施氮量与播后滴灌量对玉米大豆带状复合种植系统产量、经济效益及水分利用特性的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.23.008

中国农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (23): 4905-4919.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.23.008

• 黄淮地区玉米大豆复合种植丰产增效技术研发 • 上一篇下一篇

施氮量与播后滴灌量对玉米大豆带状复合种植系统产量、经济效益及水分利用特性的影响

孔玮琳¹(), 高春华², 赵逢涛², 巨飞燕², 李宗新³, 赵海军³, 刘苹¹^,^*()

¹ 养分资源高效利用全国重点实验室/农业农村部黄淮海平原农业环境重点实验室/山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所，济南 250100
² 山东省农业科学院经济作物研究所，济南 250100
³ 山东省农业科学院，济南 250100

收稿日期:2025-04-29 接受日期:2025-08-29 出版日期:2025-12-01 发布日期:2025-12-09
通信作者:
刘苹，E-mail：liuapple5326@sina.com
联系方式: 孔玮琳，E-mail：tckwl8989@163.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2300905); 国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1900903); 泰山学者工程(tstp20231236); 山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程(CXG2025B10)

Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate Combined with Drip Irrigation Amount After Sowing on Yield, Economic Benefit, Water Use Characteristics of Maize-Soybean Strip Intercropping Planting System

KONG WeiLin¹(), GAO ChunHua², ZHAO FengTao², JU FeiYan², LI ZongXin³, ZHAO HaiJun³, LIU Ping¹^,^*()

¹ State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management/Key Laboratory of Agro- Environment in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100
² Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100
³ Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100

Received:2025-04-29 Accepted:2025-08-29 Published:2025-12-01 Online:2025-12-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 探究施氮量与播后滴灌量对玉米大豆带状复合种植系统生产力及资源利用效率的调控效应，为黄淮海地区水肥协同优化提供理论基础和技术支撑。【方法】 于2023和2024年，设置不同种植模式（M，玉米单作；S，大豆单作；MS，玉米大豆带状复合种植）、施氮量（N1，120 kg·hm^-2；N2，180 kg·hm^-2；N3，240kg·hm^-2）和播后滴灌量（I1，不灌水；I2，30 mm；I3，60 mm）三因素三水平正交试验，解析叶面积动态、产量、水分利用特性及经济效益对水氮调控的响应。【结果】 玉米和大豆叶面积指数（LAI）均在播后90 d左右达峰值，符合Sine函数变化（拟合度R²>0.967），带状复合种植显著提高玉米LAI，但降低大豆LAI，大豆对水分敏感，播后30 d无滴灌（I1）显著降低单作和带状复合大豆LAI，降幅达13.25%—25.00%和17.73%—24.48%；带状复合最优处理（MSN1I2，120 kg·hm^-2+滴灌30 mm）产量达9 063—9 088 kg·hm^-2，虽较单作玉米最高产处理（MN2I3，180 kg·hm^-2+滴灌60 mm）低3.48%—4.11%，但其土地当量比（land equivalent ratio，LER）持续>1（1.02—1.26），证实土地集约优势；带状复合种植较单作玉米提高0—40 cm耕层土壤蓄水量1.20%—8.64%；带状复合系统平均经济效益较单作玉米、大豆分别提高4.11%—8.04%与49.62%—63.28%，其中MSN1I2处理效益峰值达23 638元/hm²；MSN1I2实现水肥协同增效，灌溉产量效益达3.06 kg·m^-3。【结论】 玉米大豆带状复合种植模式下，减氮至120 kg·hm^-2耦合播后滴灌30 mm（MSN1I2）可同步优化冠层结构、保障高产稳产、提升经济效益与水肥效率，为区域“减氮增效”提供技术支持。

