不同砧木对鲜食葡萄生长和香气品质的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.20.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究葡萄玫瑰香味性状,为生产中筛选合适的砧木以及相关配套栽培技术提供依据。【方法】将早熟玫瑰香味葡萄品种‘瑞都香玉’和‘瑞都红玉’嫁接在5种砧木（110R、1103P、SO4、3309M、5BB）上,以自根苗为对照,形成10个砧穗组合。以成熟期果实为试材,采用顶空固相微萃取的方法,借助气相色谱-质谱联用仪检测果实中挥发性香气化合物和糖苷结合态化合物的种类和含量,依据NIST11谱库和化合物保留指数进行化合物定性,建立标准曲线进行化合物的定量和半定量。比较不同砧穗组合葡萄果实香气含量的差异,并进行主成分分析、回归分析和香气轮廓分析。【结果】就香气化合物种类而言,各种组合一共检测到56种游离态化合物和33种糖苷结合态化合物。其中,5BB对两个品种的游离态香气化合物种类没有影响,瑞都香玉/3309M中未检测到2-甲基-3-丁烯-2-醇、庚醛和3-甲基丁醛,瑞都红玉/3309M中未检测到1-己醇和β-大马士酮。此外,就香气化合物含量而言,1103P、110R和SO4可显著增加‘瑞都香玉’果实中游离态萜烯化合物总量,而5BB对‘瑞都香玉’各类游离态化合物的浓度表现出显著的抑制作用。5种砧木都可以提高‘瑞都红玉’果实中游离态萜烯化合物总量,但对两个品种果实中糖苷结合态化合物的影响都不显著。利用主成分分析可以明显将两个品种区分开。回归分析表明,1-己醇、香叶酸和里那醇是‘瑞都红玉’各种砧穗组合中共有的特征化合物。从香气轮廓上看,110R、1103P、SO4和3309M对‘瑞都香玉’果实中柑橘香和其他花香的贡献显著高于自根苗,而5BB则对‘瑞都红玉’果实中的花香贡献最大。【结论】为充分发挥香气品质,推荐使用110R、1103P和SO4作为‘瑞都香玉’的砧木,不建议使用5BB作为‘瑞都香玉’的砧木;110R、1103P、SO4、5BB和3309M都适合用作‘瑞都红玉’的砧木。

关键词: 葡萄, 砧木, 嫁接, 香气

Abstract:

【Objective】The aim of this study was to investigate the aromatic characteristics of Muscat grape varieties, so as to provide a reference in selecting the optimal scion/rootstock combination and updating the vine management program. 【Method】Table grape varieties Ruiduxiangyu and Ruiduhongyu were grafted on five rootstock varieties (110R, 103P, SO4, 3309M, and 5BB) to form ten scion-rootstock combinations, while self-rooted vines were used as control. Head space solid-phase extraction method and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was applied to extract the volatile and glycoside-bound compounds in the ripening berries, the compounds were identified by the library of National Institute of Standards and Technology version 2011 and retention index, and the standard curve was used to quantify/semi-quantify the compounds. And then, correlation analysis, principle component analysis and aromatic profile analysis were conducted to investigate differences among all the combinations. 【Result】A total of 56 volatile compounds and 33 glycoside-bound compounds were identified. The types of volatile compounds in these two varieties were not affected by 5BB. 2-Methyl-3-buten-2-ol, heptanal and 3-Methyl butanal were not detected in XY/3309M, whilst 1-hexanol and β-damascenone were not detected in HY/3309M. 1103P, 110R and SO4 could significantly increase the total content of volatile terpenoids in Ruiduxiangyu, while 5BB significantly reduced all kinds of volatile compounds. For Ruiduhongyu, these five rootstocks could increase the total content of free form terpenoid. The effects of five rootstocks on the glycoside-bound compounds in both varieties were insignificant. These two table grape varieties could be distinctly separated by principal components analysis, and 1-hexanol, geranic acid and linalool were the common biomarker compounds in all the rootstock of Ruiduhongyu. 110R, 1103P, SO4 and 3309M enhanced the citrus and floral flavor in Ruiduxiangyu, while 5BB stimulated the floral profiles in Ruiduhongyu. 【Conclusion】Therefore, the rootstock varieties of 110R, 1103P and SO4 were recommended to be used in the commercial production of Ruiduxiangyu, while 5BB was not suggested in practice. 5BB, 110R, 1103P, SO4, 5BB and 3309M were appropriate as the rootstock for Ruiduhongyu.

Key words: grape, rootstock, graft, aroma

孙磊,王晓玥,王慧玲,闫爱玲,张国军,任建成,徐海英. 不同砧木对鲜食葡萄生长和香气品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(20): 4405-4420.

SUN Lei,WANG XiaoYue,WANG HuiLing,YAN AiLing,ZHANG GuoJun,REN JianCheng,XU HaiYing. The Influence of Rootstocks on the Growth and Aromatic Quality of Two Table Grape Varieties[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(20): 4405-4420.

