施氮量对不同源库类型粳稻物质积累与氮素吸收的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.11.004

中国农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (11): 2096-2117.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.11.004

• 耕作栽培·生理生化·农业信息技术 • 上一篇下一篇

施氮量对不同源库类型粳稻物质积累与氮素吸收的影响

周宇(), 孙童, 张艳红, 汝艳, 苏坦, 王帅, 朱金燕, 胡金龙, 熊强强, 张洪程, 周年兵()

扬州大学水稻产业工程技术研究院/江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心/江苏省优质粳稻产业工程研究中心，江苏扬州 225009

收稿日期:2024-11-11 接受日期:2025-04-29 出版日期:2025-06-01 发布日期:2025-06-09
通信作者:
周年兵，E-mail：008007@yzu.edu.cn
联系方式: 周宇，E-mail：zy2636291076@126.com。
基金资助:
江苏省重点研发计划(BE2022338); 江苏省种业振兴揭榜挂帅项目(JBGS[2021]036); 扬州大学-海安市共建农业科技现代化先行县项目(HA-XXY-2022-01)

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization Levels on Matter Accumulation and Nitrogen Uptake in Different Source and Library Types of Japonica Rice

ZHOU Yu(), SUN Tong, ZHANG YanHong, RU Yan, SU Tan, WANG Shuai, ZHU JinYan, HU JinLong, XIONG QiangQiang, ZHANG HongCheng, ZHOU NianBing()

Rice Industry Engineering Technology Research Institute of Yangzhou University/Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Jiangsu Province High Quality Japonica Rice Industry Engineering Research Center, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu

Received:2024-11-11 Accepted:2025-04-29 Published:2025-06-01 Online:2025-06-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究不同源库类型粳稻在各施氮条件下的地上部物质积累和氮素转运，以期筛选出高产氮高效的粳稻品系，探寻该粳稻品系生长的最适施氮量，实现产量提升。【方法】试验于2022—2023年开展，以源库互作型粳稻（扬产35003）、源限制型粳稻（扬产35002）和库限制型粳稻（扬产35004）为试验材料，采取裂区设计，设置180、225、270和315 kg·hm^-2 4个施氮处理，于粳稻关键生育时期测定各处理下不同类型粳稻的产量、干物质积累和氮素相关指标（氮素转运效率及贡献率、收获指数、氮素收获指数、籽粒及干物质生产效率和氮肥偏生产力），分析不同施氮处理下各类型粳稻相关指标变化，探究施氮量对物质积累及转运的影响；对比不同源库类型粳稻的指标均值和变异系数，剔除不同施氮量带来的指标差异，凸显不同类型粳稻间差异；利用相关性系数，探讨不同类型粳稻产量性状与氮利用效率的关系，并分析施氮量对不同源库类型粳稻在抽穗期、成熟期的干物质积累、氮素吸收利用及产量的影响。【结果】（1）在180—315 kg·hm^-2 范围内增施氮肥能显著提高两年间各类型粳稻产量（9.68%—29.19%）、抽穗期的干物质和氮素积累量（3.26%—28.57%和8.57%—47.91%）以及成熟期的干物质和氮素积累量（1.01%—24.84%和3.83%—57.98%），同时有利于提高成熟期叶片和茎鞘的氮素转运能力。（2）在同一施氮条件下，扬产35003两年间成熟期的干物质积累量、氮素积累量、千粒重、结实率高于扬产35002和扬产35004（分别为29.08%—44.12%、9.32%—29.12%、11.40%—15.42%、17.67%—40.70%和25.93%—44.13%、18.25%—26.17%、6.16%—8.30%、-1.50%—13.96%），最终两年间实际产量超越2种类型粳稻（较扬产35002和扬产35004高出24.26%—32.33%和21.14%—30.05%）。（3）较高的氮素转运能力并非源库互作型品系所独有的特征，在同一施氮水平条件下，扬产35004的氮素转运效率与试验中的源库互作型品系相似，但两年间吸氮量低于扬产35003（15.43%—20.74%），产量低于扬产35003（17.45%—23.11%），因此是一个低产氮高效粳稻品系。【结论】扬产35003在施氮量为225 kg·hm^-2的条件下，能够显著优化养分与温光资源的协同利用效率，促进植株氮素吸收与转运能力的提升，提高群体产量表现，是本试验下的最佳搭配组合。

