不同品种苜蓿中营养成分相互关系及生物产量

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.06.018

中国农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (6): 1269-1277.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.06.018

• 畜牧·兽医·资源昆虫 • 上一篇下一篇

不同品种苜蓿中营养成分相互关系及生物产量

李泽民,张晨,张崇玉(),张桂国()

山东农业大学动物科技学院/山东省动物生物工程与疾病防治重点实验室,山东泰安 271018

收稿日期:2019-02-25 接受日期:2019-10-28 出版日期:2020-03-16 发布日期:2020-04-09
通讯作者: 张崇玉,张桂国
作者简介:李泽民,E-mail：779575896@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家重大研发项目中韩合作计划(SQ2019YFE010236);国家“十三五”重大研发计划(2018YFD0502104-3);山东省现代农业产业技术体系产业创新团队项目(SDAIT-27-02);山东省现代农业产业技术体系产业创新团队项目(SDAIT-23-05);山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目(SDZD-2017);山东省良种工程南种北繁(2017LZN036);山东省“双一流”奖补资金(SDSYL2016);山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目(SDZDJS-2017)

The Relationship Between Nutrients and Biological Yield of Different Varieties of Alfalfa

ZeMin LI,Chen ZHANG,ChongYu ZHANG(),GuiGuo ZHANG()

College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control & Prevention of Shandong Province, Tai’an 271018, Shandong

Received:2019-02-25 Accepted:2019-10-28 Online:2020-03-16 Published:2020-04-09
Contact: ChongYu ZHANG,GuiGuo ZHANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】测定不同品种苜蓿营养成分含量与变异程度以及各纤维成分含量之间的相互关系;比较不同品种苜蓿的生物产量。【方法】选用WL343HQ、WL353HQ、WL354HQ、WL363HQ、WL366HQ、阿尔冈金、金皇后、中苜3号、中苜6号、鲁多、鲁黄1号、无棣苜蓿、鲁丰1号、保定苜蓿、中原804、敖汉苜蓿16个品种苜蓿,于2016年10月2日播种,每个品种设2次重复,小区随机排列,每个品种苜蓿种植面积为18 m ²（3 m×6 m）,行距30 cm,播种10行。2018年5月23日初花期时收割,测定其生物产量;制备32个样品,测定其干物质（DM）中的粗灰分（ASH）、粗蛋白质（CP）、粗脂肪（EE）、粗纤维（CF）、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）和木质素（ADL）等营养成分的含量。【结果】（1）不同品种苜蓿DM中,ASH、NDF、ADF、半纤维素（HCEL）、纤维素（CEL）和ADL的含量差异极显著（P<0.01）,EE的含量差异不显著（P=0.527）。WL363HQ苜蓿的ASH含量最高,为8.53%;金皇后苜蓿的CP含量最高,为27.19%;保定苜蓿的EE和CF含量最高,分别为3.01%、36.69%;中原804苜蓿的NDF、ADF、CEL和ADL含量最高,分别为57.02%、42.73%、34.43%和7.92%;不同品种苜蓿DM中的ASH、CP、EE、CF、NDF、ADF、ADL、CEL和HCEL含量的平均值分别为7.83%、21.58%、2.51%、33.25%、50.12%、36.76%、6.98%、29.43%和13.36%;变异系数（CV）在5.16%—12.06%之间。（2）苜蓿中ADF与NDF、CEL、ADL含量呈强相关,相关系数r分别为0.9756、0.9955、0.9455;CF与ADF、CEL、ADL之间的相关系数r分别为0.9114、0.8849、0.9375;CF（含AIA）与CF之间的相关系数r为0.9997;NDF与CEL、ADL、HCEL之间的相关系数r分别为0.9671、0.9396、0.8736;ADL（含AIA）与ADL之间的相关系数r为0.9989;RFA与ADF、CEL之间的相关系数r分别为0.9826、0.9700。（3）相对饲用价值（RFV）与NDF含量之间呈强相关（r=0.9938）,可用于苜蓿RFV的估测：RFV=287.0677-3.4709NDF（%） n=16 P<0.01。（4）不同品种苜蓿生物产量不同,保定苜蓿粗脂肪、碳水化合物、半纤维素和纤维素产量最高,分别为393.59、9 308.22、1 976.32和4 208.05 kg·hm ^-2;金皇后苜蓿粗蛋白质产量最高,为2 697.23 kg·hm ^-2,保定苜蓿消化能（DE）产量最高,为126 814.45 MJ·hm ^-2。【结论】不同品种苜蓿纤维成分含量之间呈强相关,苜蓿RFV值与NDF成分呈强相关;不同品种苜蓿生物产量不同。

