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| A transferred regulator that contributes to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola oxidative stress adaptation and virulence by regulating the expression of cytochrome bd oxidase genes |
| WANG Pei-hong1*, WANG Sai1*, NIE Wen-han1, WU Yan1, Iftikhar AHMAD1, 2, Ayizekeranmu YIMING1, HUANG Jin1, CHEN Gong-you1, ZHU Bo1 |
1 Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education/Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R.China
2 Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-Campus, Vehari 61100, Pakistan |
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摘要
早在2011年，研究者已对其进行了全基因组测序，并发现此基因组中有超过30%的编码基因是假定基因。另外，水平基因转移(horizontal gene transfer，HGT)已被认为是细菌基因组创新和进化的驱动力之一。前人在Xoc应对氧化应激的分子机制研究中，鉴定到了一个参与BLS256响应氧化胁迫并对毒性有贡献的水平转移基因(xoc_2868)。然而，xoc_2868作为一个转录因子的未知编码基因，其调控机制尚未被揭示。本研究基于BLAST序列比对和系统发育分析，初步判断其下游基因(xoc_2866和xoc_2867)与xoc_2868一样，均可能是BLS256在长期进化过程中通过水平转移从伯克氏菌科(Burkholderiaceae)获得的。为探索xoc_2868在BLS256响应氧胁迫过程中的潜在作用，我们分别对野生型(BLS256)和突变株(Δxoc_2868)在氧胁迫处理后进行了转录组测序。RNA-seq数据分析表明，在氧胁迫条件下，突变株中几个参与胞外多糖(EPS)和黄原胶(xanthan)生物合成基因的表达相较野生型显著下调，但未检测到其下游基因(xoc_2866和xoc_2867)的表达。为进一步鉴定受XOC_2868直接调控的基因，我们在野生型xoc_2868 C端融合了His6标签，并对此重组菌株进行了染色质免疫共沉淀 (ChIP-seq)分析。结合转录组分析发现，XOC_2868直接调控一个编码细胞色素bd氧化酶的两个亚基并参与氧化还原平衡的操纵子(cydAB)。与野生型菌株相比，cydA和cydAB缺失突变菌株与Δxoc_2868菌株一致出现对外源H2O2敏感性增强和细菌毒力减弱的表型。综上所述，本研究探讨了一种HGT形成和选择驱动的调控回路进化的可能性，xoc_2868与其两个下游基因可能是作为一个基因簇转移的，但它们在BLS256中各自进化，并在外界选择压下得以保留，XOC_2868通过结合新的调控位点直接调控了细胞色素bd氧化酶表达的通路，通过清除H2O2和其他ROS保护细胞免受氧化应激。此外，对胞外多糖和黄原胶合成相关基因的间接激活，也促进了其在宿主体内的定植和传播，从而参与了BLS256的致病力。本研究结果强调了在BLS256进化过程中，HGT现象对其毒力和适应性影响的可能性。
Abstract Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) has been well documented as a driving force in the evolution of bacteria. It has been shown that a horizontally acquired gene, xoc_2868, involved in the global response against oxidative stress and pathogenicity of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola strain BLS256. However, as a transcriptional factor (TF), the regulatory mechanism of XOC_2868 has not yet been revealed. Here, evolutionary analysis suggested XOC_2868 might be co-transferred with its physically proximate downstream genes from a Burkholderiaceae ancestor. Interestingly, RNA-seq data of wild-type (BLS256) and Δxoc_2868 strains under oxidative stress showed that XOC_2868 did not regulate the expression of its adjacent genes, but remarkably influenced the expression of several genes involved in the extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) production and xanthan biosynthesis. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequence (ChIP-seq) combined with transcriptome analysis revealed that XOC_2868 directly regulates a cydAB operon, encoding two subunits of cytochrome bd oxidase and involved in redox balance. Consistent with Δxoc_2868 strain, cydA- and cydAB-knockout mutants also showed a higher sensitivity to H2O2 along with a reduced bacterial virulence compared with the wild-type strain. Overall, our findings raise the possibility of regulatory circuit evolution shaped by HGT and driven by selection and reveal a novel regulatory pathway that regulates the expression of cytochrome bd oxidase and thus contributes to the virulence of BLS256.
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Received: 09 June 2021
Accepted: 07 July 2021
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| Fund: This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFD0201202 and 2017YFD0201108), the Agri-X Interdisciplinary Fund of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China (Agri-X2017010), the Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology, China (19390743300), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31200003). |
| About author: WANG Pei-hong, E-mail: wangpeihong@sjtu.edu.cn; Correspondence ZHU Bo, Tel: +86-21-34205873, E-mail: bzhu1981@sjtu.edu.cn
* These authors contributed equally to this study. |
Cite this article:
WANG Pei-hong, WANG Sai, NIE Wen-han, WU Yan, Iftikhar AHMAD, Ayizekeranmu YIMING, HUANG Jin, CHEN Gong-you, ZHU Bo.
2022.
A transferred regulator that contributes to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola oxidative stress adaptation and virulence by regulating the expression of cytochrome bd oxidase genes. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 21(6): 1673-1682.
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