围产期日粮添加姜黄素对山羊生产性能、血液指标及炎症因子基因表达的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.12.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【背景】山羊繁殖力对肉羊产业有直接影响，而围产期是山羊繁殖过程中特殊的生理时期，此时母畜采食量减少，能量摄入降低，同时子代的营养需求急剧增加，母羊在此阶段容易进入能量负平衡状态，诱发一系列不良反应，如代谢疾病，炎症反应，造成免疫抑制甚至流产等问题。【目的】通过对围产期日粮添加姜黄素缓解母羊能量负平衡状态，从山羊生产性能、血液指标和炎症因子基因表达等方面入手，为改善围产期山羊健康提出可行路径。【方法】选择18只妊娠122 d（即产前28 d）的经产苏白母山羊，分为对照组（无添加，Con）和姜黄素组（Curcumin, 下文缩写Cur补充Cur 800 mg·kg^-1DMI）。采集母羊产前21 d（d_-21）、产后0（d₀）和21 d（d₂₁）的血液，测定生产性能、血液指标及炎症因子基因表达。【结果】 Cur处理不影响母羊采食量、羔羊出生体重体尺和日增重；两组母羊分娩前后采食量均表现为先下降后升高的趋势，在分娩当日采食量最低（P=0.097）。Cur处理有提高血清葡萄糖含量的趋势（P=0.075）。Cur处理显著降低d₀和d₂₁的血清游离脂肪酸（NEFA）含量（P<0.05），但不影响低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、总胆固醇（TC）及甘油三酯（TG）含量（P>0.05）。Cur处理有提高d₂₁总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）水平的趋势（P=0.073），显著降低了d₀丙二醛（MDA）含量，但不影响超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）水平（P>0.05）。Cur处理不影响免疫球蛋白A（IgA）、免疫球蛋白G（IgG）和免疫球蛋白M（IgM）含量（P>0.05）。Cur处理显著升高d₂₁核转录因子红系2（Nrf2）表达量（P<0.05），降低d₀肿瘤坏死因子（TNFα）表达量（P<0.05），但不影响白细胞介素-1（IL-1）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）及干扰素γ（IFNγ）基因表达量（P>0.05）。【结论】围产期日粮添加姜黄素能在一定程度上降低围产期母羊的血清游离脂肪酸水平，增强抗氧化性能，降低炎症反应。

关键词: 围产期山羊, 生产性能, 脂代谢, 免疫, 炎症, 抗氧化

Abstract:

【Background】 The reproductive capacity of goat has a direct impact on the mutton sheep industry, and the perinatal period is a special physiological period in the goat breeding process. During this stage, the feed intake and energy intake decreases, and the nutritional needs of the offspring increase sharply. Goats are prone to enter a state of negative energy balance, which can induce a series of adverse reactions, such as metabolic diseases, inflammatory reactions, immune suppression, and even miscarriage.【Objective】 This study aimed to investigate the alleviation role of curcumin in the perinatal diet on negative energy balance state of goats, by evaluating goat production performance, blood indicators and inflammatory factor gene expression, to improve the health of perinatal goats. 【Method】 Eighteen Subai goats with 122 days of gestation (i.e. 28 days before delivery) were divided into Con group (no supplement) and Cur group (supplemented with curcumin 800 mg·kg^-1 DMI). Blood sample was collected on 21 days (d-₂₁) before delivery and 0 (d₀) and 21 days (d₂₁) after delivery. Goat production performance, blood indicators and inflammatory factor gene expression were measured. 【Result】 Cur treatment did not affect goat feed intake, birth weight or daily gain of lambs. The goat feed intake of both groups before and after delivery tended to decrease and then increase, with the lowest feed intake on the day of delivery (P=0.097). Cur treatment tended to increase serum Glu concentration (P=0.075). Cur treatment significantly reduced serum NEFA content on d₀ and d₂₁ (P<0.05), but did not affect serum low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, or triglyceride content (P>0.05). Cur treatment tended to increase serum total T-AOC level on d₂₁ (P=0.073), and significantly reduced serum MDA content on d₀, but did not affect serum SOD or GSH-Px level (P>0.05). Cur treatment did not affect serum IgA, IgG or IgM content (P>0.05). Cur treatment significantly increased the expression of Nrf2 in whole blood on d₂₁ (P<0.05) and decreased the expression of TNFα on d₀ (P<0.05), but did not affect the gene expression of IL-1, IL-6 and IFNγ (P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 Adding curcumin to peripartum diets could reduce serum NEFA level, enhance antioxidant properties, and reduce inflammatory responses to a certain extent in goats.

Key words: periparturient goat, production performance, lipid metabolism, immunity, inflammatory, anti-oxidation

陈恒光, 裴晓蒙, 夏雨婷, 刘静, 茆达干. 围产期日粮添加姜黄素对山羊生产性能、血液指标及炎症因子基因表达的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2024, 57(12): 2483-2496.

CHEN HengGuang, PEI XiaoMeng, XIA YuTing, LIU Jing, MAO DaGan. Effects of Adding Curcumin to Perinatal Diets on Production Performance, Blood Indexes and Gene Expression of Inflammatory Factors in Goats[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(12): 2483-2496.