关键词: 带状复合种植系统, 施氮量, 播后灌溉量, 产量, 经济效益, 玉米, 大豆

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study aimed to clarify how varying nitrogen application rates and amounts of drip irrigation after sowing influence productivity and resource efficiency in a maize-soybean strip intercropping system, offering a theoretical framework for improving water-nitrogen management in the Huang-Huai-Hai area. 【Method】 From 2023 to 2024, a three-factor orthogonal experimental design was conducted, featuring three cultivation methods: maize alone (M), soybean alone (S), and maize-soybean strip intercropping (MS). The nitrogen levels tested were 120 kg·hm^-2 (N1), 180 kg·hm^-2 (N2), and 240 kg·hm^-2 (N3), while post-sowing irrigation was applied at 0 mm (I1), 30 mm (I2), and 60 mm (I3). This study systematically analyzed the impacts of these planting patterns on leaf area dynamics, yield, water use characteristics, and economic benefits of water and nitrogen regulation. 【Result】 The leaf area index (LAI) for both maize and soybean reached its maximum around 90 days after sowing, following a sine function trend (goodness-of-fit R²>0.967). The MS method notably enhanced maize LAI but reduced soybean LAI. Soybean was particularly responsive to water availability; the lack of post-sowing irrigation (I1) led to a significant decrease in LAI for both S and MS soybean by 13.25%-25.00% and 17.73%-24.48%, respectively, at 30 days after sowing. The most effective intercropping treatment (MSN1I2: low nitrogen at 120 kg·hm^-2+30 mm irrigation) yielded 9 063-9 088 kg·hm^-2. Although this yield was 3.48%-4.11% less than the highest yield from maize monoculture (MN2I3: 180 kg·hm^-2 N+60 mm irrigation), its land equivalent ratio (LER) remained above 1 (1.02-1.26), highlighting the benefits of intensified land use. In comparison to maize monoculture, the strip intercropping system enhanced soil water retention in the 0-40 cm plough layer by 1.20%-8.64%. On average, the trip intercropping system improved economic returns by 4.11%-8.04% and 49.62%-63.28% compared with maize and soybean monocultures, respectively, with the MSN1I2 treatment yielding the highest benefit of 23 638 yuan·hm^-2. This treatment (MSN1I2) showed a synergistic improvement in water and nitrogen efficiency, with an irrigation water productivity of 3.06 kg·m^-3. 【Conclusion】 In the maize-soybean strip intercropping system, lowering nitrogen application to 120 kg·hm^-2 along with 30 mm of post-sowing drip irrigation (MSN1I2) could optimize canopy structure, maintain high and stable yields, enhance economic returns, and improve water and nitrogen efficiency. This approach offered the valuable technical guidance for regional initiatives aimed at reducing nitrogen and enhancing efficiency.

Key words: strip intercropping system, nitrogen application, irrigation after sowing, yield, economic benefits, maize, soybean

孔玮琳, 高春华, 赵逢涛, 巨飞燕, 李宗新, 赵海军, 刘苹. 施氮量与播后滴灌量对玉米大豆带状复合种植系统产量、经济效益及水分利用特性的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(23): 4905-4919.

KONG WeiLin, GAO ChunHua, ZHAO FengTao, JU FeiYan, LI ZongXin, ZHAO HaiJun, LIU Ping. Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate Combined with Drip Irrigation Amount After Sowing on Yield, Economic Benefit, Water Use Characteristics of Maize-Soybean Strip Intercropping Planting System[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(23): 4905-4919.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