关键词: 苜蓿, 营养成分, 生物产量

Abstract:

【Objective】To determine the content and the variation degree of nutritive and the relationship between the content of various fiber components in different alfalfa varieties. Compare the biological yields of different alfalfa varieties.【Method】Two experiments were conducted. In Experiment 1, selected 16 alfalfa varieties including WL343HQ, WL353HQ, WL354HQ, WL363HQ, WL366HQ, Algonuin, Golden empress, Zhongmu No.3, Zhongmu No.6, Luduo, Luhuang No. 1, Wudi, Lufeng No. 1, Baoding, Zhongyuan804, Aohan and planted on October 2, 2016. Each variety was set up twice and randomly arranged plots. The planting area of each alfalfa variety was 18 m ² (3 m×6 m) , row spacing was 30 cm, and 10 rows were sown. Harvested at the beginning of flowering on May 23, 2018 and determined the biological yield. In experiment 2,prepared 32 samples and determined the content of nutrients such as crude ash (ASH), crude protein (CP), crude fat (EE), crude fiber (CF),neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and lignin (ADL) in the dry matter (DM). 【Result】 The results showed that: (1) In alfalfa DM of different varieties, the contents of ASH, NDF, ADF, HCEL, CEL and ADL were significantly different (P<0.01), but the difference of EE content was not significantly (P=0.527). The ASH content of WL363HQ alfalfa was the highest, which was 8.53%. The highest CP content of golden empress alfalfa was 27.19%. The content of EE and CF in baoding 804 alfalfa was the highest, which were 3.01% and 36.69%, respectively. The content of NDF, ADF, CEL and ADL in zhongyuan 804 alfalfa was the highest, which were 57.02%, 42.73, 34.43% and 7.92% respectively. The average values of ASH, CP, EE, CF, NDF, ADF, ADL, CEL and HCEL in alfalfa DM of different varieties were 7.83%, 21.58%, 2.51%, 33.25%, 50.12%, 36.76%, 6.98%, 29.43% and 13.36%, respectively; The coefficient of variation (CV) is between 5.16% and 12.06%. (2) There was a strong correlation between ADF and CEL, ADL content in alfalfa, and the correlation coefficients were 0.9756, 0.9955 and 0.9455. The correlation coefficients between CF and ADF, CEL, ADL content were 0.9114, 0.8849 and 0.9375, respectively. The correlation coefficient between CF (including AIA) and CF was 0.9997. The correlation coefficients between NDF and CEL, ADL, HCEL content were 0.9671, 0.9396 and 0.8736, respectively. The correlation coefficient between ADL (including AIA) and ADL was 0.9989. The correlation coefficients between RFA and ADF, CEL were 0.9826 and 0.9700. (3) There was a strong correlation between relative feeding value (RFV) and NDF content (r=0.9938), which can be used for the estimation of alfalfa RFV: RFV=287.0677-3.4709 NDF (%) n=16 P<0.01. (4) The yields of different alfalfa varieties were different. Baoding alfalfa has the highest yield of crude fat, carbohydrate, hemiculose and cellulose, which were respectively 393.59, 9 308.22, 1 976.32 and 4 208.05 kg·hm ^-2; The yield of golden empress's crude protein was the highest, which was 2 697.23 kg·hm ^-2, and the yield of Baoding's digestible energy (DE) was the highest, which was 126 814.45 MJ·hm ^-2. 【Conclusion】There was a strong correlation between the content of different alfalfa fiber components, and the RFV value of alfalfa was strongly correlated with the NDF component; The yields of different alfalfa varieties are different.

