|
|
|
|
|
| The Virosome as a Novel Concept for High Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (HP-PRRSV) Vaccines |
| CAO Zheng, LÜ Feng-lin |
| College of Bioengineering and Key Lab of Biorheological Science and Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P.R.China |
|
|
|
摘要 Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an envelope, positive, single-strand RNA virus and is a member of the Arteriviridae family, Nidovirales order. PRRSV is the viral pathogen responsible for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) and caused reproductive failure and high rate of late abortion and early farrowing in sows and respiratory disease in all age. In 2006, a large scale outbreak of atypical PRRS occurred in China is characterized by high fever (41-42°C), high morbidity (50-100%) and high mortality (20-100%). The disease was caused by a highly pathogenic PRRSV with a 30 amino acid deletions in its Nsp2 coding region. Because the PRRSV strains are genetically heterogeneous, and elicit delayed and weak cell-mediated immune (CMI) and antibody responses after vaccination the current vaccines are failed to provide sustainable disease control. Virosomes are virus-like particles, consisting of reconstituted virus envelopes without genetic material of the native virus. Since the virosomes has being similar to the original virus in terms of morphology and cell entry characteristics. Virosomes provide a vaccine platform that has the capacity to combine the antigen and an adjuvant within a single particle that could activate both the humoral and the cellular arm of the immune system. Furthermore, the virosomes are also providing a novel promising approach for the development of an efficacious vaccine against HP-PRRSV.
Abstract Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an envelope, positive, single-strand RNA virus and is a member of the Arteriviridae family, Nidovirales order. PRRSV is the viral pathogen responsible for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) and caused reproductive failure and high rate of late abortion and early farrowing in sows and respiratory disease in all age. In 2006, a large scale outbreak of atypical PRRS occurred in China is characterized by high fever (41-42°C), high morbidity (50-100%) and high mortality (20-100%). The disease was caused by a highly pathogenic PRRSV with a 30 amino acid deletions in its Nsp2 coding region. Because the PRRSV strains are genetically heterogeneous, and elicit delayed and weak cell-mediated immune (CMI) and antibody responses after vaccination the current vaccines are failed to provide sustainable disease control. Virosomes are virus-like particles, consisting of reconstituted virus envelopes without genetic material of the native virus. Since the virosomes has being similar to the original virus in terms of morphology and cell entry characteristics. Virosomes provide a vaccine platform that has the capacity to combine the antigen and an adjuvant within a single particle that could activate both the humoral and the cellular arm of the immune system. Furthermore, the virosomes are also providing a novel promising approach for the development of an efficacious vaccine against HP-PRRSV.
|
|
Received: 24 April 2012
Accepted:
|
| Fund: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11032012), the Natural Science Foundation Project of Chongqing CSTC, China (2009BA5068) and the “111 Project” for Biomechanics and Tissue Repair Engineering, China. |
|
Corresponding Authors:
Correspondence Lü Feng-lin, E-mail: Lyufenglin@aliyun.com
E-mail: Lyufenglin@aliyun.com
|
Cite this article:
CAO Zheng, Lü Feng-lin.
2013.
The Virosome as a Novel Concept for High Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (HP-PRRSV) Vaccines. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 12(7): 1215-1224.
|