图/表 8

表1

表2

‘瑞都香玉’砧穗组合中游离态化合物的浓度"

化合物 Compounds	编号 Code	XY	XY/1103P	XY/110R	XY/3309M	XY/5BB	XY/SO4
1-己醇 1-Hexanol	F1	117.65±13.12cd	532.59±49.31b	1400.88±232.69a	88.18±12.74c	33.02±38.16d	455.11±117.64b
(E,E)-2,4-山梨醛 (E,E)-2,4-Hexadienal	F2	188.95±101.84d	623.32±80.60a	542.53±31.82ab	222.84±34.14c	69.33±29.56d	453.65±94.53bc
(E)-2-己烯醇 (E)-2-Hexenol	F3	296.22±45.88d	920.56±77.50b	1671.57±378.11a	199.93±15.39d	126.19±49.56d	618.36±92.72c
(E)-2-己烯醛 (E)-2-Hexenal	F4	32.54±4.83d	97.13±9.08a	79.29±5.71b	33.66±3.50d	29.62±5.88d	61.99±14.17c
己醛 Hexanal	F5	3166.58±269.92d	9923.92±485.43a	9163.16±1112.38ab	4050.08±209.20c	3115.53±843.93d	7334.79±1956.49bc
(E)-2-壬烯醛 (E)-2-Nonenal	F6	1.49±1.16b	2.86±0.26a	2.58±0.06a	2.42±0.06a	2.41±0.15a	2.29±0.09a
(Z)-3-己烯醇 (Z)-3-Hexenol	F7	61.14±27.21c	311.03±86.45b	330.57±46.05b	24.42±16.26c	10.71±2.80c	458.40±111.65a
3-己烯醛 3-Hexenal	F8	97.70±43.80d	410.63±52.58a	326.34±32.12ab	118.40±21.32d	56.76±20.63d	269.40±64.85bc
2-己烯醛 2-Hexenal	F9	8884.31±2871.72d	30413.95±2970.66a	25101.37±1314.27ab	10215.89±1131.87d	5966.56±1301.03d	20571.58±4397.99bc
(E)-3-己烯醇 (E)-3-Hexen-1-ol	F10	1.67±2.81c	5.10±7.81bc	20.68±16.97a	2.45±1.69bc	3.81±2.16bc	12.41±3.41ab
合计 Total		12848.25±3327.65c	43241.08±3721.62a	38638.96±2965.68a	14958.26±1404.19d	9413.94±2198.66c	30237.99±6581.08b
乙醇 Ethanol	F11	295.16±55.70e	985.12±91.68bc	1347.46±129.03a	605.48±102.05d	739.67±91.40d	1149.54±179.91ab
2-甲基-3-丁烯-2-醇 2-methyl-3-Buten-2-ol	F12	22.94±35.55b	0.00±0.00c	0.00±0.00c	0.00±0.00c	64.84±5.68a	0.00±0.00c
3-辛烯醇 3-Octenol	F13	2.03±0.43d	6.11±0.29b	9.98±0.49a	3.21±0.20c	1.18±0.28d	6.44±1.18b
2-乙基-1-己醇 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol	F14	2.13±0.43d	5.01±0.32b	5.97±0.29a	3.51±1.27c	3.28±0.49c	5.12±0.79b
1-正辛醇 1-Octanol	F15	1.24±0.32d	3.11±0.23b	3.64±0.17a	1.50±0.12d	0.85±0.17d	2.81±0.35b
3-辛醇 3-Octanol	F16	0.58±0.04d	0.51±0.28d	1.47±0.07a	0.65±0.02c	0.47±0.07d	1.24±0.21b
苯甲醇 Benzyl alcohol	F17	432.64±9.87b	512.84±13.91a	508.61±19.55a	453.99±10.40c	418.30±5.08b	495.04±12.95a
β-苯乙醇 β-Phenylethyl alcohol	F18	418.42±3.97e	450.94±4.89c	490.02±14.71a	425.37±3.25d	413.36±3.27e	469.67±10.31b
合计 Total		1175.14±74.08e	1963.64±103.07bc	2367.15±155.09a	1493.72±99.27d	1641.95±102.82d	2129.86±199.56ab
乙酸Acetic acid	F19	407.17±30.09c	634.54±143.14b	818.53±100.73a	474.30±42.13c	414.79±59.99c	780.81±87.38ab
己酸Hexanoic acid	F20	314.30±15.78cd	419.79±38.47b	518.68±91.03a	287.86±16.62cd	278.35±27.77d	352.12±54.87c
2-乙烯酸 2-Hexenoic acid	F21	103.84±2.94b	122.22±9.08ab	147.48±61.48a	96.70±3.92	93.12±4.83b	93.53±46.32b
合计 Total		825.30±25.87c	1176.56±182.00b	1484.69±161.74a	858.87±60.01c	786.27±90.39c	1226.47±132.74b
3-甲基丁醛 3-Methylbutanal	F22	6.87±8.27b	10.38±0.77b	10.67±2.06b	0.00±0.00c	26.38±4.17a	7.07±2.21b
戊醛 Pentanal	F23	2.52±1.63c	13.20±1.74b	19.88±2.38a	2.18±0.60c	2.81±1.26c	14.62±3.73b
庚醛 Heptanal	F24	1.27±1.97b	0.00±0.00c	0.00±0.00c	0.00±0.00c	3.28±0.71a	0.00±0.00c
(Z)-2-庚烯醛 (Z)-2-Heptenal	F25	3.28±0.91c	8.44±0.44b	14.10±2.89a	4.42±0.24c	2.09±0.23c	14.85±2.83a
(E)-2-辛烯醛 (E)-2-Octenal	F26	1.97±1.52b	3.65±0.08a	4.15±0.24a	3.13±0.06ab	2.37±1.16b	3.90±0.22a
苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde	F27	10.03±3.69c	34.30±1.96a	33.77±2.69a	10.14±0.96b	4.98±0.77c	34.33±8.07a
合计 Total		25.94±6.75c	69.96±3.17a	82.57±5.81a	19.86±1.73d	41.91±5.51b	74.77±14.56a
