不同饲料原料中胆碱生物学效价的评定

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.20.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究采用斜率比法对玉米、豆粕、菜粕和玉米酒精糟（distillers dried grains，DDGS）中胆碱的生物学效价（the relative bioavailability，RBV）进行评估。【方法】试验选用１日龄爱拔益加（ＡＡ）肉仔鸡132只，随机分为22个处理组，其中S1—S6组为标准曲线组，A1—A4组为玉米日粮组，B1—B4组为豆粕日粮组，C1—C4为菜粕日粮组，D1—D4为DDGS日粮组，每个处理6个重复，每个重复1只鸡。基础日粮采用醇提法将玉米、豆粕、菜粕和DDGS中的胆碱洗脱后配制而成。在基础日粮中添加不同剂量的氯化胆碱配制6种梯度的标准日粮，另将4种待测原料分别以10%、20%、40%和100%的比例替换洗脱过的相应原料配制试验日粮。分别以1—21日龄的平均日增重、肝脏脂肪含量和全血胆碱浓度为衡量指标，以比斜率法计算待测原料的相对生物学利用率。【结果】以平均日增重为指标，玉米、豆粕、菜粕和DDGS中胆碱RBV分别为63.95%、104.7%、37.98%和72.09%；以全血胆碱浓度为指标，玉米、豆粕、菜粕和DDGS中胆碱RBV分别为94.73%、184.11%、23.63%和134.23%。【结论】以日增重和全血胆碱含量为指标衡量饲料原料中胆碱生物学效价是可行的，但由于选择指标的不同，所得数值亦有所差异；4种参试原料中胆碱的相对生物学利用率从高到低依次为豆粕、 DDGS、玉米和菜粕。

关键词: 玉米, 豆粕, 菜粕, DDGS, 胆碱, 生物学效价

Abstract: 【Objective】This study was conducted to evaluate the relative bioavailability (RBV) of choline in corn, soybean meal, canola meal and distillers dried grains with soluble (DDGS). 【Method】A total of 132 one-day-old broilers were divided into 22 groups (6 replicates per group and each replicate had 1 broiler). Groups S1-S6 were standard curve group, Groups A1-A4 were corn groups, Group B1-B4 were soybean meal groups, Group C1-C4 were canola meal groups, and Groups D1-D4 were DDGS groups. The basic diet contained the four feedstuffs above with lower choline content through being extracted with methanol/alcohol. All the test diets had the same composition as that of the basic diet except choline content. A choline response curve was generated using crystalline choline chloride added to the basic diet. The experiment diets were made from the basic diet in which the washed feedstuff was replaced with the intact one with 10%, 20%, 40%, and 100%. In the slope ratio assays to determine choline availability, measured by average daily gain (ADG) and choline concentration in blood.【Result】 Using ADG as response criterion, the choline RBV of corn, soybean meal, canola meal, and DDGS were 63.95%, 104.7%, 37.98%, and 72.09%. Using choline concentration in blood as response criterion, the RBV of corn, soybean meal, canola meal, and DDGS were 94.73%, 184.11%, 23.63%, and 134.23%.【Conclusion】It is possible to evaluate the bioavailability of choline in feedstuffs using ADG and choline concentration in blood as criteria. But the values will be different in different criteria. From high to low, choline RBV of the four feedstuffs were soybean meal, DDGS, corn and canola meal, respectively.

Key words: corn, soybean meal, canola meal, DDGS, RBV, choline

王斯佳, 蔡辉益, 刘国华, 闫海洁. 不同饲料原料中胆碱生物学效价的评定[J]. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(20): 4260-4268.

WANG Si-Jia, CAI Hui-Yi, LIU Guo-Hua, YAN Hai-Jie. Evaluation of Bioavailability of Choline in Various Feedstuffs[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(20): 4260-4268.

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