关键词: 粳稻, 产量, 氮肥, 物质积累, 氮效率

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study aimed to investigate the overground part material accumulation and nitrogen transport of japonica rice with different sources and library types under different nitrogen application conditions, in order to select the japonica rice strain with high yield and high nitrogen efficiency, and explore the optimal nitrogen application rate for the growth of this japonica rice variety, ultimately achieve an increase in yield.【Method】 The trial was conducted in 2022-2023, with the source library interaction type Yangchan35003, source restriction type Yangchan35002, and library restriction type Yangchan35004 as test materials, and the split zone design was adopted. Four nitrogen application treatments of 180 kg·hm^-2, 225 kg·hm^-2, 270 kg·hm^-2 and 315 kg·hm^-2 were set. The yield, dry matter accumulation and nitrogen related indexes (mainly taking nitrogen transport efficiency, nitrogen transport contribution rate, harvest index, nitrogen harvest index, grain production efficiency, dry matter production efficiency and nitrogen fertilizer productivity as the evaluation indexes of nitrogen utilization efficiency) of different types of japonica rice under each treatment were measured at the key stage, the changes of different types of japonica rice under different nitrogen treatment were analyzed in the bar chart, and the influence of nitrogen application on material accumulation and transport was delved; the index mean value and variation coefficient of japonica rice were compared, the differences in indicators caused by different nitrogen application amounts were eliminated, and the differences between different types of japonica rice were highlighted; by using the correlation coefficient, the relationship between yield types of japonica rice and nitrogen utilization efficiency were explored, and the influence of nitrogen application on the accumulation of dry matter, nitrogen utilization and yield of japonica rice in heading and maturity period were analyzed.【Result】 (1) Applying additional nitrogen fertilizer within the range of 180-315 kg·hm^-2 could significantly increased the yield of each type of japonica rice (9.68%-29.19%), dry matter and nitrogen accumulation at heading stage (3.26%-28.57% and 8.57%-47.91%), and dry matter and nitrogen accumulation at maturity stage (1.01%-24.84% and 3.83%-57.98%) during the two-year period. Meanwhile, it was also beneficial to improve nitrogen transport capacity of leaves and stem at maturity stage. (2) Under the same nitrogen application conditions, the accumulation of dry matter, the accumulation of nitrogen, 1000-grain weight and setting percentage in Yangchan35003 were higher than that in Yangchan35002 and Yangchan35004 (29.08%-44.12%, 9.32%-29.21%, 11.40%-15.42%, 17.67%-40.70% and 25.93%-44.13%, 18.25%-26.17%, 6.16%-8.30%,-1.50%-13.96%, respectively) during the two-year period, the final yield exceeded the two types of japonica rice (24.26%-32.33% and 21.14%-30.05% higher than the yield Yangchan35002 and 35004, respectively) during the two-year period.(3) The high nitrogen transport capacity was not a unique feature of the source library interaction type strain. In this experiment, under the same nitrogen level condition, the nitrogen transport efficiency of Yangchan35004 was similar to the source library interaction type strain in the experiment, but the nitrogen intake was lower than Yangchan35003 (15.43%-20.74%), and the yield was lower than Yangchan35003 (17.45%-23.11%) during the two-year period, so it was a low yield and high nitrogen efficiency rice strain.【Conclusion】 Under the condition of applying 270 kg·hm^-2 of nitrogen fertilizer, Yangchan35002 could significantly optimize the synergy utilization efficiency of nutrients and temperature-light resources, enhance the nitrogen absorption and transportation capacity of plants, and improve the yield performance of the population. It was determined as the optimal combination in this experiment.

Key words: japonica rice, yield, nitrogen fertilizer, material accumulation, nitrogen efficiency

周宇, 孙童, 张艳红, 汝艳, 苏坦, 王帅, 朱金燕, 胡金龙, 熊强强, 张洪程, 周年兵. 施氮量对不同源库类型粳稻物质积累与氮素吸收的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(11): 2096-2117.