Key words: alfalfa, nutrients, biological yield

李泽民,张晨,张崇玉,张桂国. 不同品种苜蓿中营养成分相互关系及生物产量[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(6): 1269-1277.

ZeMin LI,Chen ZHANG,ChongYu ZHANG,GuiGuo ZHANG. The Relationship Between Nutrients and Biological Yield of Different Varieties of Alfalfa[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(6): 1269-1277.

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品种名称 Name	灰分 ASH (%)	粗蛋白质 CP (%)	粗脂肪 EE (%)	粗纤维 CF (%)	中性洗涤纤维NDF(%)	酸性洗涤纤维ADF(%)	半纤维素HCEL (%)	纤维素CEL (%)	木质素ADL (%)	消化能 DE (MJ·kg^-1)	奶牛能量单位 NND
WL343HQ	7.94	23.03	2.55	29.68	47.16	33.35	13.80	26.72	6.29	10.49	1.71
WL353HQ	7.44	22.82	2.36	32.52	47.89	36.07	11.82	28.96	6.78	10.42	1.70
WL354HQ	8.23	24.09	2.73	27.39	41.65	30.25	11.41	24.62	5.30	10.95	1.79
WL363HQ	8.53	23.70	2.40	28.97	42.96	31.98	10.98	25.89	5.76	10.73	1.76
WL366HQ	7.97	20.97	2.78	32.23	46.66	34.12	12.54	26.81	6.88	10.41	1.70
阿尔冈金Algonuin	8.02	20.32	2.53	35.53	50.04	37.95	12.08	30.23	7.35	10.07	1.64
金皇后 Golden empress	7.87	27.19	2.44	31.70	51.14	36.45	14.68	28.93	7.17	10.26	1.67
中苜3号 Zhongmu No.3	7.52	18.72	2.72	35.15	53.71	39.69	14.02	32.17	7.15	9.86	1.60
中苜6号 Zhongmu No.6	7.13	18.86	2.20	36.07	50.07	36.70	13.37	29.04	7.29	10.16	1.66
鲁多Luduo	7.73	22.43	2.82	30.50	46.57	33.77	12.80	27.12	6.33	10.55	1.72
鲁黄1号 Luhuang No 1	7.24	25.08	2.44	33.39	53.48	38.05	15.43	30.50	7.25	10.12	1.65
无棣Wudi	7.85	19.99	2.02	35.38	52.52	39.14	13.38	31.19	7.57	9.87	1.60
鲁丰1号 Lufeng No 1	8.28	18.90	2.71	35.13	50.93	37.31	13.62	29.91	7.09	9.97	1.62
保定Baoding	7.43	18.37	3.01	36.69	55.59	40.47	15.11	32.18	7.88	9.70	1.57
中原804 Zhongyuan804	7.77	21.52	2.15	36.10	57.02	42.73	14.30	34.43	7.92	9.57	1.55
敖汉Aohan	8.36	19.28	2.31	35.58	54.56	40.18	14.38	32.23	7.63	9.62	1.56
SEM	0.06	0.35	0.06	0.43	0.47	0.38	0.16	0.38	0.10	0.10	0.02
P	P<0.001	P<0.001	0.527	P<0.001	P<0.001	P<0.001	P<0.001	P<0.001	P<0.001	P<0.001	P<0.001

