不同抗性葡萄响应白腐病侵染的次生代谢物变化

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.09.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】探究次生代谢物在葡萄抗白腐病中的作用，揭示与葡萄抗白腐病相关的代谢物。【方法】采用抗病品种刺葡萄0941（Vd）和感病品种美人指（Vv）转色期的果实为试材，在果梗处针刺形成伤口并接种白腐病原菌，接种后在不同时间点（0、24、48 h）收集去除感染部分后的果实，利用广泛靶向代谢组技术对抗病品种刺葡萄和感病品种美人指果实进行代谢物检测。【结果】共检测到960种代谢物，分为12大类，如氨基酸及其衍生物、酚酸类、核苷酸及其衍生物、黄酮类和脂质等。主成分分析（PCA）和层次聚类分析（HCA）显示，抗病品种和感病品种在白腐病侵染前后的代谢物存在显著差异。以|log₂ fold change|≥1，P-value≤0.01作为筛选差异代谢物的阈值，共筛选出501种差异代谢物。在白腐病侵染后刺葡萄和美人指发生不同代谢响应，特别是侵染后的24和48 h差异代谢物数量和变化幅度在感病品种中更为显著。KEGG富集分析显示，这些差异代谢物主要富集在次生代谢物的生物合成、黄酮和黄酮醇的生物合成、ABC转运蛋白、抗坏血酸和醛酸代谢、氨基酸的生物合成等代谢途径。WGCNA鉴定出包括1种氨基酸及其衍生物（O-乙酰丝氨酸），1种酚酸类物质（熊果苷），1种黄酮类物质（矢车菊素-3-O-（6''-O-咖啡酰）葡萄糖苷），7种萜类物质（α-香树脂酮、白桦脂醇、3-表熊果酸、2-羟基齐墩果酸、山楂酸、麦珠子酸、3,24-二羟基-17,21-半缩醛基-12（13）齐墩果酸）在内的10种可能与抗病相关的次生代谢物。【结论】揭示了白腐病侵染下葡萄的代谢物变化，这些在抗病品种刺葡萄中上调的次生代谢物（氨基酸及其衍生物、酚酸类物质、黄酮类物质和萜类物质）可能在抗白腐病过程中发挥重要作用。

关键词: 葡萄, 白腐病, 抗病, 代谢组学, 次生代谢物

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study aims to explore the role of secondary metabolites in grape resistance to white rot, and to identify the metabolites associated with grape resistance to white rot.【Method】 The fruits of disease resistant Vitis davidii 0941 (Vd) and the disease susceptible Vitis vinifera Manicure Finger (Vv) at color transition stage were used as experimental materials. The fruit pedicel was pricked to create a wound and inoculated with the white rot pathogen. Fruits were collected at different time points (0, 24, 48 h) after the removal of infected parts following pathogen inoculation, and a broad-targeted metabolomics approach was employed to analyze the metabolites in the resistant and susceptible varieties.【Result】 A total of 960 metabolites were detected in the metabolome, which were divided into 12 major categories, such as amino acids and their derivatives, phenolic acids, nucleotides and their derivatives, flavonoids, and lipids. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) showed significant differences in metabolites between the resistant variety Vd and the susceptible variety Vv before and after infection with white rot. Using |log₂ fold change|≥1 and P-value≤0.01 as the threshold for screening differential metabolites, a total of 501 differential metabolites were identified. After infection with white rot, Vd and Vv exhibited different metabolic responses, especially at 24 and 48 hours post-infection, where the number and magnitude of changes in differential metabolites were more significant in the susceptible variety. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that these differential metabolites were mainly enriched in the metabolic pathways of biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, ABC transporters, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, and biosynthesis of amino acids. WGCNA identified metabolites significantly related to disease resistance, obtaining 10 secondary metabolites that may be related to disease resistance, including one amino acid and its derivative (O-acetylserine), one phenolic acid (arbutin), one flavonoid (cyanidin-3-O-(6''-O-caffeoyl)glucoside), and seven terpenoids (α-amyrenone, botulin, 3-epiursolic acid, 2-hydroxyoleanolic acid, maslinic acid, alphitolic acid, 3,24-dihydroxy-17,21-semiacetal-12(13)oleanolic acid).【Conclusion】 This study reveals the changes in grape metabolites under white rot infection, and these secondary metabolites (amino acids and their derivatives, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and terpenoids) that are up regulated in the resistant variety V. davidi 0941 may play a significant role in the resistance to white rot.

Key words: grape, white rot, disease resistance, metabolomics, secondary metabolite

谭西北, 兰徐颖, 刘崇怀, 樊秀彩, 姜建福, 孙磊, 李鹏, 余书鑫, 张颖. 不同抗性葡萄响应白腐病侵染的次生代谢物变化[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(9): 1767-1778.

TAN XiBei, LAN XuYing, LIU ChongHuai, FAN XiuCai, JIANG JianFu, SUN Lei, LI Peng, YU ShuXin, ZHANG Ying. Changes of Secondary Metabolites in Grapes with Different Resistance Levels in Response to White Rot Infection[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(9): 1767-1778.

