12.4%-74.6%, relative to CK. The OV, TG, and WW treatments increased the mean weight diameter of aggregates by 26.7%, 86.4%, and 113.8%, respectively, compared with CK. The OV, TG, and WW also exhibited a 16.3%, 57.3%, and 86.4% higher proportion of water-stable macroaggregates (>0.25 mm) than that under CK, respectively. Moreover, the OV enhanced concentrations of vanillyl by 37.7% and cinnamyl by 149.7%, compared with CK. The OV, TG, and WW treatments increased total lignin phenols by 74.6%, 32.9%, and 38.4%, respectively, relative to CK. Besides, TG had 36.5% higher easily extractable GRSP than that under CK. TG treatment increased total MNC by 60.6% compared with CK. Again, TG had higher contributions of bacterial necromass C (19%), fungal necromass C (38%), and microbial necromass C to SOC (57%), and the contributions of microbial-derived carbon to SOC was higher than that of plant-derived across green manure treatments. 【Conclusion】 It was concluded that adoption of winter green manure increased soil aggregation and promoted the accumulation of microbial-derived carbon, potentially boosting soil quality and C sequestration in the coastal saline soils.

Key words: saline-alkali soils, green manure, microbial necromass, plant-derived lignin, aggregates, soil organic carbon sequestration

靳晓莹, 肖柄政, 张天津, 刘忠宽, 冯伟, 杜章留. 冬绿肥提升滨海盐碱土团聚性及植物源与微生物源有机碳固存[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(20): 4203-4215.

JIN XiaoYing, XIAO BingZheng, ZHANG TianJin, LIU ZhongKuan, FENG Wei, DU ZhangLiu. Winter Green Manure Enhances Soil Aggregation and Plant- and Microbial-Derived Carbon Sequestration in Coastal Saline-Alkali Soils[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(20): 4203-4215.

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处理 Treatments	容重 Bulk density (g·cm^-3)	含量 Concentrations (g·kg^-1)		碳氮比 SOC/TN	储量 Storage (Mg·hm^-2)
处理 Treatments	容重 Bulk density (g·cm^-3)	土壤有机碳SOC	全氮 TN	碳氮比 SOC/TN	SOC	TN
CK	1.16±0.03a	9.96±0.70b	0.85±0.07b	11.71±0.19a	20.43±1.43b	1.75±0.15b
OV	1.06±0.03a	11.18±0.51ab	1.04±0.06a	10.71±0.09b	22.92±1.06ab	2.14±0.12a
TG	1.05±0.04a	12.13±0.30a	1.16±0.02a	10.45±0.42b	24.88±0.61a	2.38±0.04a
WW	1.07±0.07a	11.42±0.57ab	1.09±0.04a	10.49±0.13b	23.41±1.17ab	2.23±0.09a

处理 Treatments	pH 水土比2.5:1	EC (dS·m^-1)	CEC (cmol·kg^-1)	SAR ((mmol·L^-1)^1/2)	CROSS ((mmol·L^-1)^1/2)
CK	8.40±0.03a	0.139±0.01b	6.55±0.24a	0.70±0.07a	0.75±0.07a
OV	8.21±0.06ab	0.141±0.01b	5.88±0.24a	0.71±0.03a	0.79±0.02a
TG	8.10±0.02ab	0.122±0.01b	6.09±0.15a	0.53±0.04b	0.60±0.03b
WW	7.80±0.06b	0.193±0.02a	6.11±0.07a	0.68±0.06a	0.74±0.06a

冬绿肥提升滨海盐碱土团聚性及植物源与微生物源有机碳固存

Winter Green Manure Enhances Soil Aggregation and Plant- and Microbial-Derived Carbon Sequestration in Coastal Saline-Alkali Soils

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