河西走廊作物种植结构对棉铃虫成虫寄主类型形成的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.14.006

中国农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (14): 2782-2792.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.14.006

河西走廊作物种植结构对棉铃虫成虫寄主类型形成的影响

郭建国¹^,^*(), 姜小凤², 谢晓丽¹, 郑荣³, 缪纯庆⁴, 魏建荣⁵

¹ 甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所，兰州 730070
² 甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所，兰州 730070
³ 酒泉市农业科学研究院，甘肃酒泉 735000
⁴ 张掖市农业科学研究院，甘肃张掖 734000
⁵ 武威市农业技术推广中心，甘肃武威 733000

收稿日期:2025-03-19 接受日期:2025-05-23 出版日期:2025-07-17 发布日期:2025-07-17
通信作者:
郭建国，E-mail：jguo1001@163.com。
联系方式: 郭建国，E-mail：jguo1001@163.com
基金资助:
甘肃省科学技术厅重点研发计划(20YF8NA108); 甘肃省农业科学院重点研发计划(2023GAAS23); 嘉峪关市科学技术局重点研发计划(21-21); 中华人民共和国科学技术部高端外国专家引进计划(G2022042011L)

Effect of Crop Planting Structure on Formation of Natal Host Types of Helicoverpa armigera Moths in Hexi Corridor

GUO JianGuo¹^,^*(), JIANG XiaoFeng², XIE XiaoLi¹, ZHENG Rong³, MIAO ChunQing⁴, WEI JianRong⁵

¹ Institute of Plant Protection, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070
² Institute of Dryland Farming, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730070
³ Jiuquan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiuquan 735000, Gansu
⁴ Zhangye Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhangye 734000, Gansu
⁵ Wuwei Agro-Technical Extension Center, Wuwei 733000, Gansu

Received:2025-03-19 Accepted:2025-05-23 Published:2025-07-17 Online:2025-07-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】明确河西走廊作物种植结构对棉铃虫成虫寄主类型形成的影响，构建区域性一体化绿色防控体系。【方法】2021—2023年应用性信息素诱捕器收集、稳定性碳同位素比值法（¹³C/¹²C，δ¹³C）检测分析河西走廊酒泉、武威和张掖3种作物种植结构模式下棉铃虫成虫的寄主类型。【结果】河西走廊酒泉、武威和张掖蔬菜/玉米1:1、1:2、1:3种植结构模式下，棉铃虫第1代成虫25.00%、26.19%和3.61%分别来源于C₃蔬菜，75.00%、73.81%和96.39%分别来源于C₄玉米，δ¹³C（¹³C/¹²C）平均值分别为-26.28‰、-26.81‰、-23.20‰、-12.56‰、-13.48‰和-12.82‰；第2代成虫42.62%、38.33%和23.87%分别来源于C₃蔬菜，57.38%、61.67%和76.13%分别来源于C₄玉米，δ¹³C（¹³C/¹²C）平均值分别为-26.25‰、-25.98‰、-25.78‰、-12.93‰、-12.61‰和-12.52‰；第3代成虫44.29%、40.95%和22.86%分别来源于C₃蔬菜，55.71%、59.05%和77.14%分别来源于C₄玉米，δ¹³C（¹³C/¹²C）平均值分别为-25.57‰、-26.09‰、-25.85‰、-12.56‰、-12.25‰和-12.75‰。总体而言，河西走廊酒泉、武威和张掖蔬菜/玉米1:1、1:2、1:3种植结构模式下，棉铃虫第1、2、3代成虫36.94%、35.23%和15.17%分别来源于C₃蔬菜，63.06%、64.77%和84.83%分别来源于C₄玉米，δ¹³C（¹³C/¹²C）平均值分别为-26.09‰、-26.19‰、-25.59‰、-12.66‰、-12.86‰和12.69‰。方差分析显示，河西走廊酒泉、武威蔬菜/玉米1:1、1:2种植结构模式产生的第1—3代C₃寄主类型成虫的比例显著高于张掖蔬菜/玉米1:3种植结构模式，而河西走廊酒泉、武威蔬菜/玉米1:1、1:2种植结构模式产生的第1—3代C₄寄主类型成虫的比例显著低于张掖蔬菜/玉米1:3种植结构模式。【结论】河西走廊酒泉、武威和张掖蔬菜/玉米1:1、1:2、1:3种植结构模式下棉铃虫第1—3代成虫36.94%、35.23%和15.17%来源于C₃蔬菜，63.06%、64.77%和84.83%来源于C₄玉米，3种种植结构产生的成虫均以C₄寄主类型为主。说明随着河西走廊作物种植结构调整，蔬菜/玉米种植面积比例降低有利于增加棉铃虫成虫种群的相对丰度，尤其是扩种玉米对棉铃虫成虫C₄寄主类型形成具有决定性作用。因此，河西走廊棉铃虫综合治理应该坚持“主防玉米、兼防蔬菜”一体化绿色防控策略，避免局部防治玉米或蔬菜、未统筹兼顾粮蔬作物全局性而造成次生灾害。