| [1]Almeida J D, Edwards D C, Brand C M, Heath T D. 1975.Formation of virosomes from influenza subunits andliposomes. Lancet, 2, 899-901[2]An T, Tian Z, Xiao Y, Li R, Peng J, Wei T, Zhang Y. 2010.Origin of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive andrespiratory syndrome virus. China Emerging InfectiousDiseases, 16, 365-367[3]Angel J, Chaperot L, Molens J, Mezin P, Amacker M,Zurbriggen R, Grichine A, Plumas J. 2007. Virosomemediateddelivery of tumor antigen to plasmacytoiddendritic cells. Vaccine, 25, 3913-3921[4]Baron T, Albina E, Leforban Y, Madec F, Guilmoto H, PlanaDuran J, Vannier P. 1992. Report on the first outbreaksof the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS) in France. Annals of Veterinary Research, 23,161-166[5]Boon den J A, Faaberg K S, Meulenberg J J, Wassenaar AL, Plagemann P G, Gorbalenya A E, Snijder E J. 1995.Processing and evolution of the N-terminal region ofthe arterivirus replicase ORF1a protein: identificationof two papainlike cysteine proteases. Journal ofVirology, 65, 4500-4505[6]Bron R, Ortiz A, Wilschut J. 1994. Cellular cytoplasmicdelivery of a polypeptide toxin by reconstitutedinfluenza virus envelopes (virosomes). Biochemistry, 33, 9110-9117[7]Bungener L, Serre K, Bijl L, Leserman L, Wilschut J, DaemenT, Machy P. 2002. Virosome-mediated delivery of proteinantigens to dendritic cells. Vaccine, 20, 2287-2295[8]Bungener L, Huckriede A, de Mare A, de Vries-Idema J,Wilschut J, Daemen T. 2005. Virosome-mediated deliveryof protein antigens in vivo: efficient induction of classI MHC-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity.Vaccine, 23, 1232-1241[9]Bungener L, de Mare A, de Vries-Idema J, Sehr P, der Zeevan A, Wilschut J, Daemen T. 2006. A virosomalimmunization strategy against cervical cancer and premalignantcervical disease. Antiviral Therapy, 11, 717-727[10]Bøtner A, Strandbygaard B, Sørensen K J, Have P, MadsenK G, Madsen E S, Alexandersen S. 1997. Appearance ofacute PRRS-like symptoms in sow herds aftervaccination with a modified live PRRS vaccine. TheVeterinary Record, 141, 497-499[11]van Breedam W, van Gorp H, Zhang J Q, Crocker P R,Delputte P L, Nauwynck H J. 2010. The M/GP(5)glycoprotein complex of porcine reproductive andrespiratory syndrome virus binds the sialoadhesinreceptor in a sialic acid-dependent manner. PlosPathogens, 6, 128-132[12]Cano J P, Dee S A, Murtaugh M P, Pijoan C. 2007a. Impactof a modified-live porcine reproductive and respiratorysyndrome virus vaccine intervention on a populationof pigs infected with a heterologous isolate. Vaccine,25, 4382-4391[13]Cano J P, Dee S A, Murtaugh M P, Trincado C A, Pijoan CB. 2007b. Effect of vaccination with a modified-liveporcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virusvaccine on dynamics of homologous viral infection inpigs. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 68,565-571[14]Chang H C, Peng Y, Chang H L, Chaung H, Chung W. 2008.Phenotypic and functional modulation of bone marrowderiveddendritic cells by porcine reproductive andrespiratory syndrome virus. Veterinary Microbiology,129, 281-293[15]Chen Z, Zhou X, Lunney J K, Lawson S, Sun Z, Brown E,Christopher-Hennings J, Knudsen D, Nelson E, FangY. 2010. Immunodominant epitopes in nsp2 of porcinereproductive and respiratory syndrome virus aredispensable for replication, but play an important rolein modulation of the host immune response. TheJournal of General Virology, 91, 1047-1057[16]Collins J E, Benfield D A, Christianson W T, Harris L,Hennings J C, Shaw D P, Goyal S M, McCullough S,Morrison R B, Joo H S. 1992. Isolation of swine infertilityand respiratory syndrome virus (isolate ATCC VR-2332)in North America and experimental reproduction of thedisease in gnotobiotic pigs Journal of VeterinaryDiagnostic, 4, 117-126[17]Cusi M G, Zurbriggen R, Correale P, Valassina M, TerrosiC, Pergola L, Valensin P E, Glück R. 2002. Influenzavirosomes are an efficient delivery system forrespiratory syncytial virus-F antigen inducing humoraland cell-mediated immunity. Vaccine, 20, 3436-3442[18]Danneskiold-Samsøe N, Fisker A B, Jørgensen M J, RavnH, Andersen A, Balde I D, Leo-Hansen C, Rodrigues A,Aaby P, Been C S. 2013. Current status of vaccines andvaccination for porcine reproductive and respiratorysyndrome. BMC Public Health, 13, 172.