小菊品种‘钟山金桂’与亚菊属细裂亚菊F1 回交后代的性状遗传表现

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.18.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】对菊属栽培菊‘钟山金桂’与亚菊属细裂亚菊F1回交后代的性状遗传表现进行研究，获得观赏性和抗性改良的优异属间新种质。【方法】以‘钟山金桂’×细裂亚菊F1为父本，‘钟山金桂’为轮回亲本开展回交试验。对获得的回交后代进行细胞学鉴定，对BC1代的形态性状观测，对经过越冬期后田间苗脚芽萌发量进行统计分析，并对低温胁迫下植株体内生理指标进行测定。【结果】共获得17个回交后代株系。回交后代株系的形态出现分离，与亲本有显著差异，回交后代在花型上出现了托桂型、半托桂型和非托桂型的分离，大部分花型为托桂型，且部分植株花序直径大于‘钟山金桂’，回交后代所有株系的花色均为黄色。回交后代的抗寒性比‘钟山金桂’强，遗传了细裂亚菊的抗寒特性。【结论】通过回交不仅可提高远缘杂交后代的观赏品质，还从细裂亚菊获得的耐寒性也能够稳定遗传。

关键词: 菊花, 细裂亚菊, 远缘杂种, 回交, 观赏性, 抗寒性, 遗传

Abstract: 【Objective】Genetic presentation of BC1 between ‘Zhongshanjingui’ and ‘Zhongshanjingui’×Ajania przewalskii. was studied in order to obtain new germplasm with higher ornamental and cold tolerance.【Method】Backcross hybridizations were made between Dendranthema morifolium variety ‘Zhongshanjingui’ (as female) and ‘Zhongshanjingui’×Ajania przewalskii (as male). The backcross hybrids were obtained and their hybridity was confirmed by a combination of morphological, cytological analysis and resistance comparison.【Result】A total of 17 backcross hybrids were obtained. The hybrids differentiated obviously from their parents in many morphological characters and all hybrid lines bloomed normally. There happened three flower types, i.e. standard anemone type, mid-anemone type and non-anemone type, and most were anemone type. Some hybeids’ inflorescence diameter was greater than ‘Zhongshanjingui’, the flower color was the same as ‘Zhongshanjingui’. Compared with the male parent, the ornamental value was greatly improved. The chromosome number of ‘Zhongshanjingui’ and ‘Zhongshanjingui’×Ajania przewalskii were 54 and 45, respectively. Their backcross hybrids chromosome number was between 41-54. In comparison of cold resistance, almost all the hybrids showed higher tolerance than ‘Zhongshanjingui’, which illustrated the backcross hybrids preserved the cold tolerance of Ajania przewalskii. 【Conclusion】By using backcross between intergeneric hybrid F1 and its chrysanthemum parent, not only the intergeneric hybrid’s ornamental vatue can be improved, but new germplasm of chrysanthemum also can be created.

Key words: Chrysanthemum×morifolium, Ajania przewalskii, intergeneric hybridization, backcross, ornamental, cold tolerance, genetic

朱文莹, 刘新春, 房伟民, 管志勇, 陈素梅, 蒋甲福, 陈发棣. 小菊品种‘钟山金桂’与亚菊属细裂亚菊F1 回交后代的性状遗传表现[J]. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(18): 3812-3819.

ZHU Wen-Ying, LIU Xin-Chun, FANG Wei-Min, GUAN Zhi-Yong, CHEN Su-Mei, JIANG Jia-Fu, CHEN Fa-Di. Genetic Presentation of BC1 Between ‘Zhongshanjingui’ and ‘Zhongshanjingui’ × Ajania przewalskii[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(18): 3812-3819.

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