关键词: 河西走廊, 作物种植结构, 棉铃虫成虫, 寄主类型, 形成

Abstract:

【Objective】The objective of this study is to clarify the effect of crop planting structure on formation of natal host types of bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) moths, and to construct a regional integrated green prevention and control system in Hexi Corridor.【Method】A number of H. armigera moths were collected by sex pheromone traps and δ¹³C (¹³C/¹²C) value of one forewing of each H. armigera moth was determined by stable carbon isotope ratio method in Hexi Corridor from 2021 to 2023.【Result】Under 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 planting structure patterns of vegetables/maize in Hexi Corridor, 25.00%, 26.19% and 3.61% of the first generation moths were originated from C₃vegetables and 75.00%, 73.81% and 96.39% of the first generation moths were originated from C₄ maize, the average δ¹³C (¹³C/¹²C) values were -26.28‰, -26.81‰, -23.20‰, -12.56‰, -13.48‰ and -12.82‰, respectively. 42.62%, 38.33% and 23.87% of the second generation moths were originated from C₃ vegetables and 57.38%, 61.67% and 76.13% of the second generation moths were originated from C₄ maize, the average δ¹³C (¹³C/¹²C) values were -26.25‰, -25.98‰, -25.78‰, -12.93‰, -12.61‰ and -12.52‰, respectively. 44.29%, 40.95% and 22.86% of the third generation moths were originated from C₃ vegetables and 55.71%, 59.05% and 77.14% of the third generation moths were originated from C₄ maize, the average δ¹³C（¹³C/¹²C）values were -25.57‰, -26.09‰, -25.85‰, -12.56‰, -12.25‰ and -12.75‰, respectively. On the whole, 36.94%, 35.23% and 15.17% of the first, second and third generation moths were separately originated from C₃vegetables and 63.06%, 64.77% and 84.83% were respectively originated from C₄ maize, the average δ¹³C (¹³C/¹²C) values were -26.09‰, -26.19‰, -25.59‰, -12.66‰, -12.86‰ and 12.69‰ under 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 planting structure patterns of vegetables/maize in Hexi Corridor. One-way ANOVA analysis showed that the proportion of the first, second and third generations of C₃ host type of moths originated from 1:1 and 1:2 planting structure patterns of vegetables/maize was significantly higher than that originated from 1:3 planting structure pattern of vegetables/maize, while the proportion of the first, second and third generations of C₄ host type of moths originated from 1:1 and 1:2 planting structure patterns of vegetables/maize was significantly lower than that originated from 1:3 planting structure pattern of vegetables/maize.【Conclusion】Under 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 planting structure patterns of vegetables/maize in Hexi Corridor, 36.94%, 35.23% and 15.17% of H. armigera moths from the first to the third generation were originated from C₃ vegetables and 63.06%, 64.77% and 84.83% of H. armigera moths from the first to the third generation were originated from C₄maize, the moths produced by three planting structure patterns mainly were of C₄host types. The results indicated that the reduced area ratio of vegetables/maize was conducive to increasing the relative abundance of the moth population of H. armigera with adjustment of crop planting structure in the Hexi Corridor, in particular, the expansion of maize played a decisive role in the formation of the C₄host type of H. armigera moths. Therefore, the comprehensive control of H. armigera should adhere to the integrated control strategy of “key control in the maize and balanced control in the vegetables” in Hexi Corridor so as to avoid secondary disasters caused by local control in the maize or in the vegetables and unbalance the integrality of maize and vegetables.