ZHOU Yu, SUN Tong, ZHANG YanHong, RU Yan, SU Tan, WANG Shuai, ZHU JinYan, HU JinLong, XIONG QiangQiang, ZHANG HongCheng, ZHOU NianBing. Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization Levels on Matter Accumulation and Nitrogen Uptake in Different Source and Library Types of Japonica Rice[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(11): 2096-2117.

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链接本文: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.11.004

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/Y2025/V58/I11/2096

图/表 14

表1

表2

表3

图1

表4

不同源库类型粳稻品系差异对干物质积累的影响"

年份 Year	指标 Trait	扬产35003 Yangchan35003			扬产35002 Yangchan35002			扬产35004 Yangchan35004
年份 Year	指标 Trait	变幅 Range	平均值 Mean	变异系数 CV (%)	变幅 Range	平均值 Mean	变异系数 CV (%)	变幅 Range	平均值 Mean	变异系数 CV (%)
2022	抽穗期总干重 Heading total dry matter weight (t·hm^-2)	13.25—14.74	13.92	3.15	12.31—14.87	13.62	6.40	10.29—13.42	11.68	9.81
	抽穗期茎干重 Heading stem dry matter weight (t·hm^-2)	7.83—8.82	8.30	3.98	7.66—8.85	8.15	5.22	6.00—7.71	6.70	9.50
	抽穗期叶干重 Heading leaf dry matter weight (t·hm^-2)	3.92—4.73	4.20	5.95	3.17—4.42	3.79	10.91	2.88—3.83	3.33	10.38
	抽穗期穗干重 Heading panicle dry matter weight (t·hm^-2)	1.07—1.72	1.42	16.23	1.07—2.19	1.68	20.44	1.41—1.88	1.66	11.35
	成熟期总干重 Mature total dry matter weight (t·hm^-2)	21.49—24.22	22.59	4.43	14.89—18.72	16.64	7.69	14.80—18.26	16.90	8.96
	成熟期茎干重 Mature stem dry matter weight (t·hm^-2)	6.59—7.40	6.99	3.81	4.26—5.42	4.76	8.27	3.68—5.65	4.66	13.82
	成熟期叶干重 Mature leaf dry matter weight (t·hm^-2)	4.23—5.16	4.73	7.47	3.50—4.81	4.13	11.39	2.88—3.84	3.30	9.48
	成熟期穗干重 Mature panicle dry matter weight (t·hm^-2)	10.67—11.65	10.87	4.35	7.13—8.49	7.75	6.11	8.24—9.64	8.95	6.86
2023	抽穗期总干重 Heading total dry matter weight (t·hm^-2)	13.37—14.73	13.99	2.98	12.26—14.50	13.41	6.55	10.24—13.64	11.73	10.80
	抽穗期茎干重 Heading stem dry matter weight (t·hm^-2)	7.91—9.06	8.38	4.46	7.69—8.68	8.10	4.70	6.03—7.90	6.77	10.58
	抽穗期叶干重 Heading leaf dry matter weight (t·hm^-2)	3.92—4.53	4.19	5.53	3.03—4.52	3.78	13.39	2.78—3.88	3.34	11.23
	抽穗期穗干重 Heading panicle dry matter weight (t·hm^-2)	1.55—1.68	1.42	15.98	0.91—2.21	1.53	29.45	1.31—1.86	1.62	12.80
	成熟期总干重 Mature total dry matter weight (t·hm^-2)	21.58—24.62	22.90	4.46	14.99—18.67	16.84	7.88	15.00—19.33	17.20	9.14
	成熟期茎干重 Mature stem dry matter weight (t·hm^-2)	6.66—7.40	7.08	3.80	4.33—5.05	4.82	8.45	3.79—5.65	4.72	14.14
	成熟期叶干重 Mature leaf dry matter weight (t·hm^-2)	4.28—5.23	4.77	6.88	3.53—4.92	4.15	11.26	2.94—3.96	3.38	10.18
	成熟期穗干重 Mature panicle dry matter weight (t·hm^-2)	10.64—12.00	11.05	4.31	7.13—8.69	7.87	6.97	8.26—9.72	9.10	6.88

表4

图2

图3

表5

不同源库类型粳稻品系差异对氮素积累的影响"