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原料组成 Diet ingredient (%)	产前日粮 Prepartum diet	产后日粮 Postpartum diet	营养水平 Nutrition level	产前日粮 Prepartum diet	产后日粮 Postpartum diet
玉米 Corn grain	27.78	30.50	消化能DE (MJ·kg^-1)	14.17	14.66
麸皮 Wheat bran	16.67	5.00	粗蛋白 CP (%)	14.89	17.69
豆粕 Soybean meal	5.56	10.0	酸性洗涤纤维 ADF (%)	24.22	21.93
预混料 Premix	2.78	2.50	中性洗涤纤维 NDF (%)	31.03	36.25
食盐 NaCl	0.56	0.25	粗脂肪 EE (%)	3.79	3.88
蒙脱石 Montmorillonite	0.11	0.50	粗灰分 Ash (%)	4.84	5.26
鱼肝油 Cod liver oil	0.28	0.13	钙 Ca (%)	0.50	0.65
磷酸氢钙 CaHPO₄	0.44	0.50	磷 P (%)	0.38	0.39
小苏打 NaHCO₃	1.11	0.50
维生素E VE	0.28	0.13
玉米青贮 Silage corn	35.56	40.00
花生秧 Peanut grass	8.89	10.00
合计 Total	100	100

基因 Gene	序列号 Genbank number	引物序列 Sequence of nucleotide (5’-3’)		产物长度 Product length (bp)
IL-1β	XM_013967700.2	F	AATGAGCCGAGAAGTGGTGTT	80
IL-1β	XM_013967700.2	R	TACCCAAGGCCACAGGAATCT	80
TNFα	NM_001286442.1	F	CTGGTTCAGACACTCAGGTCA	120
TNFα	NM_001286442.1	R	GAGGGCATTGGCATACGAG	120
HO-1	NM_001285567.1	F	AGCAAGGCACAAGACTCGG	142
HO-1	NM_001285567.1	R	ACATTGCGTAAAGGCCCACA	142
IFNγ	NM_001285682.1	F	GCAGATCCAGCGCAAAGCCAT	119
IFNγ	NM_001285682.1	R	TTGATGCTCTCCGGCCTCGAA	119
IL-6	NM_001285640.1	F	CAGCAAGGAGACACTGGCAGAA	95
IL-6	NM_001285640.1	R	AGCAAATCGCCTGATTGAACCC	95
Nrf2	NM_001314327.1	F	TGACAATGAGGTTTCTTCG	129
Nrf2	NM_001314327.1	R	GTGGCTACCTGAACGAACA	129
GAPDH	XM-005680968.3	F	CCGTTCGACAGATAGCCGTAA	296
GAPDH	XM-005680968.3	R	AGGATCTCGCTCCTGGAAGAT	296

	d_-21	d ₀	d ₂₁	P
	d_-21	d ₀	d ₂₁	组别 Group	时间 Time	组别×时间 Group ×Time
对照组Con	1.49±0.13	1.44±0.14	1.51±0.11	0.523	0.097	0.694
姜黄素组Cur	1.50±0.13	1.41±0.10	1.53±0.07	0.523	0.097	0.694

项目 Item	对照组 Con	姜黄素组 Cur	P
项目 Item	对照组 Con	姜黄素组 Cur	组别Group	协方差<BOLD>C</BOLD>ovariate
初生重 Birth weight (kg)	2.86±0.61	2.76±0.62	0.24	0.006
21日龄体重 Body weight at d21 (kg)	6.25±1.20	5.82±0.63	0.22	0.001
平均日增重 Average daily gain (kg)	0.16±0.03	0.15±0.03	0.23	0.160
体长 Body length (cm)	29.40±4.34	29.68±3.46	0.19	0.430
体高 Body height (cm)	34.0±4.47	33.09±3.29	0.20	0.810
胸围 Bust (cm)	40.0±2.83	38.55±3.61	0.15	0.160
胸深 Chest depth (cm)	15.60±1.52	14.77±1.93	0.20	0.240
胸宽 Chest width (cm)	10.40±1.14	10.05±1.17	0.85	0.190
管围 Calf circumference (cm)	6.90±0.82	7.27±0.67	0.51	0.070

项目 Item	时间 Time	对照组 Con (μmol·mL^-1)	姜黄素组 Cur (μmol·mL^-1)	P
项目 Item	时间 Time	对照组 Con (μmol·mL^-1)	姜黄素组 Cur (μmol·mL^-1)	组别Group	时间 Time	组别×时间Group ×Time
低密度脂蛋白 LDL	d-21	0.57±0.23	0.44±0.26	0.304	0.088	0.871
	d0	0.40±0.19	0.36±0.12
	d21	0.46±0.16	0.38±0.12
高密度脂蛋白 HDL	d-21	2.38±1.48b	1.95±0.72b	0.312	0.013	0.302
	d0	3.12±0.2a	3.72±0.5a
	d21	1.54±0.48b	2.05±0.81b
游离脂肪酸 NEFA	d-21	0.72±0.09	0.83±0.17a	0.041	0.083	0.082
	d0	0.79±0.07	0.66±0.04b^*
	d21	0.73±0.09	0.56±0.12b^*
总胆固醇 TC	d-21	2.24±0.29a	2.32±0.41a	0.220	0.048	0.511
	d0	1.84±0.51b	1.68±0.46b
	d21	2.49±0.51a	2.05±0.47a
甘油三酯 TG	d-21	0.90±0.27Aa	0.84±0.23Aa	0.149	0.001	0.200
	d 0	0.48±0.17Bb	0.45±0.08Bb
	d21	0.75±0.20a	0.46±0.05b
葡萄糖Glu	d-21	2.31±0.7	2.92±0.83b	0.075	0.048	0.305
	d0	3.05±1.39	4.8±2.17a
	d21	2.68±0.32	2.76±0.4b