不同铵硝配比条件下BPDS-Fe(Ⅱ)对玉米幼苗耐低铁胁迫差异的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.07.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】作物生产中缺铁问题十分普遍，筛选耐低铁品种具有重要意义。文中采用BPDS（4,7-diphenyl- l,10-phenanthroline disulfonic acid）专性螯合Fe(Ⅱ)，探究BPDS-Fe(Ⅱ)对2种玉米自交系表型特征与生理特性的影响，旨在解析2个自交系耐低铁胁迫差异及其可能机制，为筛选耐低铁品种提供理论依据。【方法】选用2个玉米自交系Wu312与Ye478，以铵硝比1﹕1与1﹕7为供氮条件，分别设置14与10个不同的BPDS-Fe(Ⅱ)浓度，观察植株表型特征，测定叶片SPAD值、地上部与根系干物重、根冠比，测定地上部铁、锰、铜、锌浓度以及新叶活性铁浓度。利用SPAD-502 plus叶绿素仪测定新叶SPAD值；将烘干样品剪碎后，用HNO₃-H₂O₂溶液消煮，经密闭微波消煮后，用ICP-AES测定消煮液中的微量元素；取新叶尖端剪碎，称2.00 g鲜样，按照1﹕10比例加入1 mol·L^-1盐酸，震荡5 h后过滤，用ICP-AES进行测定。【结果】在铵硝比1﹕1的供氮条件下，根系产生根系分泌物，根际pH在24 h内从6.0显著下降至约4.0；与对照处理（不供铁）相比，当BPDS-Fe(Ⅱ)浓度为40 μmol·L^-1时，Wu312的地上部干物重显著下降了31%，Ye478则显著下降了64%；Wu312根系干物重无显著变化，但Ye478显著下降了63%；二者的根冠比均已超出正常范围（正常值：0.20—0.28），地上部与根系生长受到抑制。调整铵硝比为1﹕7后，当BPDS-Fe(Ⅱ)浓度为40 μmol·L^-1时，Wu312地上部干物重是对照幼苗的8倍，Ye478则接近10倍，植株生长恢复正常；Ye478的叶片SPAD值、地上部与根系干物重、新叶活性铁浓度均显著高于Wu312，表现出生长与保绿性方面的显著优势；当BPDS-Fe(Ⅱ)浓度为0.1 μmol·L^-1时，Wu312被竞争致死，无法发育出第五片叶，Ye478仍能维持生长，发育至第五片叶，叶片返绿明显；地上部铁浓度在不同自交系间无显著差异；植株地上部铁含量与锰、铜、锌浓度呈显著负相关。【结论】降低NH₄⁺-N的供应比例有利于改善根际pH，减少根系分泌物；Ye478为耐低铁品系，Wu312为铁敏感品系；Ye478与Wu312在0.1 μmol·L^-1浓度条件下表型出现最显著差异；地上部与根系生物量、叶片SPAD值是表征玉米幼苗耐低铁胁迫差异的最佳指标，根冠比以及新叶活性铁浓度是良好指标；玉米幼苗耐低铁胁迫的可能机制包括根系分泌质子，地上部将光合作用产物优先分配给根系，以及铁在植物体内的转运与再分配。