年份 Year	指标 Trait	扬产35003 Yangchan35003			扬产35002 Yangchan35002			扬产35004 Yangchan35004
年份 Year	指标 Trait	变幅 Range	平均值 Mean	变异系数 CV (%)	变幅 Range	平均值 Mean	变异系数 CV (%)	变幅 Range	平均值 Mean	变异系数 CV (%)
2022	抽穗期总吸氮量 Heading total nitrogen content (kg·hm^-2)	112.97—169.55	140.34	13.79	108.54—170.70	139.5	15.56	107.99—166.37	137.40	14.59
	抽穗期茎吸氮量 Heading stem nitrogen content (kg·hm^-2)	34.38—56.00	45.33	15.97	35.24—60.54	47.08	18.47	32.40-54.76	42.51	18.63
	抽穗期叶吸氮量 Heading leaf nitrogen content (kg·hm^-2)	62.44—99.85	80.06	16.96	60.32—95.23	75.75	16.20	60.61—93.02	77.48	14.10
	抽穗期穗吸氮量 Heading panicle nitrogen content (kg·hm^-2)	13.32—16.74	14.95	9.56	9.82—24.10	16.67	28.50	14.98—18.59	17.41	9.21
	成熟期总吸氮量 Mature total nitrogen content (kg·hm^-2)	147.75—210.81	172.11	12.81	113.02—189.52	150.15	17.88	117.54—171.71	141.67	13.13
	成熟期茎吸氮量 Mature stem nitrogen content (kg·hm^-2)	18.82—31.42	23.49	17.91	14.32—31.02	23.04	25.80	13.44—26.55	19.51	22.29
	成熟期叶吸氮量 Mature leaf nitrogen content (kg·hm^-2)	33.23—61.02	45.14	22.06	33.50—60.86	46.78	21.07	26.44—45.18	34.08	18.82
	成熟期穗吸氮量 Mature panicle nitrogen content (kg·hm^-2)	95.70—118.38	103.49	7.79	65.20—97.64	80.33	14.08	77.65—99.97	88.08	9.02
2023	抽穗期总吸氮量 Heading total nitrogen content (kg·hm^-2)	114.40—170.77	138.95	14.66	102.59—164.30	136.57	16.40	110.87—172.42	139.33	15.00
	抽穗期茎吸氮量 Heading stem nitrogen content (kg·hm^-2)	35.09—56.51	45.55	16.07	34.69—58.75	45.98	18.34	32.91—56.69	42.87	20.04
	抽穗期叶吸氮量 Heading leaf nitrogen content (kg·hm^-2)	63.13—100.67	78.60	18.27	55.14—96.11	75.77	18.41	63.48—97.67	79.86	13.82
	抽穗期穗吸氮量 Heading panicle nitrogen content (kg·hm^-2)	12.92—16.74	14.79	10.60	8.35—23.50	14.83	37.75	14.47—18.05	16.60	9.72
	成熟期总吸氮量 Mature total nitrogen content (kg·hm^-2)	150.41—217.61	176.49	13.52	115.91—193.42	153.69	17.95	119.02—176.15	144.55	13.76
	成熟期茎吸氮量 Mature stem nitrogen content (kg·hm^-2)	19.17—32.58	24.39	18.45	14.25—32.44	23.12	26.86	13.99—26.97	19.76	22.18
	成熟期叶吸氮量 Mature leaf nitrogen content (kg·hm^-2)	34.52—62.72	46.12	22.56	34.06—60.29	47.76	20.49	26.84—47.19	35.12	20.03
	成熟期穗吸氮量 Mature panicle nitrogen content (kg·hm^-2)	96.73—122.31	105.98	8.64	67.60—100.69	82.80	14.12	78.18—101.99	89.67	9.66

表5

图4

图5

图6

图7

表6

不同源库类型粳稻品系差异对氮素转运及特征值的影响"