链接本文: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.23.008

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/Y2025/V58/I23/4905

图/表 15

表1

图1

表2

图2

图3

表3

图4

表4

表5

表6

图5

图6

图7

表7

表8

参考文献 40

[1]	李易玲, 彭西红, 陈平, 杜青, 任俊波, 杨雪丽, 雷鹿, 雍太文, 杨文钰. 减量施氮对套作玉米大豆叶片持绿、光合特性和系统产量的影响. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(9): 1749-1762. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.09.005.
	LI Y L, PENG X H, CHEN P, DU Q, REN J B, YANG X L, LEI L, YONG T W, YANG W Y. Effects of reducing nitrogen application on leaf stay-green, photosynthetic characteristics and system yield in maize-soybean relay strip intercropping. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(9): 1749-1762. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.09.005. (in Chinese)
[2]	李海, 沈鹏, 吕凯, 阮贞静, 李梅, 刘廷菊, 安曈昕. 玉米间作大豆行比配置对坡耕地水土流失的影响. 水土保持研究, 2024, 31(4): 11-19.
	LI H, SHEN P, LÜ K, RUAN Z J, LI M, LIU T J, AN T X. Effect of row ratio configuration of maize intercropping soybean on soil and water loss in slope farmland. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2024, 31(4): 11-19. (in Chinese)
[3]	JING B, SHI W J, CHEN T. Maize/soybean intercropping with nitrogen reduction: A pathway for improved nitrogen efficiency and reduced environmental impact in Northwest China. Soil and Tillage Research, 2025, 253: 106696. doi: 10.1016/j.still.2025.106696
[4]	GAO M L, LIU F Y, ZHANG H Z, YUAN H B, ZONG R, ZHANG M M, LI Q Q. Exploring the effects of irrigation schedules on evapotranspiration partitioning and crop water productivity of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in North China Plain using RZWQM2. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 2024, 210(5): e12760. doi: 10.1111/jac.v210.5
[5]	雷联. 膜下滴灌调亏对制种玉米植株生长、产量和水分利用的影响. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(7): 1542-1549. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221365
	LEI L. Effects of regulated deficit drip irrigation under film on plant growth, yield and water use of seed-producing maize. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(7): 1542-1549. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221365
[6]	杨立达, 彭新月, 朱文雪, 赵静, 袁晓婷, 林萍, 罗凯, 李易玲, 罗春明, 李雨泽, 杨文钰, 雍太文. 秸秆还田与灌溉方式对大豆玉米带状间作出苗及幼苗生长的影响. 中国农业科学, 2024, 57(17): 3366-3383. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.17.005.
	YANG L D, PENG X Y, ZHU W X, ZHAO J, YUAN X T, LIN P, LUO K, LI Y L, LUO C M, LI Y Z, YANG W Y, YONG T W. Effects of straw returning and irrigation methods on seedling emergence and growth in soybean and maize strip intercropping. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(17): 3366-3383. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.17.005. (in Chinese)
[7]	JIN Y, HE J, TURNER N C, DU Y L, LI F M. Water-conserving and biomass-allocation traits are associated with higher yields in modern cultivars compared to landraces of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in rainfed water-limited environments. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2019, 168: 103883. doi: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2019.103883
[8]	HOU S, SUN X R, CHEN G H, SIDDIQUE K H M, CHEN Z L, LIU F, PING S Y, LAI H T, GUO H H, AN Y J, LIN Z L, ZHANG Z X, SUN L Z, YANG P Z. Biochar addition mitigates asymmetric competition of water and increases yield advantages of maize-alfalfa strip intercropping systems in a semiarid region on the Loess Plateau. Field Crops Research, 2024, 319: 109645. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2024.109645
[9]	WANG Y Z, ZHANG Y P, YANG Z Y, FEI J C, ZHOU X, RONG X M, PENG J W, LUO G W. Intercropping improves maize yield and nitrogen uptake by regulating nitrogen transformation and functional microbial abundance in rhizosphere soil. Journal of Environmental Management, 2024, 358: 120886. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120886
[10]	DU Q, ZHOU L, CHEN P, LIU X M, SONG C, YANG F, WANG X C, LIU W G, SUN X, DU J B, et al. Relay-intercropping soybean with maize maintains soil fertility and increases nitrogen recovery efficiency by reducing nitrogen input. The Crop Journal, 2020, 8(1): 140-152. doi: 10.1016/j.cj.2019.06.010
[11]	ZHANG W, WEI Y X, KHAN A, LU J S, XIONG J L, ZHU S G, FANG X W, WANG W, HAO M, ZHAO L, et al. Intercropped soybean boosts nitrogen benefits and amends nitrogen use pattern under plastic film mulching in the semiarid maize field. Field Crops Research, 2023, 295: 108881. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2023.108881
[12]	杨玲. 宁夏引黄灌区玉米‖大豆对田间水氮利用及作物产量的影响[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2022.
	YANG L. Effect ofwater and nitrogen utilization and crop yield of maize and soybean intercropping system in Yellow River irrigation area of Ningxia[D]. Yangling: Northwest A & F University, 2022. (in Chinese)
