Characterization of wheat monogenic lines with known Sr genes and wheat cultivars for resistance to three new races of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici in China

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2022.08.125

Journal of Integrative Agriculture

2023, Vol. 22

Issue (6): 1740-1749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.08.125

Plant Protection

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Characterization of wheat monogenic lines with known Sr genes and wheat cultivars for resistance to three new races of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici in China

WU Xian-xin^{1, 2*}, ZANG Chao-qun^3*, ZHANG Ya-zhao², XU Yi-wei², WANG Shu⁴, LI Tian-ya^2#, GAO Li^1#

¹State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R.China

²College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, P.R.China

³Institute of Plant Protection, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, P.R.China

⁴Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, P.R.China

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摘要

由禾柄锈菌（Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici）引起的小麦秆锈病是小麦生产中最为严重的真菌病害之一，严重威胁着全球小麦的安全生产。种植抗病品种是防治该病害最为经济有效的方法，而抗病品种的选育要以小麦秆锈菌种群毒力变化为依据。为此，我们持续不断的开展小麦秆锈菌种群毒力变异监测工作，在鉴定中发现了3个来自于小麦秆锈菌转主寄主小檗上产生的锈孢子的新小种34C0MRGQM、34C3MKGQM和34C6MTGSM，特别是发现小种34C0MRGQM和34C6MTGSM对我国小麦抗病育种中广泛使用的抗病基因Sr5和Sr11具有联合毒力，在我国鉴定的13310个菌株中尚未发现对Sr5和Sr11具有联合毒力的菌株。为此，本研究利用42个已知小麦秆锈病抗病基因（Sr）的小麦品系对这3个小种的毒力特征进行了分析，同时鉴定了69份我国主要小麦品种对这3个小种在苗期和成株期的抗性水平。结果表明含有Sr9e、Sr17、Sr21、Sr22、Sr26、Sr30、Sr31、Sr33、Sr35、Sr36、Sr37、Sr38、Sr47、SrTmp和SrTt3的单基因系在苗期和成株期对34C0MRGQM、34C3MKGQM和34C6MTGSM均具有良好的抗性。相反，含有Sr5、Sr6、Sr7b、Sr9a、Sr9d、Sr9f、Sr9g、Sr9b、Sr16、Sr24、Sr28和Sr39的单基因系在苗期和成株期都对这些小种高度感病。含有Sr8a、Sr10、Sr11、Sr13、Sr14、Sr15、Sr18、Sr20、Sr19、Sr23、Sr25、Sr27、Sr29、Sr32和Sr34的单基因品系对供试小种中的一个或2个表现抗性。在供试的69份小麦材料中，有41份小麦品种对供试小种在苗期和成株期都表现出良好的抗性，占59.4%。进一步分子检测表明，有20个品种可能含有抗病基因Sr31，9个品种含有Sr38，4个品种含有Sr2，没有检测到含有Sr24、Sr25和Sr26的品种。研究结果为开展兼抗高致病性的Ug99及我国小麦秆锈菌抗病基因的合理利用与抗病育种提供理论依据。

Abstract

Wheat stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), is a potentially devastating fungal disease of wheat worldwide. The present study was to evaluate the resistance of 42 wheat monogenic lines with known stem rust resistance (Sr) genes and 69 wheat cultivars to three new Pgt races (34C0MRGQM, 34C3MKGQM, and 34C6MTGSM) identified from aeciospores at the seedling and adult-plant stages. The phenotyping results revealed that monogenic lines harboring resistance genes Sr9e, Sr17, Sr21, Sr22, Sr26, Sr30, Sr31, Sr33, Sr35, Sr36, Sr37, Sr38, Sr47, SrTmp, and SrTt3 were effectively resistant to all three Pgt races at the seedling and adult-plant stages. In contrast, monogenic lines containing Sr5, Sr6, Sr7b, Sr9a, Sr9d, Sr9f, Sr9g, Sr9b, Sr16, Sr24, Sr28, and Sr39 were highly susceptible to these races at both seedling and adult-plant stages. The other lines with Sr8a, Sr10, Sr11, Sr13, Sr14, Sr15, Sr18, Sr20, Sr19, Sr23, Sr25, Sr27, Sr29, Sr32, and Sr34, displayed variable levels of resistance to one or two of the tested races. Seedling infection types (ITs) and adult-plant infection responses (IRs) indicated that 41 (59.4%) of the wheat cultivars showed high resistance to all the three races. Molecular marker analysis showed that four wheat culitvars likely carried Sr2, 20 wheat culitvars likely carried Sr31, 9 wheat culitvars likely carried Sr38, and none of the cultivars carried Sr24, Sr25, and Sr26. Our results provide a scientific basis for rational utilization of the tested Sr genes and wheat cultivars against these novel Pgt races.

Keywords: wheat stem rust Puccinia graminis f. sp.Tritici wheat cultivars resistance genes

Received: 06 April 2022 Online: 24 June 2022 Accepted: 25 May 2022

Fund:

This study was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province, China (2020-MS-204) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31701738).

About author: WU Xian-xin, E-mail: 2019200128@stu.syau.edu.cn; #Correspondence LI Tian-ya, E-mail: litianya11@syau.edu.cn; GAO Li, E-mail: xiaogaosx@hotmail.com * These authors contributed equally to this study.

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WU Xian-xin, ZANG Chao-qun, ZHANG Ya-zhao, XU Yi-wei, WANG Shu, LI Tian-ya, GAO Li. 2023.

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