年份 Year	指标 Trait	扬产35003 Yangchan35003			扬产35002 Yangchan35002			扬产35004 Yangchan35004
年份 Year	指标 Trait	变幅 Range	平均值 Mean	变异系数 CV (%)	变幅 Range	平均值 Mean	变异系数 CV (%)	变幅 Range	平均值 Mean	变异系数 CV (%)
2022	总氮素转运量 Total nitrogen transport (kg·hm^-2)	44.77—63.42	56.76	13.55	47.74—63.90	53.01	10.70	53.12—76.04	66.40	12.45
	茎鞘氮素转运量 Stem nitrogen transport (kg·hm^-2)	15.57—25.57	21.84	16.44	20.92—29.53	24.05	11.88	18.22—28.21	23.00	16.37
	叶片氮素转运量 Leaf nitrogen transport (kg·hm^-2)	29.20—38.83	34.92	13.52	26.82—34.37	28.96	10.65	34.17—47.83	43.40	11.27
	氮素转运效率 Nitrogen transportation efficiency (%)	41.02—47.77	45.51	6.85	39.75—48.73	43.62	8.56	52.37—56.84	55.56	3.84
	氮素转运贡献率 Nitrogen transportation contribution rate (%)	47.87—61.87	54.80	10.63	62.78—70.94	65.89	5.57	71.29—79.64	75.22	4.67
	氮素籽粒生产效率 Nitrogen grain yield production efficiency (kg·kg^-1)	52.64—61.81	56.62	7.09	45.32—55.90	51.67	9.09	51.62—58.50	55.29	5.23
	氮素干物质生产效率 Nitrogen dry matter production efficiency (kg·kg^-1)	115.85—143.12	132.44	9.10	98.63—128.25	112.21	11.30	112.33—125.29	119.91	4.80
	收获指数Harvest index (%)	38.05—45.44	42.91	7.73	43.58—47.86	46.14	4.08	44.92—47.44	46.11	2.25
	氮素收获指数 Nitrogen harvest index (%)	56.60—63.81	60.43	5.20	51.24—57.26	54.00	4.66	59.15—64.88	62.43	4.06
	氮肥偏生产力 Nitrogen partial productivity (kg·kg^-1)	34.00—46.06	40.18	13.76	26.63—36.61	31.84	14.05	27.27—37.72	32.34	14.73
2023	总氮素转运量 Total nitrogen transport (kg·hm^-2)	44.54—61.87	53.64	13.51	41.53—62.13	50.86	13.28	55.56—80.21	67.85	12.14
	茎鞘氮素转运量 Stem nitrogen transport (kg·hm^-2)	15.93—25.36	21.16	15.67	20.44—26.31	22.85	9.98	17.73—29.73	23.11	18.65
	叶片氮素转运量 Leaf nitrogen transport (kg·hm^-2)	28.61—37.94	32.48	14.81	21.09—35.82	28.01	16.38	36.64—50.48	44.74	9.78
	氮素转运效率 Nitrogen transportation efficiency (%)	40.57—45.26	43.50	4.97	40.05—46.81	42.18	7.54	52.37—57.24	55.55	4.09
	氮素转运贡献率 Nitrogen transportation contribution rate (%)	47.70—52.34	50.50	4.25	59.84—64.52	61.55	3.40	73.44—77.27	75.54	2.23
	氮素籽粒生产效率 Nitrogen grain yield production efficiency (kg·kg^-1)	51.73—62.07	58.24	7.75	46.23—58.26	53.24	10.07	52.62—58.57	56.30	4.64
	氮素干物质生产效率 Nitrogen dry matter production efficiency (kg·kg^-1)	113.78—143.15	131.10	9.74	98.29—127.48	111.36	11.39	111.34—125.16	119.67	5.40
	收获指数Harvest index (%)	41.96—45.51	44.51	3.84	45.70—49.53	47.87	3.82	46.34—47.84	47.06	1.37
	氮素收获指数 Nitrogen harvest index (%)	56.60—63.42	60.37	5.01	52.07—57.70	54.22	4.59	58.73—64.57	62.32	4.24
	氮肥偏生产力 Nitrogen partial productivity (kg·kg^-1)	34.57—51.08	42.48	16.94	27.65—38.60	33.45	14.56	28.54—39.61	33.55	14.23

表6

表7

不同源库类型粳稻产量、干物质及氮素积累量和氮素利用效率间的相关系数"

