关键词: 重茬栽植, G935砧木, 矮化自根砧, ‘宫藤富士’苹果, 树体生长, 果实产量

Abstract:

【Objective】 The effects of five different planting distances from the original planting line on the growth of young apple trees of G935 dwarf self-heeling rootstock Miyato Fuji were investigated and studied for four consecutive years, and the resistance to repeated cropping of G935 dwarf self-heeling rootstock grafted Miyato Fuji was evaluated, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the renewal of old and inefficient apple orchards and the upgrading of cultivation models in China. 【Method】 In the spring of 2018, the 12-year-old apple tree (Miyato Fuji/SH6/seedling stock) was planted, without soil sterilization, adding organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer and biological microbial fertilizer, and the G935 dwarf self-rooting stock Miyato Fuji seedlings (2-year root and 1-year dry) were directly planted at different distances (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 m) from the original planting line, and the fine spinning hammer tree shape was used for pruning. The differences in tree growth, leaf function, early flowering and early fruiting, and fruit yield and quality of young trees of G935 dwarf self-rooting rootstock Miyato Fuji were investigated under 5 treatments for 4 consecutive years after planting. 【Result】 Under the condition of replanting, there was no significant difference in the growth, leaf function, early flowering and early fruiting, and fruit yield and quality of G935 dwarf self-rooting rootstock Miyato Fuji at different distances from the original planting line. Within 4 years after replanting, with the growth of tree age, the height, trunk diameter and number of main branches of Fuji trees under five treatments increased year by year. In the fourth year after replanting, the average number of main branches in each treatment reached more than 30. From the second year of planting, the proportion of long branches under each treatment decreased year by year, and the proportion of short branches increased year by year. In the fourth year of continuous cropping, there was no significant difference in the growth of new shoots, chlorophyll content of leaves, net photosynthetic rate and one hundred leaves weight (fresh weight and dry weight) of Fuji trees under different treatments; the average yield per plant and fruit quality (average fruit weight, fruit shape index, titratable acid content, soluble solid content, and fruit solid-acid ratio) of Fuji fruit under all treatments were similar, without significant difference. 【Conclusion】 Under the condition of replanting in continuous cropping, there was no significant difference in the growth, leaf function, early flowering and early fruiting, fruit yield and quality of the young trees planted with G935 dwarf self-rooting rootstock Miyato Fuji at different distances from the original planting line four years before planting. The branch composition of the trees in each treatment was reasonable, the tree vigor was moderate and not weak, the flowering was early, and the fruit quality was good. G935 was suitable for replanting in continuous cropping, and the effect of resistance to repeated cropping was not affected by the distance from the original planting line.

Key words: continuous cropping cultivation, G935 rootstock, dwarfing rootstock, Miyato Fuji apple, tree growth, fruit yield