[13]	ZHANG L Q, FENG Y D, ZHAO Z H, CUI Z G, BAOYIN B, WANG H Y, LI Q Z, CUI J H. Maize/soybean intercropping with nitrogen supply levels increases maize yield and nitrogen uptake by influencing the rhizosphere bacterial diversity of soil. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2024, 15: 1437631. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1437631
[14]	秦德志, 崔文芳, 陈静, 刘剑, 秦丽, 严海欧. 滴灌下氮肥减量配施生物炭对玉米大豆间作系统光合特性和产量的影响. 大豆科学, 2024, 43(3): 332-341.
	QIN D Z, CUI W F, CHEN J, LIU J, QIN L, YAN H O. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer reduction combined with biochar on photosynth-etic characteristics and yield of maize soybean intercropping system under drip irrigation. Soybean Science, 2024, 43(3): 332-341. (in Chinese)
[15]	祝庆, 袁超, 张国伟, 许瀚元, 李淑芬, 柴文波, 王军. 玉米品种和密度对大豆玉米间作群体结构和产量的影响. 中国油料作物学报, 2025, 47(4): 980-992. doi: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2025077
	ZHU Q, YUAN C, ZHANG G W, XU H Y, LI S F, CHAI W B, WANG J. Influence of maize variety and planting density on population structure and yield of soybean-maize intercropping system. Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences, 2025, 47(4): 980-992. (in Chinese) doi: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2025077
[16]	董奎军, 张亦涛, 刘瀚文, 张继宗, 王伟军, 温延臣, 雷秋良, 文宏达. 玉米大豆间作减量施氮对当季作物农艺性状、经济效益和后茬小麦产量的影响. 中国农业科学, 2024, 57(22): 4495-4506. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.22.009.
	DONG K J, ZHANG Y T, LIU H W, ZHANG J Z, WANG W J, WEN Y C, LEI Q L, WEN H D. Effects of nitrogen reduction application of summer maize-soybean intercropping on agronomic traits and economic benefits as well as its yield of subsequent wheat. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(22): 4495-4506. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.22.009. (in Chinese)
[17]	赵方洋, 曹红霞, 马丽娜, 党小文, 万宇, 彭美龄, 李志军. 补充灌溉对黄土高原谷子生长、产量及水分利用效率的影响. 干旱地区农业研究, 2024, 42(5): 44-53, 84.
	ZHAO F Y, CAO H X, MA L N, DANG X W, WAN Y, PENG M L, LI Z J. Effects of supplementary irrigation on growth, yield, and water use efficiency of millet in the Loess Plateau. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 2024, 42(5): 44-53, 84. (in Chinese)
[18]	高仁才. 田间配置对玉豆系统光环境、光能利用和产量的影响研究[D]. 雅安: 四川农业大学, 2015.
	GAO R C. Study on the effect of field configuration on light environment, light utilization and yield in maize-soybean relay strip intercropping[D]. Yaan: Sichuan Agricultural University, 2015. (in Chinese)
[19]	雷志刚, 王业建, 郗浩江, 李铭东, 李召锋, 赵海菊, 韩登旭, 杨杰, 阿布来提·阿布拉, 梁晓玲. 不同青贮玉米品种品质性状与农艺性状的相关分析. 新疆农业科学, 2017, 54(4): 694-699.
	LEI Z G, WANG Y J, XI H J, LI M D, LI Z F, ZHAO H J, HAN D X, YANG J, ABLAITI A, LIANG X L. Correlation analysis of agronomic characteristics and quality traits of different silage maize varieties. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 54(4): 694-699. (in Chinese)
[20]	WANG R N, SUN Z X, ZHANG L Z, YANG N, FENG L S, BAI W, ZHANG D S, WANG Q, EVERS J B, LIU Y, et al. Border-row proportion determines strength of interspecific interactions and crop yields in maize/peanut strip intercropping. Field Crops Research, 2020, 253: 107819. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2020.107819
[21]	HUSSAIN S, PANG T, IQBAL N, SHAFIQ I, SKALICKY M, BRESTIC M, SAFDAR M E, MUMTAZ M, AHMAD A, ASGHAR M A, et al. Acclimation strategy and plasticity of different soybean genotypes in intercropping. Functional Plant Biology, 2020, 47(7): 592-610. doi: 10.1071/FP19161 pmid: 32375994
[22]	苏本营, 宋艳霞, 陈圣宾, 杨文钰. 大豆幼苗对套作玉米遮荫环境的光合生理生态响应. 生态学报, 2015, 35(10): 3298-3308.
	SU B Y, SONG Y X, CHEN S B, YANG W Y. Photosynthetic responses of soybean(Glycine max) seedlings to shading caused by maize in an intercropping system. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2015, 35(10): 3298-3308. (in Chinese)
[23]	寇红太. 行比配置对膜下滴灌玉米-大豆间作系统水氮光利用及产量的影响[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2024.
	KOU H T. Effects of row configuration on water-nitrogen-light utilization and yield of maize-soybean intercropping system under film-mulched drip irrigation[D]. Yangling: Northwest A&F University, 2024. (in Chinese)
[24]	OZEKI K, MIYAZAWA Y, SUGIURA D. Rapid stomatal closure contributes to higher water use efficiency in major C4 compared to C3 Poaceae crops. Plant Physiology, 2022, 189(1): 188-203. doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiac040 pmid: 35134220
[25]	李多, 王晨, 张明聪, 曹亮, 金喜军, 张玉先, 王孟雪. 大豆苗期水分亏缺对土壤酶活性及微生物多样性的影响. 作物杂志, 2024(2): 148-157.
	LI D, WANG C, ZHANG M C, CAO L, JIN X J, ZHANG Y X, WANG M X. Effects of water deficit in soybean seedling stage on soil enzyme activity and microbial diversity. Crops, 2024(2): 148-157. (in Chinese)
[26]	GU L M, LIU T N, ZHAO J, DONG S T, LIU P, ZHANG J W, ZHAO B. Nitrate leaching of winter wheat grown in lysimeters as affected by fertilizers and irrigation on the North China Plain. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2015, 14(2): 374-388. doi: 10.1016/S2095-3119(14)60747-4