品系 Cultivar	指标 Trait	施氮量 Nitrogen application		产量 Grain yield		氮素转运效率 NTE		氮素转运贡献率 NTCR		籽粒生产效率 GYE		干物质生产效率 NDMPE		收获指数 HI		氮素收获指数 NHI		氮肥偏生产力 NPFP
扬产35003 Yangchan35003	施氮量 Nitrogen application	1.000		0.899**		-0.673		0.488		-0.556		-0.962**		0.750*		-0.992**		-0.965**
	产量 Grain yield	0.899**		1.000		-0.609		0.400		-0.196		-0.827*		0.954**		-0.870**		-0.774*
	有效穗数 Nitrogen transportation efficiency	0.905**		0.908**		-0.847**		0.154		-0.517		-0.946**		0.776*		-0.916**		-0.780*
	穗粒数 Spikelets per panicle	0.811*		0.902**		-0.288		0.645		-0.039		-0.674		0.905**		-0.749*		-0.746*
	千粒重 1000-grain weight	0.822*		0.880**		-0.265		0.699		-0.024		-0.643		0.877**		-0.763*		-0.784*
	结实率 Filled grain rate	-0.583		-0.533		0.388		-0.240		0.291		0.591		-0.522		0.561		0.566
	成熟期总干重 Mature total dry matter weight	0.966**		0.789*		-0.606		0.546		-0.626		-0.932**		0.629		-0.972**		-0.968**
	成熟期茎干重 Mature stem dry matter weight	0.950**		0.798*		-0.451		0.684		-0.490		-0.851**		0.662		-0.925**		-0.982**
	成熟期叶干重 Mature leaf dry matter weight	0.978**		0.852**		-0.609		0.540		-0.537		-0.912**		0.700		-0.970**		-0.972**
	成熟期穗干重 Mature panicle dry matter weight	0.831*		0.609		-0.620		0.386		-0.721*		-0.875**		0.448		-0.870**		-0.821*
	成熟期总吸氮量 Mature total nitrogen content	0.956**		0.783*		-0.744*		0.374		-0.718*		-0.982**		0.602		-0.977**		-0.928**
	成熟期茎吸氮量 Mature stem nitrogen content	0.928**		0.752*		-0.754*		0.323		-0.734*		-0.974**		0.575		-0.951**		-0.897**
	成熟期叶吸氮量 Mature leaf nitrogen content	0.977**		0.817*		-0.746*		0.394		-0.697		-0.987**		0.632		-0.993**		-0.950**
	成熟期穗吸氮量 Mature panicle nitrogen content	0.930**		0.745*		-0.724*		0.368		-0.724*		-0.964**		0.571		-0.955**		-0.904**
扬产35002 Yangchan35002	施氮量 Nitrogen application	1.000		0.904**		-0.885**		-0.522		-0.954**		-0.991**		0.370		-0.964**		-0.974**
	产量 Grain yield	0.904**		1.000		-0.984**		-0.795*		-0.742*		-0.948**		0.711*		-0.940**		-0.797*
	有效穗数 Nitrogen transportation efficiency	-0.595		-0.237		0.174		-0.295		0.751*		0.502		0.356		0.432		0.723*
	穗粒数 Spikelets per panicle	0.970**		0.914**		-0.876**		-0.600		-0.895**		-0.964**		0.436		-0.907**		-0.914**
	千粒重 1000-grain weight	0.987**		0.882**		-0.874**		-0.475		-0.956**		-0.979**		0.333		-0.977**		-0.973**
	结实率 Filled grain rate	0.852**		0.941**		-0.900**		-0.748*		-0.674		-0.893**		0.734*		-0.847**		-0.752*
	成熟期总干重 Mature total dry matter weight	0.983**		0.874**		-0.870**		-0.493		-0.956**		-0.970**		0.306		-0.962**		-0.962**