化合物 Compounds	编号 Code	XY	XY/1103P	XY/110R	XY/3309M	XY/5BB	XY/SO4
6甲基-5庚烯-2酮 6-Methyl-5-heptene- 2-one	F28	5.26±0.64c	8.88±2.25b	11.44±2.39a	5.99±0.09c	5.19±0.20c	8.59±0.78b
6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-醇 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-ol	F29	22.45±6.49d	141.12±15.36b	209.93±44.35a	58.00±6.84c	33.70±9.10d	168.72±32.96b
cis-香叶基丙酮 cis-Geranylacetone	F30	2.14±0.08de	2.67±0.22a	2.42±0.11bc	2.17±0.05c	2.05±0.03e	2.58±0.17ab
β-大马酮 β-Damascenone	F31	2.63±0.28c	26.21±5.78ab	22.24±2.23b	1.12±1.29c	2.18±0.22c	27.43±3.32a
合计 Total		32.48±6.49d	178.88±23.05b	246.03±44.83a	67.28±6.17c	43.13±9.54d	207.32±36.31ab
trans-氧化玫瑰 trans-Rose oxide	F32	13.44±1.66d	28.30±4.40ab	26.51±1.66b	18.41±1.65c	15.53±3.69d	30.91±4.43a
cis-氧化玫瑰 cis-Rose oxide	F33	37.20±7.45d	121.64±22.05ab	109.03±6.95b	52.89±5.34c	42.79±11.53d	140.87±26.05a
橙花醚 Nerol oxide	F34	20.47±6.82cd	122.88±31.75ab	102.65±4.54b	21.46±2.04c	10.81±1.31d	144.97±25.25a
里那醇 Linalool	F35	4213.53±1664.10c	11877.63±1474.71a	10740.21±400.38a	5206.93±647.59c	2513.28±707.62c	8208.78±1505.57b
脱氢里那醇 Hotrienol	F36	44.13±10.23c	287.24±150.59b	279.02±32.47b	23.89±4.84c	30.73±13.73c	423.46±93.48a
α-松油醇 α-Terpineol	F37	204.03±53.02c	1341.87±221.69a	1252.50±226.55a	240.85±37.23b	149.95±63.69c	1451.51±284.55a
吡喃型氧化里那醇 Linalool oxide pyranoside	F38	21.95±3.76bc	46.69±3.37a	54.40±7.58a	19.44±2.78c	16.39±2.97c	46.20±11.64a
香茅醇 Citronellol	F39	52.94±13.73c	170.19±10.44a	178.24±14.62a	89.49±6.24b	47.58±13.70c	183.13±24.72a
橙花醇 Nerol	F40	99.29±28.57d	367.26±27.44b	382.06±35.63b	157.88±25.75c	88.54±31.18d	452.72±64.91a
香叶醇 Geraniol	F41	116.92±36.98c	533.04±75.82a	436.00±17.09a	158.44±16.02c	102.89±38.45c	510.62±78.14a
cis-呋喃型氧化里那醇 cis-Furan linalool oxide	F42	14.58±1.66c	45.44±9.12a	46.16±4.00a	16.76±0.88b	19.14±3.95bc	43.95±5.77a
4-松油醇 4-Terpineol	F43	4.17±1.09bc	18.38±3.74a	16.95±1.35a	3.81±0.30c	3.25±0.96c	20.28±3.92a
β-月桂烯 β-Myrcene	F44	463.08±318.57d	1617.47±213.04a	1476.12±84.41ab	622.66±70.19c	64.64±3.50e	1166.46±218.50bc
β-水芹烯 β-Phellandrene	F45	36.78±21.36c	136.38±21.04a	119.68±5.91a	46.82±4.86b	13.45±6.90c	119.77±21.90a
D-柠檬烯 D-Limonene	F46	157.55±69.63c	820.29±151.03a	719.69±30.26a	165.33±22.06c	75.10±36.70c	683.66±131.45a
β-cis-罗勒烯 β-cis-Ocimene	F47	256.88±113.14d	990.02±171.41a	818.35±49.08ab	282.10±32.12c	127.39±45.01d	732.06±142.59b
β-trans-罗勒烯 β-trans-Ocimene	F48	183.46±66.25d	583.95±86.80a	499.09±25.70ab	202.21±18.91c	107.23±27.56d	433.98±77.03b
别罗勒烯 Allo-Ocimene	F49	42.14±10.85d	103.97±13.84a	97.82±4.83ab	45.11±3.12c	31.76±6.43d	81.66±12.47b
(E,Z)-别罗勒烯 (E,Z)-Allo-Ocimene	F50	54.90±19.12d	160.35±25.01a	144.01±8.13ab	61.34±5.46c	33.92±6.89d	123.80±22.58b
γ-松油烯 γ-Terpinene	F51	24.12±8.26c	99.37±17.28a	81.92±5.35a	24.27±2.88c	13.85±7.29c	81.49±11.77a
异松油烯 Terpinolen	F52	133.52±38.40cd	1019.26±249.26a	496.91±85.66b	88.28±21.61d	73.23±39.39d	841.36±152.28a
香叶醛 Geranial	F53	7.52±1.66c	20.88±0.74a	21.26±3.74a	10.02±0.78c	6.69±1.52c	18.45±2.40a
香叶酸 Geranic acid	F54	388.72±109.55d	1362.07±116.43a	1504.09±29.40a	363.59±90.33d	184.61±70.22d	1065.70±203.94b
橙花醛 Neral	F55	4.52±0.39c	7.17±0.25a	7.75±1.01a	5.19±0.15c	4.24±0.35c	7.04±0.69a
cis-异香叶醇 cis-Isogeraniol	F56	2.18±0.06c	2.32±0.09bc	2.60±0.30a	2.39±0.18b	2.22±0.05bc	2.29±0.09bc
合计Total		6598.01±2575.64d	21884.08±2739.45a	19613.00±731.47ab	7929.58±976.57c	3779.19±1125.05d	17015.10±2623.61b

