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| Germinated brown rice relieves hyperlipidemia by alleviating gut microbiota dysbiosis |
| REN Chuan-ying1, 2, ZHANG Shan1, HONG Bin1, GUAN Li-jun1, 2, HUANG Wen-gong3, FENG Jun-ran1, SHA Di-xin1, YUAN Di1, LI Bo1, JI Ni-na4, LIU Wei5#, LU Shu-wen1, 2# |
1 Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, P.R.China
2 Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Food Processing, Harbin 150086, P.R.China
3 Safety and Quality Institute of Agricultural Products, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, P.R.China
4 Soybean Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, P.R.China
5 The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, P.R.China
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摘要
高脂血症是一种与饮食相关的常见代谢紊乱疾病。人们认为含有皮层和胚芽的糙米有助于缓解高脂血症。本研究通过高脂饮食建立了高脂血症大鼠模型，通过该模型在血脂、脂肪酶、载脂蛋白和炎症方面探索了发芽糙米（Gbrown）和发芽黑米（一种发芽的黑色糙米，Gblack）的降血脂潜力。进而通过16S rDNA测序测定了接受不同饮食干预高脂血症大鼠的肠道微生物。本研究结果发现，Gbrown和Gblack均可减轻大鼠的高脂血症，表现出降低TC、TG、LDL-C和载脂蛋白B，以及升高HDL-C、HL、LPL、LCAT和载脂蛋白质A1的效果。Gbrown/Gblack还可以减轻高脂血症大鼠的炎症，表现出TNF-α、IL-6和ET-1的降低。同时，16S rDNA测序发现Gbrown/Gblack饮食提高了高脂血症大鼠肠道微生物的丰度和多样性。在门级水平，Gbrown/Gblack在高脂血症大鼠中降低了厚壁菌门（Firmicutes），增加了拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes），并降低了F/B比率。在属级水平，Gbrown/Gblack在高脂血症大鼠中降低了链球菌属（Streptococcus），并增加了瘤胃球菌属（Ruminococcus）和异杆菌属（Allobaculum）。同时，本研究还确定一些与脂质代谢相关的差异微生物属，如Gblack组中的Lachnospiraceae和Ruminococcus，Gbrown组中的Phascolarctobacterium、Dorea、Turicibacter和Escherichia Shigella。值得注意的是，Gblack对高脂血症的有益效果强于Gbrown。总之，Gbrown/Gblack的饮食干预可以通过减轻肠道微生物的失调有助于缓解高脂血症。
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is a frequent metabolic disorder that is closely associated with diet. It is believed that brown rice, containing the outer bran layer and germ, is beneficial for the remission of hyperlipidemia. This study established a rat model of hyperlipidemia by feeding a high-fat diet. The hypolipidemic potential of germinated brown rice (Gbrown) and germinated black rice (a germinated black-pigmented brown rice, Gblack) were explored in the model rats, mainly in the aspects of blood lipids, lipases, apolipoproteins, and inflammation. The gut microbiota in hyperlipidemic rats receiving diverse dietary interventions was determined by 16S rDNA sequencing. The results showed that the intervention of Gbrown/Gblack alleviated the hyperlipidemia in rats, evidenced by decreased TC, TG, LDL-C, and apolipoprotein B, and increased HDL-C, HL, LPL, LCAT, and apolipoprotein A1. Gbrown/Gblack also weakened the inflammation in hyperlipidemia rats, evidenced by decreased TNF-α, IL-6, and ET-1. In addition, 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that the diet of Gbrown/Gblack elevated the abundance and diversity of gut microbiota in hyperlipidemia rats. At the phylum level, Gbrown/Gblack decreased Firmicutes, increased Bacteroidetes, and decreased the F/B ratio in hyperlipidemia rats. At the genus level, Gbrown/Gblack decreased Streptococcus and increased Ruminococcus and Allobaculum in hyperlipidemia rats. Some differential microbial genera relating to lipid metabolism were also determined, such as the Lachnospira and Ruminococcus in the Gblack group, and the Phascolarctobacterium, Dorea, Turicibacter, and Escherichia-Shigella in the Gbrown group. Notably, the beneficial effect of Gblack was stronger than Gbrown. To sum up, the dietary interventions of Gbrown/Gblack contributed to the remission of hyperlipidemia by alleviating the dysbiosis of gut microbiota.
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Received: 02 November 2022
Accepted: 29 December 2022
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| Fund:
This study was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFD2100902), the Outstanding Youth Project of Provincial Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation and Leaping Project, China (2022JCQN005), the Research Funding for Scientific Research Institutes in Heilongjiang Province, China (CZKYF2022-1-B021), and the National Rice Industry Technology System, China.
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| About author: #Correspondence LU Shu-wen, Tel/Fax: +86-451-86610253, E-mail: shuwenl@sina.com; LIU Wei, Tel/Fax: +86-451-86695508, E-mail: 13101608999@163.com |
Cite this article:
REN Chuan-ying, ZHANG Shan, HONG Bin, GUAN Li-jun, HUANG Wen-gong, FENG Jun-ran, SHA Di-xin, YUAN Di, LI Bo, JI Ni-na, LIU Wei, LU Shu-wen.
2023.
Germinated brown rice relieves hyperlipidemia by alleviating gut microbiota dysbiosis. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 22(3): 945-957.
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