[27]	叶优良, 肖焱波, 黄玉芳, 李隆. 小麦/玉米和蚕豆/玉米间作对水分利用的影响. 中国农学通报, 2008, 24(3): 445-449.
	YE Y L, XIAO Y B, HUANG Y F, LI L. Effect of wheat/maize and faba bean/maize intercropping on water use. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2008, 24(3): 445-449. (in Chinese)
[28]	LI L, SUN J H, ZHANG F S, GUO T W, BAO X G, SMITH F A, SMITH S E. Root distribution and interactions between intercropped species. Oecologia, 2006, 147(2): 280-290. pmid: 16211394
[29]	GU Y, ZHENG H Y, LI S, WANG W T, GUAN Z Y, LI J Z, MEI N, HU W H. Effects of narrow-wide row planting patterns on canopy photosynthetic characteristics, bending resistance and yield of soybean in maize-soybean intercropping systems. Scientific Reports, 2024, 14: 9361. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-59916-5
[30]	SHEN L, WANG X Y, LIU T T, WEI W W, ZHANG S, KEYHANI A B, LI L H, ZHANG W. Border row effects on the distribution of root and soil resources in maize-soybean strip intercropping systems. Soil and Tillage Research, 2023, 233: 105812. doi: 10.1016/j.still.2023.105812
[31]	王雅梅. 玉米-大豆不同宽幅间作对大豆光合特性和水分利用效率的影响[D]. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2020.
	WANG Y M. Effects of maize-soybean intercropping with different width on photosynthetic characteristics and water use efficiency of soybean[D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2020. (in Chinese)
[32]	ALI RAZA M, GUL H, WANG J, YASIN H S, QIN R J, BIN KHALID M H, NAEEM M, FENG L Y, IQBAL N, GITARI H, AHMAD S, BATTAGLIA M, ANSAR M, YANG F, YANG W Y. Land productivity and water use efficiency of maize-soybean strip intercropping systems in semi-arid areas: A case study in Punjab Province, Pakistan. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021, 308: 127282. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127282
[33]	陈世超, 刘文丰, 杜太生. 基于水氮管理与种植结构优化的作物丰产高效管理策略. 农业工程学报, 2022, 38(16): 144-152.
	CHEN S C, LIU W F, DU T S. Achieving high-yield and high- efficient management strategy based on optimized irrigation and nitrogen fertilization management and planting structure. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2022, 38(16): 144-152. (in Chinese)
[34]	邓浩亮, 潘小番, 兰雪梅, 王勤礼, 肖让, 滕安国, 雷联. 水氮互作对河西绿洲灌区玉豆带状复合种植玉米产量及水氮利用效率的影响. 玉米科学, 2024, 32(7): 73-82.
	DENG H L, PAN X F, LAN X M, WANG Q L, XIAO R, TENG A G, LEI L. Effect of water and nitrogen interaction on maize-soybean strip intercropping planting yields and water-nitrogen use efficiency in Hexi oasis irrigation area. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2024, 32(7): 73-82. (in Chinese)
[35]	ZHAI J, ZHANG G Q, ZHANG Y M, XU W Q, XIE R Z, MING B, HOU P, WANG K R, XUE J, LI S K. Effect of the rate of nitrogen application on dry matter accumulation and yield formation of densely planted maize. Sustainability, 2022, 14(22): 14940. doi: 10.3390/su142214940
[36]	雷雲翔, 陆思豪, 应晓成, 沈新平, 蒋敏. 不同间作方式对玉米/大豆的光合性能、产量和土壤微生态特征的影响. 农业资源与环境学报, 2023, 40(3): 610-618.
	LEI Y X, LU S H, YING X C, SHEN X P, JIANG M. Effects of different intercropping methods on photosynthetic performance, yield, and soil microecological characteristics of maize and soybean. Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment, 2023, 40(3): 610-618. (in Chinese)
[37]	CHEN P, SONG C, LIU X M, ZHOU L, YANG H, ZHANG X N, ZHOU Y, DU Q, PANG T, FU Z D, et al. Yield advantage and nitrogen fate in an additive maize-soybean relay intercropping system. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 657: 987-999. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.376
[38]	ZHAO Z X, LI Z Y, LI Y, YU L Y, GU X B, CAI H J. Supplementary irrigation and reduced nitrogen application improve the productivity, water and nitrogen use efficiency of maize-soybean intercropping system in the semi-humid drought-prone region of China. Agricultural Water Management, 2024, 305: 109126. doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109126
[39]	岳高红, 黄业昌, 高锡腾, 梅霞, 刘永安, 潘彬荣. 甜玉米/鲜食大豆间作对根际固氮细菌和丛枝菌根真菌的影响. 玉米科学, 2024, 32(5): 67-77.
	YUE G H, HUANG Y C, GAO X T, MEI X, LIU Y A, PAN B R. Effects of different sweet maize/vegetable soybean interplanting systems on rhizosphere nitrogen-fixing bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi communities. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2024, 32(5): 67-77. (in Chinese)
[40]	周颖, 陈平, 杜青, 庞婷, 付智丹, 张晓娜, 任建锐, 杨文钰, 雍太文. 不同间套作模式对大豆农艺性状及系统经济效益的影响. 四川农业大学学报, 2018, 36(6): 745-750.
	ZHOU Y, CHEN P, DU Q, PANG T, FU Z D, ZHANG X N, REN J R, YANG W Y, YONG T W. The effects of agronomic traits of soybean and system economic benefits in the different intercropping patterns. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2018, 36(6): 745-750. (in Chinese)