表2

表3

‘瑞都红玉’组合中游离态化合物的浓度"

化合物 Compound	编号 Code	HY	HY/1103P	HY/110R	HY/3309M	HY/5BB	HY/SO4
1-己醇 1-Hexanol	F1	368.05±84.96a	324.30±35.94a	4.30±7.99b	0.00±0.00b	16.08±12.64b	26.96±41.77b
(E,E)-2,4-山梨醛 (E,E)-2,4-Hexadienal	F2	22.99±7.37	24.18±3.98	28.14±7.95	29.29±8.66	28.67±7.41	29.21±10.71
(E)-2-己烯醇 (E)-2-Hexenol	F3	441.63±52.88a	348.01±37.39b	48.55±19.10c	85.56±13.37c	75.62±16.17c	72.04±37.98c
(E)-2-己烯醛 (E)-2-Hexenal	F4	8.76±1.09	8.25±1.08	9.93±0.70	9.80±0.75	9.40±1.45	9.12±1.05
己醛 Hexanal	F5	949.37±98.11c	1261.79±154.04ab	1455.86±102.83a	1250.78±181.58b	1349.49±249.31ab	1351.89±164.19ab
(E)-2-壬烯醛 (E)-2-Nonenal	F6	2.58±0.28a	2.36±0.25a	1.25±0.15b	1.08±0.07b	1.15±0.08b	1.18±0.22b
(Z)-3-己烯醇 (Z)-3-Hexenol	F7	13.75±2.38a	13.30±3.59a	5.58±1.12c	8.07±1.11bc	8.75±1.69b	8.33±3.02bc
3-己烯醛 3-Hexenal	F8	0.90±1.97	1.58±2.04	3.57±2.68	3.80±4.27	4.06±5.19	3.79±3.58
2-己烯醛 2-Hexenal	F9	1593.28±153.32b	1614.96±226.54b	2009.14±172.51a	2086.53±248.32a	2045.66±298.90a	1902.99±278.22a
(E)-3-己烯醇 (E)-3-Hexen-1-ol	F10	9.04±1.49a	8.98±1.12a	1.68±0.91c	2.07±0.38bc	2.58±0.44bc	2.81±0.91b
合计 Total		3410.36±228.45	3607.71±436.35	3567.98±247.59	3476.97±412.73	3541.45±566.14	3408.34±397.39
乙醇 Ethanol	F11	165.57±23.29c	266.18±39.85b	288.08±38.69b	126.98±26.29c	336.93±32.32a	295.48±42.59b
2-甲基-3-丁烯-2-醇 2-methyl-3-Buten-2-ol	F12	15.98±7.45d	48.96±10.23c	48.58±7.20c	62.18±6.94b	82.25±7.35a	79.35±4.71a
3-辛烯醇 3-Octenol	F13	2.58±0.28a	2.36±0.25a	1.25±0.15b	1.08±0.07b	1.15±0.08b	1.18±0.22b
2-乙基-1-己醇 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol	F14	1.16±0.04	1.32±0.16	1.17±0.14	1.20±0.37	1.09±0.19	1.26±0.31
1-正辛醇 1-Octanol	F15	0.64±0.03a	0.64±0.08a	0.52±0.03b	0.48±0.02b	0.51±0.03b	0.51±0.04b
3-辛醇 3-Octanol	F16	0.36±0.18	0.48±0.02	0.32±0.16	0.30±0.15	0.39±0.01	0.38±0.03
苯甲醇 Benzyl alcohol	F17	414.01±1.72b	428.44±5.70a	409.75±1.55c	408.91±1.03c	408.76±0.66c	409.57±1.62c
β-苯乙醇 β-Phenylethyl alcohol	F18	412.05±1.16b	417.36±2.26a	408.09±0.37c	407.84±0.62c	408.62±0.51c	408.55±0.99c
合计 Total		1012.34±28.00c	1165.75±48.28b	1157.76±40.58b	1008.98±21.28c	1239.71±33.32a	1196.28±44.65ab
乙酸 Acetic acid	F19	196.95±10.66b	216.60±13.39a	189.78±11.86b	175.20±6.44c	186.70±5.46bc	196.67±10.59b
己酸 Hexanoic acid	F20	253.32±3.84b	286.40±13.19a	255.53±18.00b	249.15±3.27b	258.49±14.86b	246.98±9.53b
2-乙烯酸 2-Hexenoic acid	F21	87.45±2.25	85.89±0.87	86.03±1.64	85.52±1.12	87.43±4.91	85.30±2.09
合计 Total		537.73±14.78b	588.89±21.47a	531.35±27.86bc	509.87±9.56c	532.62±22.13bc	528.95±21.32bc
3-甲基丁醛 3-Methylbutanal	F22	3.66±0.75a	3.34±0.77a	0.39±0.55b	0.19±0.17b	0.50±0.23b	0.18±0.29b
戊醛 Pentanal	F23	0.91±0.21c	1.62±0.78b	1.62±0.54b	1.42±0.35bc	0.88±0.58c	2.34±0.66a
庚醛 Heptanal	F24	2.09±0.17	2.55±0.31	2.89±0.16	2.83±0.86	2.58±0.53	2.72±0.38
(Z)-2-庚烯醛 (Z)-2-Heptenal	F25	2.40±0.14a	1.76±0.05b	1.73±0.04b	1.75±0.12b	1.70±0.02b	2.02±0.70b
(E)-2-辛烯醛 (E)-2-Octenal	F26	2.77±0.01a	2.73±0.01b	2.72±0.01b	2.72±0.01b	2.75±0.04ab	2.75±0.05ab
苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde	F27	4.29±0.21a	4.39±0.15a	3.91±0.23b	3.85±0.17b	3.94±0.13b	3.97±0.15b
合计 Total		16.12±0.78a	16.38±1.32a	13.26±0.44bc	12.75±1.56c	12.33±0.86c	13.98±0.81b