关键词: 玉米, BPDS, 二价铁, 耐低铁胁迫, 铵硝比

Abstract: 【Objective】Iron deficiency in crop production is a very common problem in both developing and developed regions. And screening of Fe-efficient genotypes has become more and more meaningful and promising. In this study, two maize inbred lines Wu312 and Ye478 were used to investigate the effects of BPDS-Fe(Ⅱ) on the phenotypes and physiological traits in maize. This work aimed at unraveling the difference in tolerance to iron deficiency between these two maize inbred lines and their mechanisms. 【Method】BPDS (4,7-diphenyl-l,10-phenanthrolinedisulfonic acid) was used to chelate ferrous iron supplied with two different NH₄⁺-N/NO₃^--N ratios. Phenotypes were observed and some physiological traits were measured, including SPAD value of young leaves, dry matter weights of shoot and root, active Fe concentration in young leaves, and Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn concentrations in shoots. SPAD value was determined by SPAD-502 plus. Samples were cut into pieces and digested by HNO₃-H₂O₂. Trace elements were determined by ICP-AES. Leaf samples of 2.00 g were soaked in 20 mL HCl (mol·L^-1) and determined by ICP-AES.【Result】Root exudation was generated in two inbred lines and the solution pH decreased from 6.0 to approximately 4.0 during the last 24 hours when supplied with NH₄NO₃. Compared with the treatment without iron, shoot dry weights of Wu312 and Ye478 in the treatment of 40 μmol·L^-1 BPDS-Fe(Ⅱ) were decreased by 31% and 64%, respectively; root dry weight of Wu312 showed no significant difference; and root dry weight of Ye478 was declined by 63%. The ratios of R/S of both inbred lines were out of range (normal value, 0.20-0.28). Solution pH has decreased by no more than one unit and plants turned to become healthy when supplied with 0.5 mmol·L^-1 NH₄⁺-N and 3.5 mmol·L^-1 NO₃^--N. Ye478 has the ability to sustain more dry weights in shoots and roots, higher leaf SPAD value as well as active Fe concentration than Wu312, showing remarkable advantages of growth and staying green. When supplied with 0.1 μmol·L^-1 BPDS-Fe(Ⅱ), Wu312 could not compete with Ye478 to produce its fifth leaf, finally turned out to be dead. However, Ye478 produced the fifth leaf and turned to be green obviously. There was no significant difference in shoot Fe concentrations between these two lines. Shoot Fe content was all negatively correlated to Mn, Cu and Zn concentrations in shoots. 【Conclusion】Reduction of the ratio of NH₄⁺-N has improved the solution pH and inhibited root exudation. Ye478 is a Fe-efficient genotype and Wu312 is a Fe-inefficient genotype. The most significant difference of phenotypes between the two inbred lines occurred with 0.1 μmol·L^-1 BPDS-Fe(Ⅱ). Dry matter weights of shoot and root, together with leaf SPAD value were identified to be most suitable physiological traits charactering the tolerance to iron deficiency of maize seedlings. R/S ratios and active Fe concentration were found to be good indicators. Possible mechanisms contained the release of protons, preferential allocation of biomass to roots, and the translocation and redistribution of iron.

Key words: maize, BPDS, ferrous iron, tolerance to iron deficiency, ammonium/nitrate ratios

徐健钦，陈旭蕾，于福同. 不同铵硝配比条件下BPDS-Fe(Ⅱ)对玉米幼苗耐低铁胁迫差异的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2017, 50(7): 1223-1233.

XU JianQin, CHEN XuLei, YU FuTong. Effects of BPDS-Fe(Ⅱ) on the Difference in Tolerance to Iron Deficiency of Maize Seedlings Under Different Ammonium/Nitrate Ratios[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017, 50(7): 1223-1233.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

链接本文: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.07.005

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/Y2017/V50/I7/1223

参考文献

[1] Samira R, Stallmann A, Massenburg L N, Long T A.Ironing out the issues: Integrated approaches to understanding iron homeostasis in plants. Plant Science, 2013, 210(9): 250-259.

[2] Marschner H. Mineral nutrition of higher plants. San Diego: Academic Press, 1995.

[3] Mesías M, Seiquer I, Navarro M P. Iron nutrition in adolescence. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 2013, 53(11): 1226-1237.

[4] Emma D, Brennan C S, Li W, Bokhari F. Iron deficiency-is there a role for the food industry? International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2010, 45(45): 2443-2448.

[5] Hansen N C, Hopkins B G, Ellsworth J W, Jolley V D. Iron nutrition in field crops. The Netherlands: Springer, 2006: 23-59.

[6] 付力成, 王人民, 孟杰, 万吉丽. 叶面锌、铁配施对水稻产量、品质及锌铁分布的影响及其品种差异. 中国农业科学, 2010, 43(24): 5009-5018.

Fu L C, Wang R M, Meng J, Wan J L. Effect of foliar application of zinc and iron fertilizers on distribution of zinc and iron, quality and yield of rice grain. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2010, 43(24): 5009-5018. (in Chinese)

[7] Yust A K, Wehner D J, Fermanian T W. Foliar application of N and Fe to kentucky bluegrass. Agronomy Journal, 1984, 76(6): 934-938.

