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Special Issue:
农业生态环境-氮素合辑Agro-ecosystem & Environment—Nitrogen
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| Comparison of nitrogen losses by runoff from two different cultivating patterns in sloping farmland with yellow soil during maize growth in Southwest China |
| HE Shu-qin1, MA Rui2, WANG Na-na2, WANG Shuang2, LI Ting-xuan2, ZHENG Zi-cheng2 |
1 College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R.China
2 College of Resources Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R.China
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摘要
坡耕地氮素流失是农业面源污染的重要原因之一，严重影响着水环境。本研究以顺坡垄作、横坡垄作坡面为研究对象，通过两年(2017-2018年)野外定外观测，开展玉米生长期黄壤坡耕地地表径流、壤中流及其氮素流失特征。研究结果表明：随着降雨量的增加，地表径流量和壤中流量也随之增加。顺坡垄作的地表径流量和氮素流失量均显著高于横坡垄作；横坡垄作0 -20 cm和20 -40 cm壤中流量和氮素流失量均显著高于顺坡垄作。地表径流的总氮流失量占径流总氮流失的54.95 -81.25%，因此，我们推断地表径流是研究区氮素流失的主要途径。不同耕作措施下可溶性总氮是氮素流失的主要形式，其流失量占氮素流失量的55.82-94.41%，而可溶性有机氮占可溶性总氮流失量的52.81-87.06%。因此，我们推断可溶性氮为研究区氮素流失的主要形式。应在玉米苗期，进一步开展氮素流失防控方面研究，以减少通过径流途径铵态氮流失造成的环境污染。
Abstract The loss of N in farmland is an important cause of agricultural non-point source pollution, which seriously impacts the aquatic environment. A two-year (2017–2018) experiment was conducted to investigate the characteristics of runoff and N losses under different tillage practices. Taking downslope ridge planting and cross ridge planting as the experimental treatments, the characteristics of surface runoff, interflow, and N losses in sloping farmlands with yellow soil were studied throughout the maize growth period. As the rainfall increased, the surface runoff and interflow also increased. The surface runoff and N losses in the surface runoff of downslope ridge planting were significantly higher than those of cross ridge planting. The interflow volumes and N losses in the 0–20 and 20–40 cm soil layers of the cross ridge planting were significantly higher than those of the downslope ridge planting. The total N (TN) losses from surface runoff accounted for 54.95–81.25% of the N losses from all pathways. Therefore, we inferred that surface runoff is the main pathway of N losses. Dissolved total N (DTN) was the main form of N loss under different tillage measures, as it accounted for 55.82–94.41% of the TN losses, and dissolved organic N accounted for 52.81–87.06% of the DTN losses. Thus, we inferred that dissolved N is the main form of N loss. Future research must focus on the prevention and control of the N losses during the maize seedling stage to reduce the environmental pollution caused by ammonium N through runoff.
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Received: 29 July 2020
Accepted: 06 November 2020
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| Fund: The authors sincerely acknowledge the financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41271307) and the Key R&D Project of Sichuan Province, China (2019YFS0463). |
| About author: HE Shu-qin, E-mail: angelhsq@163.com; Correspondence ZHENG Zi-cheng, Tel:+86-28-86291325, E-mail: zichengzheng@126.com |
Cite this article:
HE Shu-qin, MA Rui, WANG Na-na, WANG Shuang, LI Ting-xuan, ZHENG Zi-cheng.
2022.
Comparison of nitrogen losses by runoff from two different cultivating patterns in sloping farmland with yellow soil during maize growth in Southwest China . Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 21(1): 222-234.
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