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链接本文: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.09.007

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/Y2025/V58/I9/1767

图/表 8

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差异代谢物主要富集的代谢通路"

组别 Group	ID	名称 Name	数量 Number
Vvmock vs Vv24h	ko00270	半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸的代谢Cysteine and methionine metabolism	3
	ko00970	氨基酸-tRNA的生物合成Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis	3
	ko01100	代谢途径Metabolic pathway	32
	ko01110	次生代谢物的生物合成Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites	21
	ko01230	氨基酸的生物合成Biosynthesis of amino acids	4
	ko02010	ABC转运蛋白ABC transporters	6
	ko00330	精氨酸和脯氨酸的代谢Arginine and proline metabolism	3
	ko00040	戊糖和葡萄糖醛酸的相互转化Pentose and glucuronate interconversions	3
	ko00053	抗坏血酸和醛酸代谢Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism	4
	ko00945	芪类、二芳基庚烷类和姜醇的生物合成Stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid and gingerol biosynthesis	3
	ko00944	黄酮和黄酮醇的生物合成Flavone and flavonol biosynthesis	8
Vvmock vs Vv48h	ko00970	氨基酸-tRNA的生物合成Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis	4
	ko01100	代谢途径Metabolic pathway	30
	ko01110	次生代谢物的生物合成Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites	16
	ko01200	碳代谢Carbon metabolism	3
	ko01230	氨基酸的生物合成Biosynthesis of amino acids	5
	ko02010	ABC转运蛋白ABC transporters	5
	ko00330	精氨酸和脯氨酸的代谢Arginine and proline metabolism	3
	ko00944	黄酮和黄酮醇的生物合成Flavone and flavonol biosynthesis	5
Vdmock vs Vd24h	ko00960	托烷、哌啶和吡啶类生物碱的生物合成Tropane, piperidine and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis	3
	ko01100	代谢途径Metabolic pathway	17
	ko01110	次生代谢物的生物合成Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites	13
	ko02010	ABC转运蛋白ABC transporters	7
	ko00970	氨基酸tRNA的生物合成Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis	3
	ko01210	2-氧代羧酸的代谢2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism	3
	ko01230	氨基酸的生物合成Biosynthesis of amino acids	4
	ko00945	芪类、二芳基庚烷类和姜醇的生物合成Stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid and gingerol biosynthesis	3
	ko00941	类黄酮的生物合成Flavonoid biosynthesis	3
Vdmock vs Vd48h	ko00260	甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸的代谢Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism	3
	ko00261	单内酰胺的生物合成Monobactam biosynthesis	3
	ko00970	氨基酸-tRNA的生物合成Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis	6
	ko01100	代谢途径Metabolic pathway	34
	ko01110	次生代谢物的生物合成Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites	26
	ko01230	氨基酸的生物合成Biosynthesis of amino acids	8
	ko02010	ABC转运蛋白ABC transporters	10
	ko00330	精氨酸和脯氨酸的代谢Arginine and proline metabolism	5
	ko00290	缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸的生物合成Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis	3
	ko01210	2-氧代羧酸的代谢2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism	3
	ko04075	植物激素信号转导Plant hormone signal transduction	3
	ko00220	精氨酸的生物合成Arginine biosynthesis	3
	ko00230	嘌呤代谢Purine metabolism	3
	ko00941	类黄酮的生物合成Flavonoid biosynthesis	6

表2

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表3

图5

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序号 Code	代谢物种类 Species of metabolites	数量 Number
1	氨基酸及其衍生物Amino acids and their derivatives	94
2	酚酸类Phenolic acids	121
3	核苷酸及其衍生物Nucleotides and their derivatives	54
4	黄酮类Flavonoids	225
5	醌类Quinones	4
6	木脂素和香豆素Lignin and coumarin	19
7	鞣质Tannin	21
8	生物碱Alkaloid	64
9	萜类Terpenoids	65
10	有机酸Organic acid	57
11	脂质类Lipids	124
12	其他类Others	112

指标Index	物质Compound	物质分类Compound class
mws1050	O-乙酰丝氨酸O-Acetylserine	氨基酸及其衍生物Amino acids and their derivatives
pme3472	熊果苷Arbutin	酚酸类Phenolic acids
Hmcp005535	α-香树脂酮α-Amyrenone	萜类Terpenoids
pmp000438	白桦脂醇Betulin
MWSmce052	3-表熊果酸3-Epiursolic acid
pmn001706	2-羟基齐墩果酸2-Hydroxyoleanolic acid
mws1610	山楂酸Maslinic acid
Lmzn106284	麦珠子酸Alphitolic acid
pmn001705	3,24-二羟基-17,21-半缩醛基-12(13)齐墩果酸 3,24-Dihydroxy-17,21-semiacetal-12(13)oleanolic acid
Lmcp004436	矢车菊素-3-O-(6''-O-咖啡酰)葡萄糖苷Cyanidin-3-O-(6''-O-caffeoyl)glucoside	黄酮类Flavonoids