	成熟期茎干重 Mature stem dry matter weight	0.955**		0.786*		-0.784*		-0.404		-0.980**		-0.917**		0.131		-0.892**		-0.949**
	成熟期叶干重 Mature leaf dry matter weight	0.993**		0.870**		-0.855**		-0.484		-0.973**		-0.972**		0.283		-0.945**		-0.972**
	成熟期穗干重 Mature panicle dry matter weight	0.934**		0.893**		-0.901**		-0.543		-0.858**		-0.948**		0.454		-0.974**		-0.900**
	成熟期总吸氮量 Mature total nitrogen content	0.995**		0.884**		-0.872**		-0.491		-0.962**		-0.982**		0.327		-0.964**		-0.976**
	成熟期茎吸氮量 Mature stem nitrogen content	0.994**		0.906**		-0.899**		-0.547		-0.950**		-0.986**		0.361		-0.969**		-0.960**
	成熟期叶吸氮量 Mature leaf nitrogen content	0.994**		0.890**		-0.868**		-0.487		-0.954**		-0.983**		0.348		-0.962**		-0.974**
	成熟期穗吸氮量 Mature panicle nitrogen content	0.992**		0.863**		-0.856**		-0.462		-0.970**		-0.974**		0.290		-0.959**		-0.980**
扬产35004 Yangchan35004	施氮量 Nitrogen application	1.000	0.956**		-0.880**		0.761*		-0.844**		-0.965**		0.296		-0.968**		-0.980**
	产量 Grain yield	0.956**	1.000		-0.816*		0.728*		-0.681		-0.905**		0.532		-0.906**		-0.898**
	有效穗数 Nitrogen transportation efficiency	0.912**	0.937**		-0.766*		0.797*		-0.695		-0.894**		0.480		-0.887**		-0.855**
	穗粒数 Spikelets per panicle	0.889**	0.842**		-0.950**		0.493		-0.872**		-0.930**		0.153		-0.938**		-0.820*
	千粒重 1000-grain weight	0.941**	0.962**		-0.751*		0.717*		-0.643		-0.844**		0.469		-0.848**		-0.915**
	结实率 Filled grain rate	-0.663	-0.488		0.861**		-0.187		0.931**		0.773*		0.335		0.763*		0.667
	成熟期总干重 Mature total dry matter weight	0.987**	0.935**		-0.866**		0.730*		-0.828*		-0.938**		0.267		-0.946**		-0.978**
	成熟期茎干重 Mature stem dry matter weight	0.974**	0.941**		-0.892**		0.657		-0.817*		-0.932**		0.277		-0.944**		-0.944**
	成熟期叶干重 Mature leaf dry matter weight	0.975**	0.888**		-0.933**		0.655		-0.912**		-0.971**		0.155		-0.976**		-0.961**
	成熟期穗干重 Mature panicle dry matter weight	0.963**	0.910**		-0.751*		0.829*		-0.751*		-0.880**		0.306		-0.884**		-0.981**
	成熟期总吸氮量 Mature total nitrogen content	0.989**	0.920**		-0.918**		0.704		-0.890**		-0.972**		0.205		-0.980**		-0.971**
	成熟期茎吸氮量 Mature stem nitrogen content	0.986**	0.916**		-0.938**		0.686		-0.912**		-0.986**		0.189		-0.991**		-0.961**
	成熟期叶吸氮量 Mature leaf nitrogen content	0.975**	0.897**		-0.946**		0.652		-0.913**		-0.979**		0.170		-0.986**		-0.950**
	成熟期穗吸氮量 Mature panicle nitrogen content	0.991**	0.929**		-0.874**		0.745*		-0.851**		-0.949**		0.239		-0.958**		-0.982**