化合物 Compound	编号 Code	HY	HY/1103P	HY/110R	HY/3309M	HY/5BB	HY/SO4
6甲基-5庚烯-2酮 6-Methyl-5-heptene-2-one	F28	4.48±0.04bc	4.62±0.07a	4.37±0.03d	4.47±0.05c	4.55±0.04ab	4.58±0.12a
6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-醇 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-ol	F29	61.72±5.21b	115.50±11.56a	4.35±4.88d	6.28±4.30cd	11.02±2.68cd	15.27±17.34c
cis-香叶基丙酮 cis-Geranylacetone	F30	2.02±0.02	2.02±0.02	2.05±0.05	2.04±0.02	2.03±0.02	2.03±0.02
β-大马酮 β-Damascenone	F31	2.05±0.01a	2.02±0.01a	2.00±0.01a	0.00±0.00c	0.67±1.03b	2.00±0.01a
合计 Total		70.27±5.23b	124.16±11.62a	12.77±4.91d	12.78±4.32d	18.26±1.83cd	23.88±17.29c
trans-氧化玫瑰 trans-Rose oxide	F32	8.76±0.31b	9.53±0.52a	8.29±0.25c	7.96±0.22c	9.54±0.32a	9.41±0.30a
cis-氧化玫瑰 cis-Rose oxide	F33	12.73±0.89b	15.64±1.70a	11.48±0.77b	10.06±1.18c	15.48±1.13a	14.98±1.07a
橙花醚 Nerol oxide	F34	7.01±0.51a	6.85±0.42a	6.20±0.16b	6.12±0.04b	6.12±0.09b	6.26±0.20b
里那醇 Linalool	F35	211.68±77.35d	649.96±94.44ab	502.77±73.98c	614.12±86.34b	745.76±84.72a	615.55±90.50b
脱氢里那醇 Hotrienol	F36	14.52±3.80c	33.32±5.54a	22.84±4.78b	23.91±2.94b	29.30±2.26a	32.47±4.50a
α-松油醇 α-Terpineol	F37	20.36±3.70c	37.74±5.60a	22.31±3.28c	19.81±3.87c	30.67±3.22b	31.80±6.87b
吡喃型氧化里那醇 Linalool oxide pyranoside	F38	6.07±0.21c	7.47±0.31a	6.66±0.32b	7.07±0.51ab	7.08±0.28a	7.35±0.42a
香茅醇 Citronellol	F39	18.24±1.27b	24.72±2.76a	14.99±1.16d	14.05±0.74d	17.03±1.58bc	15.41±1.49cd
橙花醇 Nerol	F40	48.43±4.06a	44.17±5.13b	17.11±2.14c	15.83±0.91c	16.41±1.51c	17.60±3.13c
香叶醇 Geraniol	F41	138.60±21.62a	50.40±7.66b	21.96±5.05c	17.98±2.49c	20.54±3.97c	20.02±4.29c
cis-呋喃型氧化里那醇 cis-Furan linalool oxide	F42	5.74±1.01e	9.02±1.15c	7.60±1.07d	7.80±1.09cd	12.70±0.89a	11.11±1.14b
4-松油醇 4-Terpineol	F43	1.93±0.11bc	2.05±0.13b	1.79±0.08cd	1.71±0.09d	2.26±0.09a	2.05±0.19b
β-月桂烯 β-Myrcene	F44	80.48±27.88	69.59±4.93	76.10±26.46	70.81±6.21	75.97±9.06	88.56±46.68
β-水芹烯 β-Phellandrene	F45	8.96±2.22	9.07±1.01	8.46±2.00	9.18±4.40	10.87±3.59	7.45±1.72
D-柠檬烯 D-Limonene	F46	14.62±4.39	21.97±4.54	18.19±3.78	18.10±7.76	18.15±6.31	22.15±9.80
β-cis-罗勒烯 β-cis-Ocimene	F47	62.55±5.18	74.16±9.57	64.81±7.57	71.76±7.03	72.21±3.78	70.65±11.49
β-trans-罗勒烯 β-trans-Ocimene	F48	68.57±3.19	74.55±5.75	69.79±4.80	74.38±4.87	75.13±2.58	73.88±7.39
别罗勒烯 Allo-Ocimene	F49	23.46±0.91	24.06±0.60	23.51±0.86	23.87±1.15	24.46±0.95	23.92±1.34
(E,Z)-别罗勒烯 (E,Z)-Allo-Ocimene	F50	25.04±1.03	26.51±1.03	25.23±0.93	25.95±1.63	26.62±1.27	26.27±1.96
γ-松油烯 γ-Terpinene	F51	5.90±0.90	7.82±1.13	7.08±1.07	7.50±2.01	7.41±1.89	8.18±2.36
异松油烯 Terpinolen	F52	19.57±2.19	19.73±5.07	19.61±4.90	18.49±3.49	20.13±1.96	24.40±4.24
香叶醛 Geranial	F53	10.70±1.99a	5.12±0.23b	4.30±0.44bc	4.04±0.12c	4.20±0.18bc	4.10±0.20c
香叶酸 Geranic acid	F54	144.05±15.23a	140.57±25.75a	55.76±6.26b	62.03±9.02b	48.20±3.08b	63.86±8.81b
橙花醛 Neral	F55	4.73±0.19a	3.82±0.05b	3.60±0.09c	3.55±0.02c	3.56±0.03c	3.57±0.04c
cis-异香叶醇 cis-Isogeraniol	F56	2.32±0.05b	2.70±0.14a	2.22±0.04c	2.24±0.03bc	2.26±0.05bc	2.24±0.07bc
合计 Total		965.01±101.51e	1370.52±165.93a	1022.68±95.09de	1138.32±129.58cd	1302.04±103.52ab	1203.24±167.56bc

