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Special Issue:
农业生态环境-有机碳与农业废弃物还田合辑Agro-ecosystem & Environment—SOC
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| Long-term straw addition promotes moderately labile phosphorus formation, decreasing phosphorus downward migration and loss in greenhouse vegetable soil |
| ZHANG Yin-Jie1, GAO Wei2, LUAN Hao-an3, TANG Ji-wei1, LI Ruo-nan4, LI Ming-Yue2, ZHANG Huai-zhi1, HUANG Shao-wen1 |
1 Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R.China
2 Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300192, P.R.China
3 College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, P.R.China
4 Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, P.R.China |
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摘要
本研究将XANES技术与化学连续浸提法相结合，探究土壤磷的形态和转化。10年的定位试验包括4个处理：100%化肥处理（4CN）、50%猪粪（2CN+2MN）、50%秸秆（2CN+2SN）、50%猪粪配合秸秆替代化肥处理（2CN+2MSN）。与单施化肥相比，有机替代施肥处理提高0−40 cm土层的活性磷含量，增幅为13.7-54.2%，主要组分是MgHPO4·3H2O和CaHPO4。有机替代施肥处理降低稳定性磷含量，羟基磷灰石（Ca5(PO4)3OH）是主要组分，其比例随着土壤深度的增加呈增加的趋势。秸秆施用（2CN+2SN和2CN+2MSN处理）提高中等活性磷含量，降低底土（60−100 cm）活性磷的含量。此外，施用秸秆显著降低总磷、可溶性无机磷（DIP）和颗粒磷的淋失量和浓度。可溶性无机磷是磷淋溶流失的主要形态，其与可溶性有机碳和NO3--N存在共迁移现象。偏最小二乘路径模型表明，施用秸秆通过增加中等活性磷和降低底土中的活性磷来减少磷的浸出。总体而言，施用秸秆有利于制定可持续的磷管理措施，因为其增加了上层土壤中的活性磷可供植物吸收利用，并减少磷的迁移和淋失。
Abstract Phosphorus (P) leaching is a major problem in greenhouse vegetable production with excessive P fertilizer application. Substitution of inorganic P fertilizer with organic fertilizer is considered a potential strategy to reduce leaching, but the effect of organic material addition on soil P transformation and leaching loss remains unclear. The X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy technique can determine P speciation at the molecular level. Here, we integrated XANES and chemical methods to explore P speciation and transformation in a 10-year field experiment with four treatments: 100% chemical fertilizer (4CN), 50% chemical N and 50% manure N (2CN+2MN), 50% chemical N and 50% straw N (2CN+2SN), and 50% chemical N and 25% manure N plus 25% straw N (2CN+2MSN). Compared with the 4CN treatment, the organic substitution treatments increased the content of labile P by 13.7–54.2% in the 0–40 cm soil layers, with newberyite and brushite being the main constituents of the labile P. Organic substitution treatments decreased the stable P content; hydroxyapatite was the main species and showed an increasing trend with increasing soil depth. Straw addition (2CN+2SN and 2CN+2MSN) resulted in a higher moderately labile P content and a lower labile P content in the subsoil (60–100 cm). Moreover, straw addition significantly reduced the concentrations and amounts of total P, dissolved inorganic P (DIP), and particulate P in leachate. DIP was the main form transferred by leaching and co-migrated with dissolved organic carbon. Partial least squares path modeling revealed that straw addition decreased P leaching by decreasing labile P and increasing moderately labile P in the subsoil. Overall, straw addition is beneficial for developing sustainable P management strategies due to increasing labile P in the upper soil layer for the utilization of plants, and decreasing P migration and leaching.
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Received: 27 January 2022
Accepted: 12 April 2022
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This study was supported by the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS–23-B04) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0201001).
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| About author: ZHANG Yin-jie, E-mail: zzhangyinjie@126.com; Correspondence HUANG Shao-wen, Tel: +86-10-82108662, E-mail: huangshaowen@caas.cn; ZHANG Huai-zhi, Tel: +86-10-82108685, E-mail: zhanghuaizhi@caas.cn |
Cite this article:
ZHANG Yin-Jie, GAO Wei, LUAN Hao-an, TANG Ji-wei, LI Ruo-nan, LI Ming-Yue, ZHANG Huai-zhi, HUANG Shao-wen.
2022.
Long-term straw addition promotes moderately labile phosphorus formation, decreasing phosphorus downward migration and loss in greenhouse vegetable soil. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 21(9): 2734-2749.
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