[19]Das P B, Dinh P X, Ansari I H, de Lima M, Osorio F A,Pattnaik A K. 2010. The minor envelope glycoproteinsGP2a and GP4 of porcine reproductive and respiratorysyndrome virus interact with the receptor CD163.Journal of Virology, 84, 1731-1740[20]Dea S, Gagnon C A, Mardassi H, Pirzadeh B, Rogan D.2000. Current knowledge on the structural proteins ofporcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS)virus: comparison of the North American and Europeanisolates. Archives of Virology, 145, 659-688[21]Done S H, Paton D J. 1995. Porcine reproductive andrespiratory syndrome: clinical disease, pathology andimmunosuppression. The Veterinary Record, 136, 32-35[22]Evans C M, Medley G F, Green L E. 2008. Porcinereproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)in GB pig herds: farm characteristics associated withheterogeneity in seroprevalence. BMC VeterinaryResearch, 4, 48.Feng Y, Zhao T, Nguyen T, Inui K, Ma Y, Nguyen T H,Nguyen V C, Liu D, Bui Q A, To L T, et al. 2008. Porcinerespiratory and reproductive syndrome virus variants,Vietnam and China, 2007. Emerging Infectious Diseases,14, 1774-1776[23]Herzog C, Hartmann K, Künzi V, Kürsteiner O, Mischler R,Lazar H, Glück R. 2009. Eleven years of Inflexal® V - avirosomal adjuvanted influenza vaccine. Vaccine, 27,4381-4387[24]Homhuan A. 2009. Virosome vaccines and their applicationin cancer immunotherapy. Asian Biomedicine, 3, 365-373[25]Huang Y W, Meng X J. 2010. Novel strategies andapproaches to develop the next generation of vaccinesagainst porcine reproductive and respiratory syndromevirus (PRRSV). Virus Research, 154, 141-149[26]Huckriede A, Bungener L, Stegmann T, Daemen T, MedemaJ, Palache A M, Wilschut J. 2005. The virosome conceptfor influenza vaccines. Vaccine, 23, S26-S38.[27]Jiang W M, Jiang P, Wang X, Li Y, Du Y, Wang X. 2008.Enhanced immune responses of mice inoculatedrecombinant adenoviruses expressing GP5 by fusionwith GP3 and/or GP4 of PRRS virus. Virus Research,136, 50-57[28]Jiang Y B, Xiao S, Fang L, Yu X, Song Y, Niu C, Chen H.2006. DNA vaccines co-expressing GP5 and M proteinsof porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV) display enhanced immunogenicity. Vaccine, 24, 2869-2879[29]Jiang Y B, Fang L, Xiao S, Zhang H, Pan Y, Luo R, Li B,Chen H. 2007. Immunogenicity and protective efficacyof recombinant pseudorabies virus expressing the twomajor membrane-associated proteins of porcinereproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Vaccine,25, 547-560[30]de Jonge J, Schoen P, ter Veer W, Stegmann T, Wilschut J,Huckriede A. 2006. Use of a dialyzable short-chainphospholipid for efficient solubilization andreconstitution of influenza virus envelopes. Biochimicaet Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, 1758, 527-536[31]Karniychuk U U, Saha D, Geldhof M, Vanhee M, CornillieP, den Broeck Van W, Nauwynck H J. 2011. Porcinereproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)causes apoptosis during its replication in fetalimplantation sites. Microbial Pathogenesis, 51, 194-202[32]Key K F, Guenette D K, Yoon K J, Halbur P G, Toth T E,Meng X J. 2003. Development of a heteroduplex mobilityassay to identify field isolates of porcine reproductiveand respiratory syndrome virus with nucleotidesequences closely related to those of modified liveattenuatedvaccines. Journal of Clinical Microbiology,41, 2433-2439[33]Kuwahara H, Nunoya T, Tajima M, Kato A, Samejima T.1994. An outbreak of porcine reproductive andrespiratory syndrome in Japan. The Journal ofVeterinary Medical Science, 56, 901-909[34]Labarque G, van Gucht S, van Reeth K, Nauwynck H,Pensaert M. 2003. Respiratory tract protection uponchallenge of pigs vaccinated with attenuated porcinereproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccines.Veterinary Microbiology, 95, 187-197[35]Li Y, Wang X, Bo K, Wang X, Tang B, Yang B, Jiang W,Jiang P. 2007. Emergence of a highly pathogenic porcinereproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in the Mid-Eastern region of China. The Veterinary Journal, 174,577-584[36]Mardassi H, Massie B, Dea S. 1996. Intracellular synthesis,processing, and transport of proteins encoded by ORFs5 to 7 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndromevirus. Virology, 221, 98-112[37]McCullough K C, Summerfield A. 2009. Targeting the porcineimmune system - particulate vaccines in the 21stcentury. Developmental and ComparativeImmunology, 33, 394-409[38]Meng X J. 2000. Heterogeneity of porcine