	平均值 Average value	标准差 Standard deviation	变异系数 Coefficient of variation
ASH	7.83	0.40	5.16
CP	21.58	2.60	12.06
EE	2.51	0.27	10.78
CF	33.25	2.91	8.76
NDF	50.12	4.40	8.78
ADF	36.76	3.39	9.21
ADL	6.98	0.74	10.54
CEL	29.43	2.69	9.15
HCEL	13.36	1.32	9.90
RFV	113.10	15.36	13.58

品种名称 Name	粗蛋白质 CP (kg·hm^-2)	粗脂肪 EE (kg·hm^-2)	碳水化合物 CHO (kg·hm^-2)	半纤维素 HCEL (kg·hm^-2)	纤维素 CEL (kg·hm^-2)	消化能 DE (MJ·hm^-2)	奶牛能量单位NND (hm²)
WL343HQ	2253.71	250.03	6506.62	1351.02	2615.69	102681.58	17998.47
WL353HQ	2455.22	254.23	7249.90	1271.74	3116.11	112153.82	19658.98
WL354HQ	2322.58	263.25	6262.22	1099.66	2374.13	105541.02	18499.74
WL363HQ	2490.31	252.43	6869.20	1153.67	2720.30	112789.02	19770.33
WL366HQ	2451.23	324.87	7980.74	1465.29	3134.38	121632.53	21320.62
阿尔冈金Algonuin	2437.47	303.09	8290.90	1449.29	3626.14	120732.75	21162.89
金皇后Golden empress	2697.23	242.20	6198.24	1456.48	2869.70	101782.05	17840.78
中苜3号Zhongmu No.3	1991.85	289.57	7556.72	1491.12	3422.49	104929.85	18392.60
中苜6号Zhongmu No.6	1602.59	187.13	6099.31	1135.65	2467.11	86333.43	15132.60
鲁多Luduo	1850.75	232.54	5530.30	1056.07	2237.58	87010.45	15251.28
鲁黄1号Luhuang No.1	2444.71	237.69	6360.28	1504.39	2973.62	98659.81	17293.44
无棣Wudi	1884.46	190.32	6612.01	1261.65	2939.84	93034.50	16307.31
鲁丰1号Lufeng No.1	2351.96	337.10	8725.49	1695.36	3721.97	124131.94	21758.78
保定Baoding	2402.24	393.59	9308.22	1976.32	4208.05	126814.45	22229.03
中原804 Zhongyuan804	2661.73	266.23	8476.87	1768.02	4257.91	118381.97	20750.79
敖汉Aohan	2533.91	303.58	9182.16	1889.75	4235.35	126764.82	22220.33

不同品种苜蓿中营养成分相互关系及生物产量

The Relationship Between Nutrients and Biological Yield of Different Varieties of Alfalfa

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y	a	b	x	r	P<
CP	42.3190	-0.4352	NDF	0.8996	0.01
CP	40.9850	-0.5548	ADF	0.8842	0.01
ADF	-0.8917	0.7513	NDF	0.9756	0.01
ADF	-0.0745	1.2516	CEL	0.9955	0.01
ADF	6.3668	4.3563	ADL	0.9455	0.01
CF	4.4468	0.7835	ADF	0.9114	0.01
CF	5.0984	0.9565	CEL	0.8849	0.01
CF	7.3407	3.7134	ADL	0.9375	0.01
CF	101.4800	-1.9437	NFE	0.8899	0.01
CF+AIA	0.4001	1.0195	CF	0.9997	0.01
NDF	3.6470	1.5790	CEL	0.9671	0.01
NDF	10.8958	5.6218	ADL	0.9396	0.01
NDF	13.3550	2.7524	HCEL	0.8736	0.01
NDF	80.0210	-1.5833	NDSC	0.9678	0.01
ADL	-0.3358	0.2485	CEL	0.9105	0.01
ADL+AIA	0.2188	1.0192	ADL	0.9989	0.01
RFV	287.0677	-3.4709	NDF	0.9938	0.01
RFV	276.9435	-4.4568	ADF	0.9826	0.01
RFV	275.9090	-5.5315	CEL	0.9700	0.01

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