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Journal of Integrative Agriculture  2026, Vol. 25 Issue (9): 3537-3547    DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2025.02.028
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TaRLK-1B: A novel wheat gene conferring resistance to leaf rust revealed by a genome-wide association study

Shujuan Liu1, 2*, Li Zhao1, 2*, Chenyang Hao2*, Yuxue Pan2, Mengjiao Guo2, Yilin Huang2, Haixia Liu2, Jian Hou2, Zaifeng Li3#, Tian Li2#, Xinhong Chen1#, Xueyong Zhang2#

1 Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering Breeding/College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
2 State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
3 College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China

 Highlights 

● The wheat leaf rust resistance gene TaRLK-1B was identified through genome-wide association study in the advanced backcross-nested association mapping plus inter-crossed population.

● TaRLK-1B positively regulates resistance to leaf rust in wheat.

● Pyramiding of minor-effect QTLs significantly enhances resistance to leaf rust in wheat.

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摘要  

叶锈病是一种对小麦极具破坏性的叶部病害,对全球小麦生产造成了严重威胁。在本研究中,对来自回交-互交-巢式关联作图(AB-NAMIC)群体的590份材料进行了成株期抗叶锈病表型鉴定,结合660K基因型数据进行全基因组关联分析(GWAS),鉴定到位于1B、2A、2B和7D染色体上的显著数量性状位点(QTL),并定位了位于1B染色体上的候选基因TaRLK-1B。基于TaRLK-1B单倍型开发的CAPS标记能够有效区分抗病和感病品种。该基因编码一种膜定位的富含亮氨酸重复序列的类受体蛋白激酶(LRR-RLK),受到叶锈菌侵染诱导表达。在小麦中敲除该基因导致抗叶锈病能力降低,进一步证实了其作为正向调控因子在防御叶锈病中的作用。此外,TaRLK-1B可能与类受体胞质激酶TaRLCK1B相互作用,从而促进免疫信号转导。研究结果还表明,聚合多个抗病QTL可以显著提高小麦的叶锈病抗性。本研究为抗病基因提供了新的见解,并提供了有价值的QTL信息,有助于小麦抗病分子标记辅助育种。



Abstract  

Leaf rust is a highly destructive foliar disease in wheat which causes major constraints in wheat production worldwide.  In this study, we conducted a comprehensive assessment of adult plant resistance to leaf rust in 590 accessions from the advanced backcross-nested association mapping plus inter-crossed (AB-NAMIC) population.  We used 660K genotype data to perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS), which identified significant quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on chromosomes 1B, 2A, 2B, and 7D, and then focused on the candidate gene TaRLK-1B on chromosome 1B.  A cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker developed based on TaRLK-1B haplotypes could effectively differentiate between resistant and susceptible varieties.  This gene encodes a membrane-localized leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase (LRR-RLK) that is upregulated in response to the fungal infection that causes leaf rust.  Targeted knockout of TaRLK-1B in wheat led to reduced resistance to leaf rust, underscoring its essential role as a positive regulator of the defense against this disease.  We propose that TaRLK-1B interacts with the receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase TaRLCK1B, potentially facilitating immune signal transduction.  Our findings also demonstrate that pyramiding minor effect QTLs significantly increases resistance to leaf rust.  This study provides novel insights into rust resistance genes and valuable QTL information, which can improve marker-assisted wheat breeding efforts.

Keywords:  GWAS       LRR-RLK        resistance gene        leaf rust        wheat  
Received: 21 October 2024   Accepted: 13 January 2025 Online: 18 February 2025  
Fund: This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFF1003402), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32272081 and 32161143007), and the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing, China (6242032).
About author:  #Correspondence Xueyong Zhang, E-mail: zhangxueyong@caas.cn; Xinhong Chen, E-mail: cxh2089@126.com; Tian Li, E-mail: litian@caas.cn; Zaifeng Li, E-mail: lzf7551@aliyun.com * These authors contributed equally to this study.

Cite this article: 

Shujuan Liu, Li Zhao, Chenyang Hao, Yuxue Pan, Mengjiao Guo, Yilin Huang, Haixia Liu, Jian Hou, Zaifeng Li, Tian Li, Xinhong Chen, Xueyong Zhang. 2026. TaRLK-1B: A novel wheat gene conferring resistance to leaf rust revealed by a genome-wide association study. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 25(9): 3537-3547.

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