Effects of plant density and mepiquat chloride application on cotton boll setting in wheat–cotton double cropping system

doi:10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63286-5

Journal of Integrative Agriculture

2021, Vol. 20

Issue (9): 2372-2381 DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63286-5

Special Issue: 棉花合辑Cotton

Crop Science

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Effects of plant density and mepiquat chloride application on cotton boll setting in wheat–cotton double cropping system

CHEN Yuan¹, LIU Zhen-yu¹, HENG Li¹, Leila I. M. TAMBEL², ZHANG Xiang¹, CHEN Yuan¹, CHEN De-hua¹

¹ Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College, Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou 225009, P.R.China
² Agricultural Research Cooperation, Biotechnology and Biosafety Research Center, Khartoum 999129, Sudan

Abstract
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摘要

2013-2016年于扬州大学试验田，本试验对短季棉品种中棉所50（CRRI50）进行了密度（12.0、13.5和15.0株﹒m^-2）和缩节胺剂量（180、270和360 g ha^-1）的组合处理。结果表明，在13.5株﹒m^-2和270g﹒ha^-1 缩节胺处理下，单位面积铃数最多，棉铃日增量最高，90%以上的棉铃均出现在离地面高45-80cm范围内。综上所述，麦后直播棉种植模式下，适宜的缩节胺剂量配合高种植密度可促进集中成铃，使中、上冠层棉铃分布较多，并且不减产，从而克服目前移栽棉种植模式下用工多的问题。

Abstract

Sowing cotton directly after harvesting wheat in the Yangtze River Valley of China requires early mature of cotton without yield reduction. Boll-setting period synchronisation and more yield bolls distributed at the upper and middle canopy layers are also required for harvesting. The objective of this study is to quantify the individual and interaction effects of plant density and plant growth regulator mepiquat chloride (MC) on temporal and spatial distributions of yield bolls, as well as yield and yield components. During the 2013–2016 cotton growing seasons, the experiments were conducted on a short-season cotton cultivar CRRI50 at Yangzhou University, China. Various combinations of plant density (12.0, 13.5 and 15.0 plants m^–2) and MC dose (180, 270 and 360 g ha^–1) were applied on cotton plants. The combination of 13.5 plants m^–2 and 270 g ha^–1 MC resulted in the greatest boll number per unit area, the highest daily boll setting number and more than 90% of bolls positioned within 45–80 cm above the ground. In conclusion, appropriate MC dose in combination of high plant density could synchronize boll-setting period and retain more bolls at the upper and middle canopy layers without yield reduction in the system of direct-seeded cotton after wheat harvest, and thus overcome the labor-intensive problem in current transplanting cropping system.

Keywords: direct-seeded cotton after wheat harvest plant density mepiquat chloride yield and yield components boll setting boll spatial distribution

Received: 20 February 2020 Accepted:

Fund:

The study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFD1000900), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institution, China (18KJB210013 and 17KJA210003) and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (BK20191439).

Corresponding Authors: Correspondence CHEN De-hua, Tel: +86-514-7979357, Fax: +86-514-7996817, E-mail: cdh@yzu.edu.cn

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CHEN Yuan, LIU Zhen-yu, HENG Li, Leila I. M. TAMBEL, ZHANG Xiang, CHEN Yuan, CHEN De-hua. 2021. Effects of plant density and mepiquat chloride application on cotton boll setting in wheat–cotton double cropping system. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20(9): 2372-2381.

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