reproductiveand respiratory syndrome virus: implications for currentvaccine efficacy and future vaccine development.Veterinary Microbiology, 74, 309-329[39]Meulenberg J J, Petersen-den Besten A, de Kluyver E P,Moormann R J, Schaaper W M, Wensvoort G. 1995.Characterization of proteins encoded by ORFs 2 to 7 ofLelystad virus. Virology, 206, 155-163[40]Meulenberg J J, Petersen-den Besten A. 1996. Identificationand characterization of a sixth structural protein ofLelystad virus: the glycoprotein GP2 encoded by ORF2is incorporated in virus particles. Virology, 225, 44-51[41]Mischler R, Metcalfe I C. 2002. Inflexal V a trivalent virosomesubunit influenza vaccine: production. Vaccine, 20, B17-B23.[42]Nakanishi T, Hayashi A, Kunisawa J, Tsutsumi Y, TanakaK, Yashiro-Ohtani Y, Nakanishi M, Fujiwara H, HamaokaT, Mayumi T. 2000. Fusogenic liposomes efficientlydeliver exogenous antigen through the cytoplasm intothe MHC class I processing pathway. EuropeanJournal of Immunology, 30, 1740-1747[43]Neumann E J, Kliebenstein J B, Johnson C D, Mabry J W,Bush E J, Seitzinger A H, Green A L, Zimmerman J J.2005. Assessment of the economic impact of porcinereproductive and respiratory syndrome on swineproduction in the United States. Journal of the AmericanVeterinary Medical Association, 227, 385-392[44]van Nieuwstadt A P, Meulenberg J J, van Essen-ZanbergenA, Petersen-den Besten A, Bende R J, Moormann R J,Wensvoort G. 1996. Proteins encoded by open readingframes 3 and 4 of the genome of Lelystad virus(Arteriviridae) are structural proteins of the virion.Journal of Virology, 70, 4767-4772[45]Ostrowski M, Galeota J A, Jar A M, Platt K B, Osorio F A,Lopez O J. 2002. Identification of neutralizing andnonneutralizing epitopes in the porcine reproductiveand respiratory syndrome virus GP5 ectodomain.Journal of Virology, 76, 4241-4250[46]Prieto C, Martínez-Lobo F J, Díez-Fuertes F, Aguilar-CalvoP, Simarro I, Castro J M. 2011. Immunisation of pigswith a major envelope protein sub-unit vaccine againstporcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV) results in enhanced clinical disease followingexperimental challenge. The Veterinary Journal, 189,323-329[47]Prieto C, Alvarez E, Martínez-Lobo F J, Simarro I, Castro JM. 2008. Similarity of European porcine reproductiveand respiratory syndrome virus strains to vaccine strainis not necessarily predictive of the degree of protectiveimmunity conferred. Veterinary Journal, 175, 356-363[48]Pu X, Liang J, Shang R, Wang X, Wang Z, Hua L, Liu Y.2009. Influence of hypericum perforatum extract on pigletinfected with porcine respiratory and reproductivesyndrome virus. Agricultural Sciences in China, 8, 730-739[49]Qiu H, Tian Z, Tong G, Zhou Y, Ni J, Luo Y, Cai X. 2005.Protective immunity induced by a recombinantpseudorabies virus expressing the GP5 of porcinereproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in piglets.Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 106,309-319[50]Revilla C, Poderoso T, Martínez P, Álvarez B, López-FuertesL, Alonso F, Ezquerra A, Domínguez J. 2009. Targetingto porcine sialoadhesin receptor improves antigenpresentation to T cells. Veterinary Research, 40, 14.[51]Schumacher R, Amacker M, Neuhaus D, Rosenthal R,Groeper C, Heberer M, Spagnoli G C, Zurbriggen R,Adamina M. 2005. Efficient induction of tumoricidalcytotoxic T lymphocytes by HLA-A0201 restricted,melanoma associated, L(27)Melan-A/MART-1(26-35)peptide encapsulated into virosomes in vitro Vaccine,23, 5572-5582[52]Scortti M, Prieto C, Martez-Lobo F J, Simarro I, Castro JM. 2006. Effects of two commercial European modifiedlivevaccines against porcine reproductive andrespiratory syndrome viruses in pregnant gilts. TheVeterinary Journal, 172, 506-514[53]Shen H, Beach N M, Huang Y W, Halbur P G, Meng X J,Opriessnig T. 2010. Comparison of commercial andexperimental porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccinesusing a triple challenge with PCV2, porcine reproductiveand respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), and porcineparvovirus (PPV). Vaccine, 28, 5960-5966[54]Snijder E J, Dobbe J C, Spaan W J M. 2003.Heterodimerization of the two major envelope proteinsis essential for arterivirus