|
|
|
|
|
| Effects of N Management on Yield and N Uptake of Rice in Central China |
| PANSheng-gang , HUANG Sheng-qi, ZHAI Jing, WANG Jing-ping, CAO Cou-gui, CAI Ming-li, ZHAN Ming , TANG Xiang-ru |
1.Key Laboratory of Huazhong Crop Physiology, Ecology and Production, Ministry of Agriculture/College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R.China
2.College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P.R.China |
|
|
|
摘要 Efficient N fertilizer management is critical for the economic production of rice and the long-term protection of environmental quality. A field experiment was designed to study the effects of N fertilizer management practices on grain yield and N uptake of rice. The experiment was laid out in the randomized complete block design with four replications in Central China during 2008 and 2009. Five N treatments denoted as N0, N150A, N150B, N240A, and N240B, respectively, were studied. N0 represented no N application and served as a control, N150A and N150B indicated the total N application of 150 kg N ha-1 but with two different application schedules (A and B) across the early stage of rice growth. Schedule A was applied as follows: 40% basal, 30% at 10 d after transplanting (DAT) and 30% at 36 DAT (nearly at the panicle initiation stage), while schedule B was as follows: 30% at basal, 20% at 10 DAT, and 50% at 36 DAT. Similarly, N240A and N240B indicated the total N application of 240 kg N ha-1 with schedules A and B as described above. To quantify N uptake from fertilizer and soil, a 15N experiment was also conducted within the main experimental field, with micro-plots. Grain yields were significantly increased as N rates increased from 0 to 240 kg N ha-1. At the same rate, splitting N application as schedule B significantly increased the grain yield, spikelets per panicle, percentage of ripened grain, and 1 000-grain weight, compared with the N application according to schedule A. Mean rice recovery of N fertilizer by 15N tracing method ranged from 25.39% at N240A to 34.89% at N150B, however, N fertilizer residual rate in the soil ranged from 12.40% at N240A to 16.61% at N150B. About 31.5 and 28.5% of total uptake of 15N derived from basal fertilizer was absorbed at panicle initiation and heading stages, respectively. However, 65.6-92.5% of total uptake of 15N derived from topdressing fertilizer was absorbed at the heading stage. Based on yield and nitrogen recovery efficiency, splitting N application according to schedule B at the rate of 240 kg N ha-1 will be more profitable among the tested five N treatments in Central China.
Abstract Efficient N fertilizer management is critical for the economic production of rice and the long-term protection of environmental quality. A field experiment was designed to study the effects of N fertilizer management practices on grain yield and N uptake of rice. The experiment was laid out in the randomized complete block design with four replications in Central China during 2008 and 2009. Five N treatments denoted as N0, N150A, N150B, N240A, and N240B, respectively, were studied. N0 represented no N application and served as a control, N150A and N150B indicated the total N application of 150 kg N ha-1 but with two different application schedules (A and B) across the early stage of rice growth. Schedule A was applied as follows: 40% basal, 30% at 10 d after transplanting (DAT) and 30% at 36 DAT (nearly at the panicle initiation stage), while schedule B was as follows: 30% at basal, 20% at 10 DAT, and 50% at 36 DAT. Similarly, N240A and N240B indicated the total N application of 240 kg N ha-1 with schedules A and B as described above. To quantify N uptake from fertilizer and soil, a 15N experiment was also conducted within the main experimental field, with micro-plots. Grain yields were significantly increased as N rates increased from 0 to 240 kg N ha-1. At the same rate, splitting N application as schedule B significantly increased the grain yield, spikelets per panicle, percentage of ripened grain, and 1 000-grain weight, compared with the N application according to schedule A. Mean rice recovery of N fertilizer by 15N tracing method ranged from 25.39% at N240A to 34.89% at N150B, however, N fertilizer residual rate in the soil ranged from 12.40% at N240A to 16.61% at N150B. About 31.5 and 28.5% of total uptake of 15N derived from basal fertilizer was absorbed at panicle initiation and heading stages, respectively. However, 65.6-92.5% of total uptake of 15N derived from topdressing fertilizer was absorbed at the heading stage. Based on yield and nitrogen recovery efficiency, splitting N application according to schedule B at the rate of 240 kg N ha-1 will be more profitable among the tested five N treatments in Central China.