[8] Mortvedt J J. Correcting iron deficiencies in annual and perennial plants: Present technologies and future prospects. Plant and Soil, 1991, 130(1/2): 273-279.

[9] Christensen R C, Hopkins B G, Jolley V D, Olsen K M, Haskell C M, Chariton N J, Webb B L. Elemental sulfur impregnated with iron as a fertilizer source for kentucky bluegrass. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 2012, 35(12): 1878-1895.

[10] Chakraborty B, Singh P N, Shukla A, Mishra D S. Physiological and biochemical adjustment of iron chlorosis affected low-chill peach cultivars supplied with different iron sources. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 2012, 18(2): 141-148.

[11] Marschner H, Römheld V, Kissel M. Different strategies in higher plants in mobilization and uptake of iron. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 1986, 9(3): 695-713.

[12] Marschner H, Römheld V. Strategies of plants for acquisition of iron. The Netherlands: Springer, 1994: 375-388.

[13] Takagi S, Nomoto K, Takemoto T. Physiological aspects of mugineic acid, a possible phytosiderophore of graminaceous plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 1984, 7(1/5): 469-477.

[14] 章爱群, 斯琴朝克图, 刘牛, 贺立源. 低铁胁迫对不同耐低磷玉米生长及磷、铁养分吸收的影响. 作物杂志, 2014(6): 111-115.

Zhang A Q, Siqinchaoketu, Liu N, He L Y. Effects of Fe-deficiency on plant growth and uptake of P and Fe in different P-genotype maize. Crops, 2014(6): 111-115. (in Chinese)

[15] 龙文靖, 万年鑫, 朱从桦, 郭萍, 查丽, 谢梦琳, 孔凡磊, 袁继超. 不同供Fe³⁺水平对玉米苗期生长的影响. 玉米科学, 2015(4): 78-83.

Long W J, Wan N X, Zhu C H, Guo P, Zha L, Xie M L, Kong F L, Yuan J C. Effect of different Fe³⁺ levels on growth of maize seedlings. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2015(4): 78-83. (in Chinese)

[16] 高丽, 史衍玺, 杨守祥. 花生耐低铁性的基因型差异及其生理特性研究. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2003, 9(4): 480-483.

Gao L, Shi Y X, Yang S X. Study on resistance to iron deficiency in peanut cultivars and physiological traits. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2003, 9(4): 480-483. (in Chinese)

[17] Chaney R L, Brown J C, Tiffin L O. Obligatory reduction of ferric chelates in iron uptake by soybeans. Plant Physiology, 1972, 50(2): 208-213.

[18] Brown J C, Olsen R A. Factors related to iron uptake by dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants: III. Competition between root and external factors for Fe. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 1980, 2(6): 661-682.

[19] Bell P F, Chen Y, Potts W E, Chaney R L, Angle J S. A reevaluation of the Fe(II), Ca(II), Zn(II), and proton formation constants of 4,7-diphenyl-1, 10-phenanthrolinedisulfonate. Biological Trace Element Research, 1991, 30(2): 125-144.

[20] Johnson G V, Lopez A, Foster N L V. Reduction and transport of Fe from siderophores. Plant and Soil, 2002, 241(1): 27-33.

[21] Jolley V D, Brown J C. Iron inefficient and efficient oat cultivars: II. Characterization of phytosiderophore released in response to Fe deficiency stress. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 1989, 12(7): 923-937.

[22] Jolley V D, Brown J C, Nugent P E. A genetically related response to iron deficiency stress in muskmelon. Plant and Soil, 1990, 130(1): 87-92.

[23] Lytle C M, Jolley D V, Brown J C. Iron-efficient and iron-inefficient oats and corn respond differently to iron-deficiency stress. Plant and Soil, 1991, 130(1): 165-172.

[24] Liu Y, Hou X, Xiao Q, Yi Q, Bian S, Hu Y, Liu H, Zhang J, Hao X, Cheng W, Li Y, Huang Y. Genetic analysis in maize foundation parents with mapping population and testcross population: Ye478 carried more favorable alleles and using QTL information could improve foundation parents. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2016, 7: 1417.