表3

表4

‘瑞都香玉’组合中结合态化合物的浓度"

化合物 Compound	编号 Code	XY	XY/1103P	XY/110R	XY/3309M	XY/5BB	XY/SO4
(E)-2-己烯醇 (E)-2-Hexenol	B1	—	—	—	—	—	—
(Z)-3-己烯醇 (Z)-3-Hexenol	B2	—	—	—	—	—	—
合计 Total		—	—	—	—	—	—
3-辛烯醇 3-Octenol	B3	0.28±0.00c	0.27±0.00c	0.29±0.00c	0.36±0.00a	0.31±0.02b	0.28±0.01c
2-乙基-1-己醇 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol	B4	1.25±0.05bc	1.43±0.04a	1.30±0.03ab	1.11±0.10c	1.20±0.09bc	1.13±0.03c
1-正辛醇 1-Octanol	B5	0.00±0.00c	0.00±0.00c	0.39±0.00b	0.41±0.01a	0.42±0.01a	0.41±0.00ab
3-辛醇 3-Octanol	B6	0.40±0.00a	0.38±0.00bc	0.37±0.00c	0.41±0.01a	0.40±0.01a	0.39±0.01ab
6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-醇 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-ol	B7	—	—	—	—	—	—
苯甲醇 Benzyl alcohol	B8	424.52±1.62	422.78±6.62	420.06±0.02	430.89±17.86	423.79±12.02	423.52±3.45
β-苯乙醇 β-Phenylethyl alcohol	B9	412.97±0.63	411.16±2.06	411.10±0.08	412.45±4.76	412.27±4.25	412.43±1.54
合计 Total		839.42±2.31	836.02±8.72	833.13±0.09	845.21±22.73	837.97±16.38	837.75±4.98
trans-氧化玫瑰 trans-Rose oxide	B10	9.54±0.03c	9.25±0.08c	8.73±0.05d	9.87±0.13b	10.06±0.24b	10.61±0.10a
cis-氧化玫瑰 cis-Rose oxide	B11	15.19±0.09c	14.21±0.18d	12.68±0.09e	16.19±0.26b	16.51±0.69b	18.38±0.27a
橙花醚 Nerol oxide	B12	8.97±0.11cd	8.65±0.06de	8.14±0.04e	9.65±0.45ab	9.33±0.39bc	9.99±0.19a
里那醇 Linalool	B13	23.32±1.19	22.69±1.27	23.68±6.80	23.40±2.49	27.58±1.30	23.88±1.30
脱氢里那醇 Hotrienol	B14	2.81±0.01	2.79±0.00	2.79±0.02	2.81±0.01	2.82±0.00	2.79±0.00
α-松油醇 α-Terpineol	B15	7.85±0.18	7.59±0.20	7.25±0.04	7.89±0.56	8.49±0.41	8.21±0.33
吡喃型氧化里那醇 Linalool oxide pyranoside	B16	5.58±0.06	5.61±0.12	5.49±0.01	5.60±0.21	5.67±0.18	5.59±0.02
香茅醇 Citronellol	B17	16.05±0.16b	15.84±0.73b	15.42±0.01b	17.16±1.44ab	18.65±1.70a	19.34±0.76a
橙花醇 Nerol	B18	25.14±0.36	23.78±1.75	22.51±0.07	28.12±4.99	27.84±3.82	29.09±2.26
香叶醇 Geraniol	B19	9.13±0.18	8.76±0.94	8.13±0.04	10.64±2.50	13.36±3.16	11.31±1.34
cis-呋喃型氧化里那醇 cis-Furan linalool oxide	B20	2.15±0.02	2.13±0.02	2.12±0.00	2.16±0.07	2.18±0.05	2.17±0.02
β-月桂烯 β-Myrcene	B21	54.50±0.69	55.02±0.93	75.52±28.74	54.90±1.34	58.18±0.64	55.24±0.72
β-水芹烯 β-Phellandrene	B22	6.28±0.17	5.87±0.63	5.80±0.12	6.42±1.12	5.56±0.14	6.27±0.01
D-柠檬烯 D-Limonene	B23	8.50±0.27	7.68±1.05	7.59±0.27	10.57±0.35	9.26±2.66	9.41±1.04
β-cis-罗勒烯 β-cis-Ocimene	B24	40.90±0.39	39.56±1.97	38.96±0.50	41.47±4.00	40.84±4.28	41.96±1.82
β-trans-罗勒烯 β-trans-Ocimene	B25	53.86±0.16	53.06±1.08	52.89±0.29	54.31±2.27	54.02±2.57	54.64±0.91
别罗勒烯 Allo-Ocimene	B26	21.31±0.02	21.25±0.06	21.28±0.05	21.51±0.27	21.82±0.29	21.57±0.07
(E,Z)-别罗勒烯 (E,Z)-Allo-Ocimene	B27	21.36±0.04	21.32±0.07	21.31±0.04	21.55±0.26	21.86±0.27	21.62±0.10
γ-松油烯 γ-Terpinene	B28	5.32±0.05	5.02±0.38	4.99±0.10	5.45±0.75	5.39±0.97	5.59±0.36
异松油烯 Terpinolen	B29	8.46±0.18b	8.00±0.72b	7.69±0.24b	9.94±0.12a	10.10±1.02a	8.86±0.66ab
香叶醛 Geranial	B30	4.76±0.07bcd	4.69±0.14cd	4.41±0.08d	5.16±0.37ab	5.22±0.17a	5.05±0.12abc
香叶酸 Geranic acid	B31	53.73±4.18	52.07±5.01	49.43±0.32	52.66±0.26	54.80±1.47	46.29±0.06
橙花醛 Neral	B32	4.84±0.11c	4.78±0.07c	4.44±0.03d	5.35±0.26b	5.70±0.04a	5.37±0.14ab
cis-异香叶醇 cis-Isogeraniol	B33	2.12±0.00bc	2.07±0.00c	2.11±0.00bc	2.24±0.03a	2.28±0.07a	2.17±0.02b
合计 Total		411.65±6.28	401.71±15.61	413.35±24.02	425.00±21.58	437.51±15.57	425.42±11.18