|
|
Received: 30 November 2011
Accepted:
|
| Fund: This research was supported by the Key Technologies R&D Program of China during the 12th Five-Year Plan period (2011BAD16B02) and the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (S2011040004466). |
|
Corresponding Authors:
Correspondence CAO Cou-gui, Tel: +86-27-87283775, E-mail: ccgui@mail.hzau.edu.cn
E-mail: ccgui@mail.hzau.edu.cn
|
| About author: PAN Sheng-gang, E-mail: panshenggang@scau.edu.cn |
Cite this article:
PANSheng-gang , HUANG Sheng-qi, ZHAI Jing, WANG Jing-ping, CAO Cou-gui, CAI Ming-li, ZHAN Ming , TANG Xiang-ru.
2012.
Effects of N Management on Yield and N Uptake of Rice in Central China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 12(12): 1993-2000.
|
| [1]Alfaia S S, Guiraud G, Jacquin F, Muraoka T, Ribeiro G A.2000. Efficiency of nitrogen-15-labelled fertilizers for riceand rye-grass cultivated in an Ultisol of BrazilianAmazonia. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 31, 329-333.[2]Azam F, Lodhi A, Farooq S. 2003. Response of flooded rice(Oryza sativa L.) to nitrogen application at two rootzonetemperature regimes in a pot experiment. Biologyand Fertility of Soils, 38, 21-25.[3]Bronson K F, Hussain F, Pasuquin E, Ladha J K. 2000. Useof 15N-Labeled soil in measuring nitrogen fertilizerrecovery efficiency in transplanted rice. Soil ScienceSociety of America Journal, 64, 235-239.[4]Cui YT, Chen G X, Han C R, Li R G. 2000. The economic andecological satisfactory amount of nitrogen fertilizer using on rice in TaiLake Watershed. Acta EcologicaSinica, 20, 659-662. (in Chinese)[5]Gabrielle B, Recous S, Tuck G, Bradbury N J, Nicolardot B.2001. Ability of the SUNDIAL model to simulate theshort-term dynamics of 15N applied to winter wheat andoilseed rape. Journal of Agriculture Science, 137, 157-168.[6]Guan G, Tu S X, Yang J C, Yang L. 2011. A field study oneffects of nitrogen fertilization modes on nutrientuptake, crop yield and soil biological properties in ricewheatrotation system. Agricultural Sciences in China,10, 1254-1261.[7]IFA. 2002. Fertilizer Use by Crop. 5th ed. InternationalFertilizer Industry Association (IFA), InternationalFertilizer Development Center (IFDC), InternationalPotash Institute (IPI), Potash and Phosphate Institute(PPI), and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).[2011-11-12]. http://www.fertilizer.org/ifa/statistics.asp[8]Jiang L G, Dai T B, Jiang D, Cao W X, Gan X Q, Wei S Q.2004. Characterizing physiological N-use efficiency asinfluenced by nitrogen management in three ricecultivars. Field Crops Research, 88, 239-250.[9]Ji X H, Zheng S X, Lu Y H, Liao Y L. 2006. Dynamics offloodwater nitrogen and its runoff loss, urea andcontrolled release nitrogen fertilizer applicationregulation in rice. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 29, 2521-2530. (in Chinese)[10]Jing Q, Bouman B A M, Hengsdijk H, Keulen H V, Cao WX. 2007. Exploring options to combine high yields withhigh nitrogen use efficiencies in irrigated rice in China.European Journal of Agronomy, 26, 166-177.[11]Li H, Liang X Q, Chen Y X, Tian G M, Zhang Z J. 2008.Ammonia volatilization from urea in rice fields with zerodrainagewater management. Agriculture WaterManagement, 95, 887-894.