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| Optimizing planting density to improve growth, yield and resources use efficiencies of winter oilseed rape under ridge-furrow film mulching |
| Xiaobo Gu1, Zhikai Cheng1, Yadan Du1, Huanjie Cai1, Yupeng Li1, Yuannong Li1, Heng Fang2, Shikun Sun1 |
1 Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
2 Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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摘要 垄膜沟播因具有显著的节水增产效应，在西北旱区广泛应用。种植密度也是影响作物产量的一个重要因素，不同环境条件下（如垄膜沟播种植模式下），作物高产高效的适宜种植密度会发生一定变化。目前，地膜覆盖与种植密度互作对冬油菜生理生长、产量和资源（水分、光能）利用效率的影响机制尚不明晰。因此，本研究设置2种覆膜种植方式（F：垄膜沟播；N：传统平作不覆膜）和3个种植密度（LD：100000株/hm2；MD：150000株/hm2；HD：200000株/hm2），通过2017-2020年三年田间试验，探究分析了冬油菜叶绿素含量（LCC）、叶片净光合速率（Pn）、叶面积指数（LAI）、地上部干物质量（ADM）、根系生长分布、产量、耗水量（ET）、水分利用效率（WUE）和光能利用效率（RUE）对不同覆膜种植方式和种植密度的响应规律。研究结果表明垄膜沟播可显著提高冬油菜LCC、Pn、LAI和ADM，促进冬油菜根系生长发育；在蕾薹期后，MD种植密度可更好促进冬油菜生理生长。FMD处理在耗水量与FLD和FHD相当，比NLD、NMD和NHD显著降低的前提下，可得到最高的冬油菜产量，分别比FLD、FHD、NLD、NMD和NHD显著增产34.8–46.0%、6.7–9.6%、87.8–108.3%、38.7–50.3%和50.2–61.8%。而且，与NHD（当地常规种植方式和种植密度处理）相比，FMD处理冬油菜WUE和RUE分别显著提高88.5–94.0% and 29.0–41.8%。因此，FMD处理是西北地区冬油菜节水增产、资源高效利用的适宜栽培管理模式。
Abstract Ridge-furrow film mulching has been widely used as a water-saving and yield-increasing planting pattern in arid and semiarid regions. Planting density is also a vital important influencing factor of crop yield, and the optimal planting density will change in different environments (such as ridge-furrow film mulching). How the combination of film mulching and planting density affect the growth, physiology, yield, and water and radiation use efficiencies of winter oilseed rape is not clear yet. Therefore, a three-year (from 2017 to 2020) field experiment was conducted to explore the responses of leaf chlorophyll content (LCC), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), leaf area index (LAI), aboveground dry matter (ADM), root growth and distribution, yield, evapotranspiration (ET), water use efficiency (WUE) and radiation use efficiency (RUE) of winter oilseed rape to different film mulching patterns (F, ridge-furrow planting with plastic film mulching over the ridges; N, flat planting without mulching) and planting densities (LD, 100,000 plants ha–1; MD, 150,000 plants ha–1; HD, 200,000 plants ha–1). The results showed that F treatments obtained significant greater LCC, Pn, LAI and ADM, and a stronger root system than treatments without film mulching throughout the whole winter rapeseed growing seasons. Winter oilseed rape in MD treatments had a better physiological (LCC and Pn) and growth (LAI, ADM, taproot and lateral root) conditions than LD and HD at late growth period after stem-elongation. Grain yield in FMD was the greatest, and was 34.8–46.0%, 6.7–9.6%, 87.8–108.3%, 38.7–50.3%, and 50.2–61.8% significantly greater than that in FLD, FHD, NLD, NMD, and NHD, respectively. Furthermore, FMD consumed equivalent ET with FLD and FHD, 12.2–18.4%, 14.5–20.3%, and 14.6–20.4% markedly lower ET than NLD, NMD, and NHD. Finally, WUE and RUE in FMD were significantly improved by 88.5–94.0% and 29.0–41.8% in comparison to NHD (local conventional planting pattern and planting density for winter rapeseed). In summary, FMD is a favorable cultivation management strategy for winter oilseed rape to save water, increase yield and improve resources utilization efficiencies in northwest China.
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Online: 23 May 2024
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| About author: Xiaobo Gu, E-mail: guxiaobo@nwafu.edu.cn; #Correspondence Huanjie Cai, Tel: +86-29-87082133, E-mail: caihj@nwsuaf.edu.cn; Shikun Sun, Tel: +86-29- 87082297, E-mail: sksun@nwafu.edu.cn |
Cite this article:
Xiaobo Gu, Zhikai Cheng, Yadan Du, Huanjie Cai, Yupeng Li, Yuannong Li, Heng Fang, Shikun Sun.
2024. Optimizing planting density to improve growth, yield and resources use efficiencies of winter oilseed rape under ridge-furrow film mulching. Journal of Integrative Agriculture,
Doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.04.028
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