年份 Year	pH	有机质 Organic matter (g·kg^-1)	全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg^-1)	碱解氮 Alkeline-N (mg·kg^-1)	速效磷 Olsen-P (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 Olsen-K (mg·kg^-1)
2023	5.44	13.87	0.72	70.56	13.21	142.12
2024	5.79	12.65	0.86	71.67	15.74	143.68

处理 Treatment	种植模式（因子P） Planting pattern (Factor P)	施氮量（因子N） Nitrogen fertilizer rate (Factor N) (kg N·hm^-2)	灌溉量（因子I） Irrigation amount (Factor I) (mm)
MN1I1	玉米单作 Maize monoculture (M)	120 (N1)	0 (I1)
MN2I3	玉米单作Maize monoculture (M)	180 (N2)	60 (I3)
MN3I2	玉米单作Maize monoculture (M)	240 (N3)	30 (I2)
SN1I3	大豆单作Soybean monoculture (S)	120 (N1)	60 (I3)
SN2I2	大豆单作Soybean monoculture (S)	180 (N2)	30 (I2)
SN3I1	大豆单作Soybean monoculture (S)	240 (N3)	0 (I1)
MSN1I2	玉米大豆带状复合种植Maize and soybean intercropping (MS)	120 (N1)	30 (I2)
MSN2I1	玉米大豆带状复合种植Maize and soybean intercropping (MS)	180 (N2)	0 (I1)
MSN3I3	玉米大豆带状复合种植Maize and soybean intercropping (MS)	240 (N3)	60 (I3)

