中国农业科学 ›› 2012, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (16): 3256-3264.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.16.004

• 耕作栽培·生理生化·农业信息技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

成都平原两熟区籼粳稻品种籽粒灌浆特性

 李旭毅, 池忠志, 姜心禄, 郑家国   

  1. 1.四川省农业科学院作物研究所,成都 610066
    2. 德阳市水稻专家大院,四川广汉 618300
  • 收稿日期:2012-04-05 出版日期:2012-08-15 发布日期:2012-05-21
  • 通讯作者: 通信作者郑家国,Tel:028-84504245;E-mail:zhjguo580@126.com
  • 作者简介:李旭毅,Tel:028-84504245;E-mail:lixuyi_2005@sohu.com
  • 基金资助:

    “十二五”国家科技支撑计划重大项目(2011BAD16B05,2012BAD04B13)、农业部“公益性行业(农业)科研”专项(200903050-4)、农业部重大研究专项(超级稻配套栽培技术开发与集成)

Analysis on Grain Filling Characteristics of Indica and Japonica Rice in Rapeseed (Wheat) - Rice Planting Area in Chengdu Basin

 LI  Xu-Yi, CHI  Zhong-Zhi, JIANG  Xin-Lu, ZHENG  Jia-Guo   

  1. 1.四川省农业科学院作物研究所,成都 610066
    2. 德阳市水稻专家大院,四川广汉 618300
  • Received:2012-04-05 Online:2012-08-15 Published:2012-05-21

摘要: 【目的】研究成都平原两熟区籼、粳稻品种籽粒灌浆特性及产量形成的差异,为成都平原种植粳稻提供依据。【方法】以籼稻品种辐优838、泸优578及粳稻品种辽星15、辽星19为材料进行田间试验,利用Richards方程对不同品种强、弱势粒的灌浆过程进行比较,进而分析不同品种灌浆特性与抽穗后物质积累和转运及产量形成的关系。【结果】粳稻品种中辽星19不仅库容量大,结实率也高,其产量显著高于辽星15,且与籼稻品种辐优838、泸优578相当。籼、粳稻稻品种籽粒灌浆类型分别为强、弱势粒同步灌浆型和异步灌浆型,并且穗型大小对籼、粳稻灌浆结实的影响也存在差异。辽星19抽穗后干物质转运能力更接近当地的籼稻品种,有利于籽粒灌浆的启动;其每穗粒数虽显著高于辽星15,但弱势粒的灌浆速度并未降低,且达到灌浆峰值后下降减缓,灌浆时间也有所延长,最终结实率得到显著提高。【结论】粳稻品种辽星19每穗粒数虽多,但其抽穗后干物质转运能力得到加强,籽粒灌浆得到改善,仍能实现较高的结实率,因此在成都平原仍表现出较好的产量潜力。

关键词: 粳稻, 籽粒灌浆, 结实率, 北粳南引

Abstract: 【Objective】In order to provide a scientific basis for planting japonica rice in Chengdu basin, the difference in grain filling characteristics and yield formation between indica and japonica rice was studied in rapeseed (wheat) - rice planting area in Chengdu basin.【Method】A field experiment was conducted with indica rice varieties Fuyou 838 and Luyou 578, japonica rice varieties Liaoxing 15 and Liaoxing 19. The grain-filling processes of superior and inferior grains of different varieties were studied with Richards equation. On that basis, the relationship between grain filling characteristics with dry matter accumulation and transformation after heading and yield formation was analyzed in different varieties.【Result】With bigger sink potential and higher seed setting rate, the grain yield of Liaoxing 19 was significantly higher than Liaoxing 15 in japonica rice, even achieved the level of indica rice (Fuyou 838 and Luyou 578).The types of indica and japonica rice initiated their grain filling for superior and inferior grains were synchronous type and asynchronous type, respectively, and the effects of panicle size on grain filling and seed setting were also different between indica and japonica rice. The ability of dry matter transformation after heading for Liaoxing 19 was closer to local indica rice, so it was beneficial to start its grain-filling. Although grains per spike of Liaoxing 19 were significantly higher than Liaoxing 15, the grain filling rate of its inferior grains was not decreased, and the grain filling rate declined slower after reaching peak, grain filling time was also prolonged to some extent, at last the seed setting rate was improved significantly.【Conclusion】 The japonica rice varieties of Liaoxing 19 had more grains per spike, but with the improved dry matter transformation after heading, it still gained higher seed setting rate by better grain-filling. So it has the high yield potentiality for planting in Chengdu basin.

Key words: japonica rice, grain filling, seed setting rate, introducing japonica rice from the North to the South