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The contribution of cooperative irrigation scheme to poverty reduction in Tanzania |
ZHANG Chuan-hong1, Wandella Amos BENJAMIN1, WANG Miao2 |
1 College of Humanities and Development Studies, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P.R.China
2 CGCOC Agriculture Development Co., Ltd., Beijing 100101, P.R.China |
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摘要
在经常遭受干旱困扰的很多非洲地区,灌溉系统是稀缺资源。然而,对于如何有效管理和维护非洲的农业灌溉设施一直困扰着非洲的相关政策制定者和受益群体。很多研究发现农民合作社经营的灌溉设施大多不能很好的发挥功能。合作社灌溉计划作为接受政府和外部支持的是一种新型基于灌溉设施的合作社模式,近年来越来越受到坦桑尼亚政府的重视。本文在对该合作社的运行管理模式和提供的服务进行全面描述的基础上,运用问卷调查和访谈的方法对该合作模式对坦桑尼亚小农户减贫和社区发展的贡献进行了研究。结果发现,灌溉合作计划通过传递农业技术和提供各种服务,在帮助坦桑尼亚的小农户实现农民粮食安全、增加小农收入、创造更多就业机会以及促进农村社区发展方面发挥了重要作用。但由于资源、制度等限制以及管理层和合作社成员的人员能力建设不足等原因,这一合作模式也面临着很多多挑战。该研究为有效管理小型农业基础设施实现非洲减贫提供了一种可行方法。
Abstract Irrigation system is a scare resource in most of drought-stricken Africa. How to manage and maintain the existing irrigation facilities in Africa is a debatable issue to both policy makers and beneficiaries. Irrigation facilities run by farmer cooperatives are considered ineffective, unsuccessful and dysfunctional in Tanzania by many researchers. A cooperative irrigation scheme is a mechanism that features the collective management of rural irrigation facilities by farmers’ cooperative with some government intervention and external support. There is an increasing emphasis on the roles of cooperative irrigation scheme in the development of the agriculture sector and poverty reduction of smallholder farmers. In this study, the authors investigated the management and services of this scheme and analyzed its contribution to poverty reduction of smallholder rice farmers and community development in Tanzania through both quantitative and qualitative methods. The results showed that the scheme helped smallholder farmers increase the rice production and brought better market opportunities. The farmers’ net income was also increased. Profit generated from rice farming not only improved the livelihoods of smallholder farmers but also created more employment opportunities in the rural communities. The research also revealed that the scheme was faced with a number of challenges due to resource and institutional constraints and low-level human capacity for both management and members. The research provides a feasible approach to effective management of small-scale agricultural infrastructure for poverty reduction in Africa.
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Received: 09 November 2020
Accepted:
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Fund: We are indebted to the Chinese Government Scholarship (CSC) for providing a scholarship to Mr. Wandella Amos Benjamin so that he could go back to Tanzania for field research during his study for master degree in China. The study was funded by the former UK Department for International Development (DFID) through China International Development Research Network (CIDRN) Research Grants (20200105). |
Corresponding Authors:
Correspondence ZHANG Chuan-hong, E-mail: dianazhang@cau.edu.cn
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Cite this article:
ZHANG Chuan-hong, Wandella Amos BENJAMIN, WANG Miao.
2021.
The contribution of cooperative irrigation scheme to poverty reduction in Tanzania. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20(4): 953-963.
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