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	y₀	x_c	w	A	R²
2023	MN1I1	1.68	46.17	87.24	2.77	0.9899**
	MN2I3	2.30	51.49	80.08	2.46	0.9823**
	MN3I2	2.51	54.61	71.72	2.33	0.9808**
	MSN1I2	2.55	55.25	71.84	2.38	0.9953**
	MSN2I1	1.79	47.12	90.14	2.86	0.9869**
	MSN3I3	2.55	53.17	72.11	2.35	0.9749**
2024	MN1I1	1.78	45.14	96.20	2.77	0.9767**
	MN2I3	2.35	57.65	61.52	2.09	0.9974**
	MN3I2	2.52	55.09	71.75	2.29	0.9878**
	MSN1I2	2.59	55.87	68.11	2.32	0.9973**
	MSN2I1	2.17	53.31	80.29	2.47	0.9674**
	MSN3I3	2.42	51.26	77.35	2.42	0.9686**

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	y₀	x_c	w	A	R²
2023	SN1I3	4.54	-111.77	82.14	3.61	0.9997**
	MN2I2	4.59	-97.28	75.22	3.40	0.9987**
	MN3I1	2.61	-189.21	114.14	5.13	0.9974**
	MSN1I2	4.32	-93.19	75.01	3.35	0.9995**
	MSN2I1	4.14	56.45	67.56	3.24	0.9990**
	MSN3I3	4.22	-94.46	75.13	3.22	0.9985**
2024	SN1I3	4.53	-96.85	76.23	3.46	0.9987**
	MN2I2	4.44	-92.72	74.18	3.33	0.9982**
	MN3I1	4.27	-89.15	72.86	3.28	0.9999**
	MSN1I2	4.05	-91.79	74.07	3.31	0.9987**
	MSN2I1	4.03	-77.28	67.63	3.28	0.9957**
	MSN3I3	4.32	-81.07	69.47	3.23	0.9963**

处理 Treatment				产量 Yield（kg·hm^-2）
种植模式（因子P） Planting pattern (FactorP)	施氮量（因子N） Nitrogen fertilizer rate (Factor N)	灌溉量（因子I） Irrigation amount (Factor I)		2023	2024
M	N1		I1	8860.97c	8344.79d
	N2		I3	9462.02a	9379.11a
	N3		I2	9215.53b	9164.05b
S	N1		I3	3768.85e	3632.72f
	N2		I2	3933.02e	3748.40f
	N3		I1	3297.36f	2979.07g
MS	N1		I2	9088.27b	9063.46b
	N2		I1	8535.18d	8145.69e
	N3		I3	8849.46c	8635.35c

施氮量与播后滴灌量对玉米大豆带状复合种植系统产量、经济效益及水分利用特性的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate Combined with Drip Irrigation Amount After Sowing on Yield, Economic Benefit, Water Use Characteristics of Maize-Soybean Strip Intercropping Planting System

RichHTML

PDF

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 15

参考文献 40

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

年份 Year	项目 Item	源Source
年份 Year	项目 Item	种植模式 Planting pattern	施氮量 Nitrogen fertilizer rate	灌溉量 Irrigation amount
2023	k₁	9179.51	7239.36	6897.84
	k₂	3666.41	7310.08	7412.27
	k₃	8824.31	7120.79	7360.11
	R	5513.10	189.29	514.43
	P	0.01*	0.25	0.04*
2024	k₁	8962.65	7013.66	6489.85
	k₂	3453.40	7091.07	7325.30
	k₃	8614.83	6926.15	7215.72
	R	5509.25	164.91	835.45
	P	0.01*	0.67	0.06

