宁南旱区微集水种植条件下谷子边际效应和生理特性的响应

中国农业科学 ›› 2006, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (03): 494-501 .

宁南旱区微集水种植条件下谷子边际效应和生理特性的响应

丁瑞霞,贾志宽,韩清芳,任广鑫,王俊鹏

收稿日期:2005-11-17 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2006-03-10 发布日期:2006-03-10

Border Effect and Physiological Characteristic Responses of Foxtail Millet to Different Micro-Catchment Stripshapes in Semiarid Region of South Ningxia

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Received:2005-11-17 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2006-03-10 Published:2006-03-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究宁南旱区不同微集水种植带型谷子边际效应和生理特性，对进一步明确和完善微集水种植技术增产的机理具有重要的科学意义。【方法】以大同14号谷子为材料，测定边行和中行不同带型光合特性、叶绿素含量以及作物产量。【结果】不同带型边行的光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和叶绿素含量均大于中行；同一沟垄比值，随着沟和垄的宽度变大，不同带型谷子的边行优势增强，产量边际效应指数和边际效应均增大；边行的增产作用呈上升趋势，最大增产率达到196.5%，而中行的增产作用呈下降趋势，最低仅为12.4%；带型45﹕45的产量在两年中均达到最高，2004年为5 028 kg·ha-1，较对照增产132%；2005年为2 075.6 kg·ha-1，增产178.9%；同一处理内边行和中行的增产贡献率分别为：处理1 (30﹕30) 100%（无中行），处理2 (45﹕45) 79.67%、20.33%，处理3 (60﹕60) 71.43%、28.57%，处理4 (75﹕75) 69.38%、30.62%。【结论】不同带型中谷子边行和中行的光合作用特性不同，边际效应在同一沟垄比值下，随着沟和垄宽度的变大而变大。

关键词: 微集水, 边际效应, 光合速率, 抗旱性

Abstract: 【Objective】It has important scientific values that the yield increase mechanism of micro-catchment cultivation is further understand through studying border effect and physiological characteristic of foxtail millet among different micro-catchment stripshapes in semiarid region of south Ningxia.【Method】Photosynthetic characteristic and chlorophyll contents and yield among different stripshapes were measured in side row and middle row, respectively.【Result】 Photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatic conductance and chlorophyll contents of side row were higher than those of middle row among different stripshapes. When the furrow: ridge ratio was fixed, the wider the width of the furrow and ridge was, the stronger the border advantage, the bigger the border effect index of yield and border effect of foxtail millet among different stripshapes. In the meantime, the highest yield increase of side rows went up to 196.5%, on the contrary, the highest yield increase of middle rows went down to 12.4%. The optimal width of ridge and furrow seemed to be 45 cm in the less than 250 mm rainfall area of Ningxia, the 45 cm﹕45 cm ridge and furrow system led to a yield increase of 5 028 kg·ha-1(132%) in 2004 and of 2 075.6 kg·ha-1(178.9%) in 2005 compared with the controls. Contribution ratio of yield increase of side row and middle row in an experiment were: treatment 1 (30﹕30) 100% (without middle row), treatment 2 (45﹕45) 79.67% and 20.33%, treatment 3 (60﹕60) 71.43% and 28.57%, treatment 4 (75﹕75) 69.38% and 30.62%, respectively.【Conclusion】The photosynthetic characteristic of side row and middle row was different, when the furrow: ridge ratio was fixed, the wider the width of furrow and ridge was, the bigger the border effect of foxtail millet among different stripshapes.

Key words: Water micro-catchment, Border effect, Photosynthetic rate, Drought resistance

丁瑞霞,贾志宽,韩清芳,任广鑫,王俊鹏. 宁南旱区微集水种植条件下谷子边际效应和生理特性的响应[J]. 中国农业科学, 2006, 39(03): 494-501 .

,,,,. Border Effect and Physiological Characteristic Responses of Foxtail Millet to Different Micro-Catchment Stripshapes in Semiarid Region of South Ningxia[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2006, 39(03): 494-501 .

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