表7

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处理 Treatment	施氮量 Nitrogen application levels (kg·hm^-2)
处理 Treatment	基肥 Base fertilize	分蘖肥 Tillering fertilize	穗肥 Grain fertilize	总施肥量 Total fertilizer
N1	63.00	63.00	54.00	180.00
N2	78.75	78.75	67.50	225.00
N3	94.50	94.50	81.00	270.00
N4	110.25	110.25	94.50	315.00

年份 Year	品系 Cultivar	处理 Treatment	有效穗数 Number of effective panicle (×10⁴·hm^-2)	穗粒数 Spikelets per panicle	千粒重 1000-grain weight (g)	结实率 Filled grain rate (%)	产量 Grain yield (t·hm^-2)
2022	扬产35003 Yangchan35003	N1	195.86b	190.56b	26.4b	90.88a	8.29c
		N2	201.53b	220.36a	26.81a	85.29b	9.77b
		N3	203.56b	219.58a	26.89a	91.32a	10.06ab
		N4	213.59a	216.89a	26.88a	86.59b	10.71a
	扬产35002 Yangchan35002	N1	240.85b	184.26d	23.16b	64.59c	6.59c
		N2	255.96a	191.56c	23.49b	67.89b	7.72b
		N3	237.46b	207.65b	23.74ab	72.01a	8.05a
		N4	235.16b	216.59a	24.13a	71.56a	8.39a
	扬产35004 Yangchan35004	N1	190.26b	182.56b	24.46b	80.56b	6.79c
		N2	199.26b	182.89b	24.99a	86.59a	7.82b
		N3	219.56a	187.56b	25.01a	83.59ab	7.99b
		N4	223.59a	203.56a	25.32a	75.98c	8.59a
2023	扬产35003 Yangchan35003	N1	201.25b	196.90c	26.56b	91.99a	9.19c
		N2	205.63b	215.36b	26.76ab	90.55a	10.17b
		N3	207.90b	218.78ab	26.92a	89.26a	10.55ab
		N4	217.53a	225.85a	26.81ab	86.21b	10.89a
	扬产35002 Yangchan35002	N1	250.88a	189.13d	23.01b	67.46c	6.95c
		N2	255.60a	198.36c	23.47b	70.30b	8.12b
		N3	247.05a	212.35b	23.69ab	74.02a	8.49ab
		N4	237.60b	222.94a	24.03a	73.26a	8.71a
	扬产35004 Yangchan35004	N1	200.55b	185.23c	24.56b	87.26a	7.13c
		N2	208.80b	188.21bc	24.95a	86.52a	7.82b
		N3	229.80a	192.10b	25.15a	83.73b	8.45ab
		N4	237.60a	200.32a	25.23a	78.48c	8.99a
F-value
年份Year (Y)			0.684	0.322	0.001	0.265	0.588
品系Cultivar (C)			15.189**	3.192*	4.712*	13.181**	0.012
施氮量Nitrogen (N)			1.535	17.457**	0.808	0.068	9.859**

年份 Year	指标 Trait	扬产35003 Yangchan35003			扬产35002 Yangchan35002			扬产35004 Yangchan35004
年份 Year	指标 Trait	变幅 Range	平均值 Mean	变异系数 CV (%)	变幅 Range	平均值 Mean	变异系数 CV (%)	变幅 Range	平均值 Mean	变异系数 CV (%)
2022	有效穗数 Number of effective panicle (×10⁴·hm^-2)	191.15—217.72	203.64	4.07	229.79—257.10	242.36	4.42	182.09—234.05	208.17	8.35
	穗粒数 Spikelets per panicle	186.39—222.92	211.85	6.56	188.00—221.38	200.02	7.21	177.63—207.35	189.14	5.43
	千粒重 1000-grain weight (g)	26.42—27.07	26.77	0.90	22.91—24.34	23.63	1.84	24.25—25.52	24.95	1.59
	结实率 Filled grain rate (%)	80.57—93.78	88.52	4.70	62.56—73.43	69.01	5.22	75.21—87.10	81.68	5.75
	产量 Grain yield (t·hm^-2)	7.67—10.82	9.71	10.61	6.36—8.57	7.69	9.96	6.60—8.84	7.80	9.37
2023	有效穗数 Number of effective panicle (×10⁴·hm^-2)	196.89—221.13	208.08	3.64	234.61—258.77	247.78	3.82	192.01—248.51	219.19	8.56
	穗粒数 Spikelets per panicle	190.92—233.55	214.22	6.02	184.66—228.45	205.69	7.23	182.32—204.50	191.47	4.09
	千粒重 1000-grain weight (g)	26.63—26.95	26.76	0.58	22.87—24.13	23.55	1.74	24.46—25.33	24.97	1.19
	结实率 Filled grain rate (%)	85.48—94.27	89.50	3.44	65.63—76.44	71.26	4.76	80.34—92.10	84.00	5.50
	产量 Grain yield (t·hm^-2)	8.58—10.97	10.20	7.67	6.75—8.91	8.07	9.56	6.91—9.25	8.10	9.66

施氮量对不同源库类型粳稻物质积累与氮素吸收的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization Levels on Matter Accumulation and Nitrogen Uptake in Different Source and Library Types of Japonica Rice

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