[25] 李登海, 毛丽华, 杨今胜, 柳京国, 张永慧. 玉米优异种质资源—478自交系的选育与应用. 莱阳农学院学报, 2005, 22(3): 159-164.

Li D H, Mao L H, Yang J S, Liu J G, Zhang Y H. Breeding process and utilization of excellent maize inbred line 478. Journal of Laiyang Agricultural College, 2005, 22(3): 159-164. (in Chinese)

[26] Peng Y F, Niu J F, Peng Z P, Zhang F S, Li C J. Shoot growth potential drives N uptake in maize plants and correlates with root growth in the soil. Field Crops Research, 2010, 115(1): 85-93.

[27] Tian Q Y, Chen F J, Zhang F S, Mi G H. Genotypic difference in nitrogen acquisition ability in maize plants is related to the coordination of leaf and root growth. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 2006, 29(2): 317-330.

[28] Liu J X, Chen F J, Olokhnuud C, Glass A D M, Tong Y P, Zhang F S, Mi G H. Root size and nitrogen-uptake activity in two maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines differing in nitrogen-use efficiency. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 2009, 172(2): 230-236.

[29] Li P, Chen F, Cai H, Liu J, Pan Q, Liu Z, Gu R, Mi G, Zhang F, Yuan L. A genetic relationship between nitrogen use efficiency and seedling root traits in maize as revealed by QTL analysis. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2015, 66(11): 3175-3188.

[30] Liu J C, Li J S, Chen F J, Zhang F S, Ren T H, Zhuang Z J, Mi G H. Mapping QTLs for root traits under different nitrate levels at the seedling stage in maize (Zea mays L.). Plant and Soil, 2008, 305(1): 253-265.

[31] 苏云松, 郭华春, 陈伊里. 马铃薯叶片SPAD值与叶绿素含量及产量的相关性研究. 西南农业学报, 2007, 20(4): 690-693.

Su Y S, Guo H C, Chen Y L. Relationship between SPAD readings chlorophyll contents and yield of potato (Solanum tubersosum L.). Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Science, 2007, 20(4): 690-693. (in Chinese)

[32] 熊明彪, 何建平, 宋光煜. 根分泌物对根际微生物生态分布的影响. 土壤通报, 2002, 33(2): 145-148.

Xiong M B, He J P, Song G Y. Effect of root exudations on ecological distribution of rhizospheric microorganisms. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2002, 33(2): 145-148. (in Chinese)

[33] 贺永华, 沈东升, 朱荫湄. 根系分泌物及其根际效应. 科技通报, 2006, 22(6): 761-766.

He Y H, Shen D S, Zhu Y M. Root exudates and their rhizospheric effects. Bulletin of Science and Technology, 2006, 22(6): 761-766. (in Chinese)

[34] 罗永清, 赵学勇, 李美霞. 植物根系分泌物生态效应及其影响因素研究综述. 应用生态学报, 2012, 23(12): 3496-3504.

Luo Y Q, Zhao X Y, Li M X. Ecological effect of plant root exudates and related affecting factors: A review. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2012, 23(12): 3496-3504. (in Chinese)

[35] 陈平, 封克, 汪晓丽, 盛海君. 营养液pH对玉米幼苗吸收不同形态氮素的影响. 扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2003, 24(3): 46-50.

Chen P, Feng K, Wang X L, Sheng H J. Effects of pH on uptake of different forms of nitrogen by young corn. Journal of Yangzhou University (Agriculture and Life Sciences Edition), 2003, 24(3): 46-50. (in Chinese)

[36] Zou C, Shen J, Zhang F, Guo S, Rengel Z, Tang C. Impact of nitrogen form on iron uptake and distribution in maize seedlings in solution culture. Plant and Soil, 2001, 235(2): 143-149.

[37] 郭世伟, 邹春琴, 张福锁, 江荣风. 铁营养状况及不同形态氮素对玉米体内不同铁库铁再利用的影响. 土壤学报, 2001, 38(4): 464-470.