Key words: Hexi Corridor, crop planting structure, Helicoverpa armigera moth, natal host type, formation

郭建国, 姜小凤, 谢晓丽, 郑荣, 缪纯庆, 魏建荣. 河西走廊作物种植结构对棉铃虫成虫寄主类型形成的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(14): 2782-2792.

GUO JianGuo, JIANG XiaoFeng, XIE XiaoLi, ZHENG Rong, MIAO ChunQing, WEI JianRong. Effect of Crop Planting Structure on Formation of Natal Host Types of Helicoverpa armigera Moths in Hexi Corridor[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(14): 2782-2792.

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作物结构类型 <BOLD>T</BOLD>ype of crop structure	取样地点 Sampling spot	年份 Year	种植面积 Planting area (×10³hm²)		C₃蔬菜/C₄玉米种植面积近似比例 Approximate proportion of C₃ vegetables/C₄ maize planting area
作物结构类型 <BOLD>T</BOLD>ype of crop structure	取样地点 Sampling spot	年份 Year	C₃作物（蔬菜） C₃ crop (vegetable)	C₄作物（玉米） C₄ crop (maize)
I	酒泉 Jiuquan	2021	35.64	46.08	≈1:1
		2022	39.11	45.32	≈1:1
		2023	41.78	45.29	≈1:1
II	武威 Wuwei	2021	42.98	99.75	≈1:2
		2022	45.65	96.47	≈1:2
		2023	50.90	92.71	≈1:2
III	张掖 Zhangye	2021	37.50	108.27	≈1:3
		2022	40.92	115.31	≈1:3
		2023	45.15	117.97	≈1:3

世代 Generation	寄主类型 Host type	处理 Treatment	δ¹³C (‰, PDB)	类型数量（头） Type number	比例 Proportion (%)
第1代 The first generation	C₃	I (1:1)	-26.28±1.27b	10	25.00±0a
		II (1:2)	-26.81±1.37b	11	26.19±3.12a
		III (1:3)	-23.20±1.44a	2	3.61±1.95b
	C₄	I (1:1)	-12.56±0.77a	30	75.00±0b
		II (1:2)	-13.48±1.41b	30	73.81±3.12b
		III (1:3)	-12.82±0.90a	57	96.39±1.95a
第2代 The second generation	C₃	I (1:1)	-26.25±1.16b	17	42.62±4.33a
		II (1:2)	-25.98±1.50a	17	38.33±2.55a
		III (1:3)	-25.78±2.41b	17	23.87±3.29b
	C₄	I (1:1)	-12.93±1.48a	24	57.38±4.33b
		II (1:2)	-12.61±1.17b	29	61.67±2.55b
		III (1:3)	-12.52±0.68a	54	76.13±3.29a
第3代 The third generation	C₃	I (1:1)	-25.57±1.53b	14	44.29±2.97a
		II (1:2)	-26.09±1.69a	17	40.95±0.95a
		III (1:3)	-25.85±1.11b	6	22.86±8.21b
	C₄	I (1:1)	-12.56±0.99a	19	55.71±2.97b
		II (1:2)	-12.25±0.57b	24	59.05±0.95b
		III (1:3)	-12.75±0.89a	26	77.14±8.21a
合计Total	C₃	I (1:1)	-26.09±1.33b	41	36.94±2.99a
		II (1:2)	-26.19±1.58a	45	35.23±1.22a
		III (1:3)	-25.59±2.22b	25	15.17±2.26b
	C₄	I (1:1)	-12.66±1.09a	73	63.06±2.99b
		II (1:2)	-12.86±1.27b	83	64.77±1.22b
		III (1:3)	-12.69±0.83a	137	84.83±2.26a

河西走廊作物种植结构对棉铃虫成虫寄主类型形成的影响

Effect of Crop Planting Structure on Formation of Natal Host Types of Helicoverpa armigera Moths in Hexi Corridor

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