infectivity. Journal ofVirology, 77, 97-104[55]Snijder E, Meulenberg J. 1998. The molecular biology ofarteriviruses. Journal of General Virology, 79, 961-979[56]Spilman M S, Welbon C, Nelson E, Dokland T. 2009. Cryoelectrontomography of porcine reproductive andrespiratory syndrome virus: organization of thenucleocapsid. The Journal of General Virology, 90,527-535[57]Spohn R, Buwitt-Beckmann U, Brock R, Jung G, Ulmer A J,Wiesm黮ler K. 2004. Synthetic lipopeptide adjuvantsand Toll-like receptor 2- structure-activity relationships.Vaccine, 22, 2494-2499[58]Stegmann T, Kamphuis T, Meijerhof T, Goud E, de Haan A,Wilschut J. 2010. Lipopeptide-adjuvanted respiratorysyncytial virus virosomes: a safe and immunogenic nonreplicatingvaccine formulation. Vaccine, 28, 5543-5550[59]Storgaard T, Oleksiewicz M, Bner A. 1999. Examinationof the selective pressures on a live PRRS vaccine virus.Archives of Virology, 144, 2389-2401[60]Tian K, Yu X, Zhao T, Feng Y, Cao Z, Wang C, Hu Y, ChenX, Hu D, Tian X, et al. 2007. Emergence of fatal PRRSVvariants: unparalleled outbreaks of atypical PRRS inChina and molecular dissection of the unique hallmark.PloS One, 2, e526.[61]de Vries A A, Post S M, Raamsman M J, Horzinek M C,Rottier P J. 1995. The two major envelope proteins ofequine arteritis virus associate into disulfide-linkedheterodimers. Journal of Virology, 69, 4668-4674[62]de Vries J J C, Bungener L, Ter Veer W, van Alphen L, vander Ley P, Wilschut J, Huckriede A. 2009. Incorporationof LpxL1, a detoxified lipopolysaccharide adjuvant, ininfluenza H5N1 virosomes increases vaccineimmunogenicity. Vaccine, 27, 947-955[63]Wei T C, Tian Z J, Zhou Y J, An T Q, Jiang Y F, Xiao Y, HuS, Peng J M, Hao X F, Zhang S R, et al. 2011. Evaluationof the pathogenicity of a highly pathogenic porcinereproductive and respiratory syndrome virus variant inpiglets. Agricultural Sciences in China, 10, 1280-1291[64]Wensvoort G, Terpstra C, Pol J M, Laak ter E A, BloemraadM, de Kluyver E P, Kragten C, Buiten L, den Besten A,Wagenaar F. 1991. Mystery swine disease in TheNetherlands: the isolation of Lelystad virus. TheVeterinary Quarterly, 13, 121-130[65]Wilschut J. 2009. Influenza vaccines: the virosome concept.Immunology Letters, 122, 118-121[66]Wissink E, Kroese M, van Wijk H, Rijsewijk F, MeulenbergJ, Rottier P. 2005. Envelope protein requirements forthe assembly of infectious virions of porcinereproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Journalof Virology, 79, 12495-12506[67]Wootton S K, Nelson E A, Yoo D. 1998. Antigenic structureof the nucleocapsid protein of porcine reproductiveand respiratory syndrome virus. Clinical andDiagnostic Laboratory Immunology, 5, 773-779[68]Wu W H, Fang Y, Farwell R, Steffen-Bien M, Rowland R R,Christopher-Hennings J, Nelson E A. 2001. A 10-kDastructural protein of porcine reproductive andrespiratory syndrome virus encoded by ORF2b.Virology, 287, 183-191[69]Zhou J, Chen Q, Ye J, Shen H, Chen T, Shang S. 2006.Serological investigation and genomic characterizationof PCV2 isolates from different geographic regions ofZhejiang province in China. Veterinary ResearchCommunications, 30, 205-220[70]Zhou L, Chen S, Zhang J, Zeng J, Guo X, Ge X, Zhang D,Yang H. 2009a. Molecular variation analysis of porcinereproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in China.Virus Research, 145, 97-105[71]Zhou L, Yang H. 2010. Porcine reproductive and respiratorysyndrome in China. Virus Research, 154, 31-37[72]Zhou L, Zhang J, Zeng J, Yin S, Li Y, Zheng L, Guo X, Ge X,Yang H. 2009b. The 30-amino-acid deletion in the Nsp2of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive andrespiratory syndrome virus emerging in china is notrelated to its virulence. Journal of Virology, 83, 5156-5167[73]Zhou Y, Hao X, Tian Z, Tong G, Yoo D, An T, Zhou T, Li GX, Qiu H J, Wei T C, et al. 2008. Highly virulent porcinereproductive and respiratory syndrome virus emergedin China. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 55,152-164[74]Zurbriggen R, Novak-Hofer I, Seelig A, Glk R. 2000. IRIVadjuvantedhepatitis A vaccine: in vivo absorption andbiophysical characterization. Progress in LipidResearch, 39, 3-18. |
| No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