表4

表5

‘瑞都红玉’组合中结合态化合物的浓度"

化合物 Compound	编号 Code	HY	HY/1103P	HY/110R	HY/3309M	HY/5BB	HY/SO4
(E)-2-己烯醇 (E)-2-Hexenol	B1	1.86±0.42a	0.51±0.72b	0.00±0.00b	0.00±0.00b	0.00±0.00b	0.42±0.60b
(Z)-3-己烯醇 (Z)-3-Hexenol	B2	2.08±0.11	2.43±0.12	1.59±0.22	1.96±0.41	1.89±0.09	1.92±0.20
合计 Total		3.93±0.53a	2.94±0.60ab	1.59±0.22c	1.96±0.41bc	1.89±0.09c	2.34±0.40bc
3-辛烯醇 3-Octenol	B3	0.41±0.00	0.42±0.01	0.39±0.18	0.34±0.03	0.36±0.02	0.37±0.02
2-乙基-1-己醇 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol	B4	1.28±0.07	1.28±0.00	1.22±0.03	1.21±0.15	1.16±0.05	1.26±0.03
1-正辛醇 1-Octanol	B5	0.45±0.00	0.45±0.00	0.40±0.01	0.41±0.03	0.42±0.01	0.42±0.01
3-辛醇 3-Octanol	B6	0.39±0.00a	0.38±0.00bc	0.36±0.00d	0.37±0.00c	0.39±0.01a	0.39±0.01ab
6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-醇 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-ol	B7	23.86±0.33	20.75±0.42	15.27±2.10	26.38±5.71	22.77±4.27	16.11±4.12
苯甲醇 Benzyl alcohol	B8	415.88±0.80bc	418.67±0.62abc	414.10±2.81c	421.67±4.40ab	424.34±2.96a	421.78±0.74ab
β-苯乙醇 β-Phenylethyl alcohol	B9	410.39±0.26	410.06±0.76	409.33±1.12	410.23±1.25	411.19±1.00	411.47±0.01
合计 Total		852.67±0.65	852.01±0.96	841.06±6.26	860.61±11.58	860.62±0.23	851.80±3.33
trans-氧化玫瑰 trans-Rose oxide	B10	7.43±0.03a	7.36±0.01a	7.08±0.01b	7.31±0.10a	7.43±0.11a	7.39±0.04a
cis-氧化玫瑰 cis-Rose oxide	B11	8.72±0.09ab	8.52±0.01b	7.68±0.02c	8.34±0.33b	9.16±0.30a	8.62±0.11b
橙花醚 Nerol oxide	B12	0.81±0.06ab	0.69±0.01bc	0.32±0.00d	0.55±0.08c	0.97±0.15a	0.88±0.06a
里那醇 Linalool	B13	18.71±0.36c	19.74±0.03bc	16.01±1.04c	24.90±3.73ab	30.15±3.68a	25.01±1.39ab
脱氢里那醇 Hotrienol	B14	0.16±0.02cd	0.21±0.01bc	0.12±0.01d	0.25±0.03b	0.38±0.07a	0.29±0.03b
α-松油醇 α-Terpineol	B15	7.07±0.02b	7.05±0.06b	6.63±0.06c	7.03±0.18b	7.47±0.14a	7.19±0.04b
吡喃型氧化里那醇 Linalool oxide pyranoside	B16	5.34±0.03	5.26±0.01	5.28±0.00	5.28±0.02	5.36±0.05	5.32±0.02
香茅醇 Citronellol	B17	14.14±0.14	14.44±0.24	13.18±0.49	14.47±0.87	15.27±0.54	13.93±0.29
橙花醇 Nerol	B18	24.78±0.34a	22.94±0.45ab	19.14±1.23c	22.17±2.41ab	22.70±1.04ab	20.56±0.37bc
香叶醇 Geraniol	B19	33.17±0.47a	9.54±0.20bc	7.83±0.81c	9.81±1.20b	10.57±0.77b	9.40±0.31bc
cis-呋喃型氧化里那醇 cis-Furan linalool oxide	B20	2.08±0.01b	2.06±0.00b	2.08±0.00b	2.07±0.02b	2.14±0.03a	2.09±0.01b
β-月桂烯 β-Myrcene	B21	62.85±1.41	54.85±1.95	55.49±3.85	55.20±2.10	55.38±1.00	56.07±0.16
β-水芹烯 β-Phellandrene	B22	6.27±0.31	6.46±0.45	6.94±0.39	6.68±1.21	6.65±0.38	5.88±0.16
D-柠檬烯 D-Limonene	B23	12.16±0.25	10.33±1.02	8.42±0.62	13.24±2.83	10.49±0.73	10.11±0.28
β-cis-罗勒烯 β-cis-Ocimene	B24	56.19±0.73a	46.28±0.83b	43.58±0.12c	47.05±1.39b	47.94±0.23b	46.18±0.36b
β-trans-罗勒烯 β-trans-Ocimene	B25	63.56±0.41a	56.84±0.00c	54.92±0.23d	56.96±0.60bc	57.92±0.62b	56.60±0.20c
别罗勒烯 Allo-Ocimene	B26	22.84±0.14a	21.06±0.40c	20.49±0.03d	21.53±0.17b	21.69±0.09b	21.42±0.05bc
(E,Z)-别罗勒烯 (E,Z)-Allo-Ocimene	B27	22.81±0.05a	21.49±0.06b	20.90±0.36c	21.58±0.20b	21.74±0.09b	21.51±0.06b
γ-松油烯 γ-Terpinene	B28	5.18±0.17	5.51±0.37	5.33±0.18	5.57±0.85	5.61±0.34	5.07±0.07
异松油烯 Terpinolen	B29	10.29±0.18a	9.27±0.59bc	8.49±0.22c	9.33±0.11bc	9.46±0.52ab	9.46±0.09ab
香叶醛 Geranial	B30	5.48±0.30a	4.25±0.02b	4.11±0.05b	4.29±0.14b	4.33±0.29b	4.43±0.05b
香叶酸 Geranic acid	B31	50.60±0.24a	39.90±0.50b	42.12±0.95b	41.66±2.10b	47.69±3.63a	48.07±2.09a
橙花醛 Neral	B32	4.25±0.05a	4.00±0.01b	3.82±0.01c	3.93±0.06bc	4.23±0.13a	4.24±0.04a
cis-异香叶醇 cis-Isogeraniol	B33	2.23±0.06c	2.44±0.00ab	2.25±0.03c	2.48±0.10a	2.44±0.03ab	2.34±0.01bc
合计 Total		447.11±0.51a	380.52±2.64cd	362.20±0.35d	391.66±16.61bc	407.15±10.24b	392.07±5.98bc

