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Journal of Integrative Agriculture  2022, Vol. 21 Issue (1): 222-234    DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63496-7
Special Issue: 农业生态环境-氮素合辑Agro-ecosystem & Environment—Nitrogen
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Comparison of nitrogen losses by runoff from two different cultivating patterns in sloping farmland with yellow soil during maize growth in Southwest China 
HE Shu-qin1, MA Rui2, WANG Na-na2, WANG Shuang2, LI Ting-xuan2, ZHENG Zi-cheng2 
1 College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R.China 
2 College of Resources Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R.China
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摘要  

坡耕地氮素流失是农业面源污染的重要原因之一,严重影响着水环境。本研究以顺坡垄作、横坡垄作坡面为研究对象,通过两年(2017-2018)野外定外观测开展玉米生长期黄壤坡耕地地表径流、壤中流及氮素流失特征研究结果表明:随着降雨的增加,地表径流壤中流量随之增加。顺坡垄作的地表径流和氮素流失均显著高于横坡垄作;横坡作0 -20 cm20 -40 cm壤中流量和氮素流失量均显著高于坡垄。地表径流的总氮流失量径流总氮流失54.95 -81.25%,因此,我们推断地表径流是研究区流失的主要途径。不同耕作措施下可溶性总氮是氮素流失的主要形式,其流失量占氮流失55.82-94.41%而可溶性有机氮可溶性总氮流失52.81-87.06%。因此我们推断可溶性氮为研究区流失的主要形式。应在玉米苗期,进一步开展氮素流失防控方面研究减少通过径流途径铵态氮流失造成的环境污染。



Abstract  The loss of N in farmland is an important cause of agricultural non-point source pollution, which seriously impacts the aquatic environment.  A two-year (2017–2018) experiment was conducted to investigate the characteristics of runoff and N losses under different tillage practices.  Taking downslope ridge planting and cross ridge planting as the experimental treatments, the characteristics of surface runoff, interflow, and N losses in sloping farmlands with yellow soil were studied throughout the maize growth period.  As the rainfall increased, the surface runoff and interflow also increased.  The surface runoff and N losses in the surface runoff of downslope ridge planting were significantly higher than those of cross ridge planting.  The interflow volumes and N losses in the 0–20 and 20–40 cm soil layers of the cross ridge planting were significantly higher than those of the downslope ridge planting.  The total N (TN) losses from surface runoff accounted for 54.95–81.25% of the N losses from all pathways.  Therefore, we inferred that surface runoff is the main pathway of N losses.  Dissolved total N (DTN) was the main form of N loss under different tillage measures, as it accounted for 55.82–94.41% of the TN losses, and dissolved organic N accounted for 52.81–87.06% of the DTN losses.  Thus, we inferred that dissolved N is the main form of N loss.  Future research must focus on the prevention and control of the N losses during the maize seedling stage to reduce the environmental pollution caused by ammonium N through runoff.
Keywords:  nitrogen losses       surface runoff        interflow       maize growth stages       tillage measures  
Received: 29 July 2020   Accepted: 06 November 2020
Fund: The authors sincerely acknowledge the financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41271307) and the Key R&D Project of Sichuan Province, China (2019YFS0463).
About author:  HE Shu-qin, E-mail: angelhsq@163.com; Correspondence ZHENG Zi-cheng, Tel:+86-28-86291325, E-mail: zichengzheng@126.com

Cite this article: 

HE Shu-qin, MA Rui, WANG Na-na, WANG Shuang, LI Ting-xuan, ZHENG Zi-cheng. 2022. Comparison of nitrogen losses by runoff from two different cultivating patterns in sloping farmland with yellow soil during maize growth in Southwest China . Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 21(1): 222-234.

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