Guo S W, Zou C Q, Zhang F S, Jiang R F. Effects of iron supply and different nitrogen form on remobilization of iron from different iron pools in maize plant. Acta Pedologica Sninca, 2001, 38(4): 464-470. (in Chinese)

[38] 高丽, 史衍玺. 石灰性土壤中花生耐低铁基因型差异的研究. 中国油料作物学报, 2003, 25(4): 89-92.

Gao L, Shi Y X. Study on tolerance to iron deficiency in peanut genotypes on calcareous soils. Chinese Journal of Crop Sciences, 2003, 25(4): 89-92. (in Chinese)

[39] Onyezili F N, Ross J D. Iron deficiency stress responses of five gram-inaceous monocots. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 1993, 16(5): 953-974.

[40] 龙文靖, 万年鑫, 辜涛, 查丽, 钟蕾, 孔凡磊, 袁继超. 玉米幼苗耐低铁能力的综合评价及其预测. 植物遗传资源学报, 2015, 16(4): 734-742.

Long W J, Wan N X, Gu T, Zha L, Zhong L, Kong F L, Yuan J C. Comprehensive evaluation and forecast of low iron tolerant ability in maize seeding stage. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2015, 16(4): 734-742. (in Chinese)

[41] 高丽, 史衍玺, 周健民. 花生缺铁黄化的敏感时期及耐低铁品种的筛选指标. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2009, 15(4): 917-922.

Gao L, Shi Y X, Zhou J M. Study on the sensitive period and screening index for iron deficiency chlorosis in peanut. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2009, 15(4): 917-922. (in Chinese)

[42] 翟衡, 李佳, 邢全华, 赵春芝. 抗缺铁葡萄砧木的鉴定及指标筛选. 中国农业科学, 1999, 32(6): 34-39.

Zhai H, Li J, Xing Q H, Zhao C Z. Screening of Fe -efficient grapevine rootstocks and identification index. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 1999, 32(6): 34-39. (in Chinese)

[43] Oserkowsky J. Quantitative relation between chlorophyll and iron in green and chlorotic pear leaves. Plant Physiology, 1933, 8(8): 449-468.

[44] Köseo?lu A T, Açikgöz V. Determination of iron chlorosis with extractable iron analysis in peach leaves. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 1995, 18(18): 153-161.

[45] Zohlen A, Tyler G. Differences in iron nutrition strategies of two calcifuges, Carex pilulifera L. and Veronica officinalis L.. Annals of Botany, 1997, 80(4): 553-559.

[46] Takkar P N, Kaur N P. HCl method for Fe²⁺ estimation to solve iron chlorosis in plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 1984, 7(1/5): 81-90.

[47] 郭世伟, 江荣风, 张福锁. 铁营养状况及不同形态氮素对玉米体内铁再利用效率影响的研究. 核农学报, 1998, 12(5): 293-298.

Guo S W, Jiang R F, Zhang F S. Effects of iron and different nitrogen form on iron reutilization efficiency in maize plants. Acta Agriculturae Nucleatae Sinica, 1998, 12(5): 293-298. (in Chinese)

[48] Pierson E E, Clark R B. Ferrous iron determination in plant tissue. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 1984, 7(1/5): 107-116.

[49] 邹春琴, 陈新平, 张福锁, 毛达如. 活性铁作为植物铁营养状况诊断指标的相关研究. 植物营养与肥料学报, 1998, 4(4): 399-406.

Zou C Q, Chen X P, Zhang F S, Mao D R. Study on the correlation between the active Fe and Fe nutritional status of plants. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 1998, 4(4): 399-406. (in Chinese)

[50] Li S, Zhou X, Chen J, Chen R. Is there a strategy I iron uptake mechanism in maize? Plant Signaling and Behavior, 2016, DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2016.1161877.

[51] Li L, Chen O S, Ward D M, Kaplan J. CCC1 is a transporter that mediates vacuolar iron storage in yeast. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2001, 276(31): 29515-29519.

[52] Kim S A, Punshon T, Lanzirotti A, Li L, Alonzo J M, Ecker J R, Kaplan J, Guerinot M L. Localization of iron in Arabidopsis seed requires the vacuolar membrane transporter VIT1. Science, 2006, 314(5803): 1295-1298.