中国农业科学 ›› 2007, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 628-632 .

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

复粒小穗高粱种质资源结构及遗传分析

刘明慧,高秋霞   

  1. 陕西省宝鸡市农业科学研究所
  • 收稿日期:2005-08-10 修回日期:2006-02-22 出版日期:2007-03-10 发布日期:2007-03-10

The analysis of the spikelet structure and heredity of germplasm resource in multiple grain sorghum

  1. 陕西省宝鸡市农业科学研究所
  • Received:2005-08-10 Revised:2006-02-22 Online:2007-03-10 Published:2007-03-10

摘要: 【目的】研究高粱小穗结构,完善其形态解剖和遗传理论,探讨在高粱杂种优势利用和育种中的作用。【方法】采用笔者发现创制的复粒高粱材料SZ0,以及10个国内外高粱双粒资源品种,对其农艺性状、小穗结构观察解剖,与普通(单粒)品种杂交进行遗传分析。【结果】双籽粒小穗是复粒高粱小穗的一种基本形式,在复粒品系SZ0的小穗中有高频率的多小花、多籽粒、多雌蕊、多浆片、多花药、多柱头及孪生连体籽粒等结构特征;在109-双粒(怀德)的小穗中有第三颖壳、双芒、4个浆片等结构,存在低频率的三籽粒小穗;高粱复粒性状由1对基因控制,在TX431中复粒对单粒为显性,在中国的农家品种109-双粒(怀德)中复粒对单粒为隐性。【结论】复粒高粱小穗结构与传统理论不同,表明高粱小穗的原始结构是多小花的,存在着多心皮子房;由于掌握了丰富的种质资源,国外相互矛盾的结论在本研究中同时再现,表明复粒性状在不同品种中,受不同的一对基因控制,其相互关系有待进一步研究。

关键词: 复粒高粱, 小穗结构, 多雌蕊, 多柱头, 遗传分析

Abstract: In this paper, The anatomized observation of the spikelet structure of the cultivated multiple grain sorghum variety SZ0 and the sorghum double grain varieties which were collected from home and broad was carried on, and found that there exits the exceptional structure of the third glume, double awn, multi-lodicule, multi-seed, multi-pistil , multi-anther, multi-stigma, and twinborn conjoined seeds in the spikelet of the multiple grain sorghum. Multiple grain properties was controlled by the homologous gene and the composite grain properties gene of different varieties behaves differently. In the variety of TX431, It is dominance to single grain to multiple one. In our farmhouse variety of our country, It is recessiveness to single grain to multiple one.

Key words: multiple grain sorghum, multi- pistil, multi-stigma, spikelet structure, heredity analysis