表5

图1

表6

图2

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组合 Combinations	单穗重 Cluster weight (g)	可溶性固形物含量 Total soluble solids	可滴定酸含量 Titratable acid (g∙L^-1)	固酸比 TSS/TA	瑞都红玉 HY	单穗重 Cluster weight (g)	可溶性固形物含量 Total soluble solids	可滴定酸含酸量 Titratable acid (g∙L^-1)	固酸比 TSS/TA
XY	366±32bc	17.0±1.1bc	5.85±0.15	29.1	HY	297±29c	18.4±1.9	3.55±0.34d	51.8
XY/1103P	420±74ab	16.1±0.6bc	5.65±0.32	28.5	HY/1103P	410±51ab	17.7±1.1	4.48±0.14ab	39.5
XY/110R	390±114ab	15.9±1.5c	5.36±0.39	29.7	HY/110R	435±34a	17.2±1.1	4.43±0.01abc	37.5
XY/3309M	269±65c	16.3±0.4bc	5.34±0.15	30.5	HY/3309M	332±62bc	16.9±1.1	4.13±0.08c	40.9
XY/5BB	314±85bc	18.3±0.6a	5.58±0.15	32.8	HY/5BB	431±66a	17.9±0.9	4.27±0.13bc	41.9
XY/SO4	501±138a	17.3±0.9ab	5.77±0.33	30.0	HY/SO4	304±46c	17.5±0.8	4.57±0.11a	38.3

正交偏最小二乘法模型 OPLS-DA Model	组分 Component	R²X (cum)	R²Y (cum)	Q²Y (cum)	R²Y Intercept	Q²Y Intercept
HY/others vs. HY/1103P	1+4	0.969	0.998	0.961	0.853	-0.9
HY/others vs. HY/110R	1+3	0.955	0.925	0.675	0.735	-1.13
HY/others vs. HY/3309M	1+4	0.972	0.988	0.887	0.839	-1.16
HY/others vs. HY/5BB	1+3	0.941	0.890	0.563	0.763	-1.11
HY/others vs. HY/SO4	1+0	0.673	0.117	-0.0125	0.263	-0.285
XY/others vs. XY/1103P	1+2	0.967	0.908	0.577	0.497	-1.29
XY/others vs. XY/110R	1+2	0.977	0.968	0.915	0.491	-1.14
XY/others vs. XY/3309M	0+0	—	—	—	—	—
XY/others vs. XY/5BB	1+1	0.943	0.646	0.445	0.376	-0.631
XY/others vs. XY/SO4	1+2	0.966	0.943	0.72	0.495	-0.979