[12]Lin D X, Fan X H, Hu F, Zhao H T, Luo J F. 2007. Ammoniavolatilization and nitrogen utilization efficiency inresponse to urea application in rice fields of the TaihuLake Region, China. Pedosphere, 17, 639-645.[13]Lu Z X, Heong K L, Yu X P, Hu C. 2004. Effects of plantnitrogen on fitness of the brown planthopper,Nilaparvata lugensal in rice. Journal of Asia-PacificEntomology, 7, 97-104.[14]Lopez-Bellido L, Lopez-Bellido R J, Lopez-Bellido F J. 2006.Fertilizer nitrogen efficiency in durum wheat underrainfed mediterranean conditions: effect of splitapplication. Agronomy Journal, 98, 55-62.[15]Martin F, Maudinas B, Chemardin M, Gadal P. 1981.Preparation of submicrogram nitrogen samples forisotope analysis by GS1 emission spectrometer. Ijari,32, 215-217.[16]Peng S, Buresh R J, Huang J L, Yang J C, Zou Y B, Zhong XH, Wang G H, Zhang F S. 2006. Strategies forovercoming low agronomic nitrogen use efficiency inirrigated rice systems in China. Field Crops Research,96, 37-47.[17]SAS Institute. 2003. SAS Version 9.1.2, 2002-2003.SASInstitute, Cary, NC.[18]Shi S W, Li Y, Liu Y T, Wan Y F, Gao Q Z, Zhang Z X. 2010.CH4 and N2O emission from rice field and mitigationoptions based on field measurements in China: anintegration analysis. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 43,2923-2936. (in Chinese)[19]Shi Y, Yu Z W, Li Y Q, Wang X. 2007. Effects of nitrogenfertilizer rate and ratio of base and topdressing on winterwheat yield and fate of fertilizer nitrogen. ScientiaAgricultura Sinica, 40, 54-62. (in Chinese)[20]Takahashi S, Yagi A. 2002. Losses of fertilizer-derived Nfrom transplanted rice after heading. Plant Soil, 242,245-250.[21]Tang Q Y, Peng S B, Buresh R J, Zou Y B, Castill N P, MewTW, Zhong X H. 2007. Rice varietal difference in sheathblight development and its association with yield lossat different levels of N fertilization. Field CropsResearch, 102, 219-227.[22]Wang G H, Dobermann A, Witt C, Sun Q, Fu R. 2001.Performance of site-specific nutrient management forirrigated rice in Southeast China. Agronomy Journal,93, 869-878.[23]Wang H Y, Hu K L, Li B G, Jin L. 2011. Analysis of waterand nitrogen use efficiencies and their environmentalimpact under different water and nitrogen managementpractices. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 44, 2701-2710.(in Chinese)[24]Wopereis P M M, Watanabe H, Moreira J, Wopereis M C S.2002. Effect of later nitrogen application on rice yield,grain quality and profitability in the Senegal River valley.European Journal of Agronomy, 17, 191-198.[25]Xing G X, Cao Y C, Shi S L, Sun G Q, Du L J, Zhu J G. 2001.N pollution sources and denitrification in water bodiesin Taihu lake region. Sinica China (Series B), 85, 304-314. (in Chinese)[26]Zhang H C, Wang X Q, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K. 2003.Effects of N-application rate on yield, quality andcharacters of nitrogen uptake of hybrid rice varietyLiangyoupeijiu. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 36, 800-806. (in Chinese)[27]Zheng Y M, Ding Y F, Liu Z H, Wang S H. 2010. Effects ofpanicle nitrogen fertilization on non-structuralcarbohydrate and grain filling in indica rice.Agricultural Sciences in China, 9, 1630-1640. |
| No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