处理 Treatment				经济效益 Economic benefits (yuan/hm²)
种植模式（因子P） Planting pattern (Factor P)	施氮量（因子N） Nitrogen fertilizer rate (Factor N)		灌溉量（因子I） Ir Irrigation amount (Factor I)	2023	2024
M		N1	I1	20538.46c	14501.93e
		N2	I3	21899.63b	16416.78c
		N3	I2	21117.71c	15838.37d
S		N1	I3	15915.03d	11172.43f
		N2	I2	16587.78d	11349.98f
		N3	I1	8120.90e	13322.22g
MS		N1	I2	23637.75a	18014.22a
		N2	I1	21888.51b	15727.64d
		N3	I3	23038.62a	16772.18b

[1]	蒲丽霞, 张佳芮, 叶建萍, 黄秀兰, 樊高琼, 杨洪坤. 二氢赤霉素与秸秆覆盖对旱地小麦分蘖成穗与产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(9): 1735-1748.
[2]	郭晨荔, 刘扬, 陈燕, 胡伟, 王友华, 周治国, 赵文青. 减氮条件下适当磷肥后移对滴灌棉花产量和磷肥利用效率的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(9): 1749-1766.
[3]	刘劲松, 伍龙梅, 包晓哲, 刘志霞, 张彬, 杨陶陶. 短期减施氮肥对华南地区早晚兼用型水稻产量和稻米品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(8): 1508-1520.
[4]	韦文华, 李盼, 邵冠贵, 樊志龙, 胡发龙, 范虹, 何蔚, 柴强, 殷文, 赵连豪. 西北灌区青贮玉米产量及品质对减量灌水与有机无机肥配施的响应[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(8): 1521-1534.
[5]	薛钰琦, 赵继玉, 孙旺胜, 任佰朝, 赵斌, 刘鹏, 张吉旺. 不同氮素形态对夏玉米产量和品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(8): 1535-1549.
[6]	李绍兴, 宋稳锋, 魏泽煜, 周玉玲, 宋李霞, 任可, 马群, 王龙昌. 秸秆与紫云英覆盖对土壤肥力及甘薯产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(8): 1591-1603.
[7]	尹波, 于爱忠, 王鹏飞, 杨学慧, 王玉珑, 尚永盼, 张冬玲, 刘亚龙, 李悦, 王凤. 绿肥还田结合氮肥减施对干旱灌区麦田土壤水热特征及小麦产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(7): 1366-1380.
[8]	陈桂平, 李盼, 邵冠贵, 吴霞玉, 殷文, 赵连豪, 樊志龙, 胡发龙. 减量灌水与有机无机肥配施对青贮玉米吐丝期后叶片持绿特性的调控作用[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(7): 1381-1396.
[9]	岳润清, 李文兰, 丁照华, 孟昭东. 转基因复合抗虫耐除草剂玉米LD05的分子特征及抗性评价[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(7): 1269-1283.
[10]	赵耀, 程前, 徐田军, 刘正, 王荣焕, 赵久然, 陆大雷, 李从锋. 高密度条件下株型改良对春玉米根-冠特征及籽粒产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(7): 1296-1310.
[11]	邹晓威, 夏蕾, 朱晓敏, 孙辉, 周琦, 齐霁, 张亚封, 郑岩, 姜兆远. 基于转录组测序的玉米瘤黑粉菌UM01240过表达菌株诱导玉米抗病性分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(6): 1116-1130.
[12]	严孙辉, 罗程, 陈银基, 庄昕波. 细菌纤维素协同pH偏移处理对大豆分离蛋白凝胶特性与微观结构的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(6): 1210-1222.
[13]	刘路平, 胡雪洁, 祁金, 陈强, 刘智, 赵田湉, 史晓蕾, 刘兵强, 孟庆民, 张孟臣, 韩天富, 杨春燕. 大豆生育期基因E1和E2的启动子克隆及其表达模式分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(5): 840-850.
[14]	张洪程, 邢志鹏, 张瑞宏, 单翔, 奚小波, 程爽, 翁文安, 胡群, 崔培媛, 魏海燕. 小麦整合化无人化丰产栽培的特征与技术途径[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(5): 864-876.
[15]	赵彤彤, 谷晓博, 谭川东, 延廷霖, 李晓雁, 常甜, 杜娅丹. 水氮耦合对西北旱区覆膜农田土壤有机碳、氮矿化的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(5): 929-942.