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1. 资产专用性和农户苹果经营代际传递意愿
ZHANG Qiang-qiang, GAO Xi-xi, Nazir Muhammad ABDULLAHI, WANG Yue, HUO Xue-xi
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (8): 2553-2566.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.04.016
摘要155)      PDF    收藏

在苹果产区农业人口老龄化与农村劳动力转移双重人口发展趋势下,“将来谁来种苹果”的问题凸显。由于中国实行以家庭联产承包责任制为特征的农业经营制度,苹果生产仍然以农户家庭经营为主,在苹果主产区农户农地流转比例较低的现实背景下,农户及其后代的苹果经营意愿对苹果可持续生产具有重要影响,因此,深入了解农户苹果经营代际传递意愿对分析苹果产区未来苹果产业发展形势、协调城镇化与苹果产业发展的关系、提升苹果可持续发展能力具有重要意义。该研究揭示了除了地理位置专用性的负向影响之外,人力资本专用性、实物资产专用性和土地资产专用性均会增强农户苹果经营代际传递意愿。损失厌恶在实物资产专用性、土地资产专用性和地理位置专用性对农户苹果经营代际传递意愿的影响中发挥部分中介作用。


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2. 挥发性代谢组和转录组揭示大花粉晕香水月季花香释放节律及分子机制
ZHOU Li-jun, HUANG Run-huan, LIU Ting-han, LIU Wei-chao, CHEN Yun-yi, LU Pei-feng, LUO Le, PAN Hui-tang, YU Chao, ZHANG Qi-xiang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (7): 2111-2125.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.06.015
摘要263)      PDF    收藏

月季是世界上最重要的观赏植物之一,极高食用和药用价值,还全世界范围广泛种植用来提取精油。本研究采用固相微萃取(SPME)和气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用法对在云南西北地区发现的具有甜香的新物种——大花粉晕香水月季(Rosa yangii不同开花阶段的花香成分进行提取和分析。共检测到113种挥发性有机化合物,从中筛选出69芳香挥发物我们发现大花粉晕香水月季的花朵在初开期产生和释放挥发性有机物明显高于其他开放阶段阶段合成并保留了大量的花香组分说明在工业生产更适合在初开期采收花朵。气味活性值(OAV)分析表明,大花粉晕香水月季的主要芳香成分包括丁香酚、甲基丁香醇、苯乙醛和苯乙醇、庚醛、癸醛、(E-2-己烯-1-基乙酸酯、石竹烯等。代谢组和时序基因共表达网络(TO-GCN联合分析显示,苯类/苯丙类挥发性有机化合物合成途径上的基因和有机挥发物其浓郁甜香起主要调控作用。MYBbHLH可能是调控丁香酚合成酶(EGS)异丁香酚合成酶(IGS)合成进而影响花香重要转录因子。综上所述,本研究可为观赏植物芳香分子育种提供科学依据,并促进植物精油新原料在食品储藏、芳香疗法、化妆品和香料行业的开发利用。

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3. 施钾量对两个水稻品种脂类合成和食味品质的影响
CHEN Guang-yi, PENG Li-gong, LI Cong-mei, TU Yun-biao, LAN Yan, WU Chao-yue, DUAN Qiang, ZHANG Qiu-qiu, YANG Hong, LI Tian
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (7): 2025-2040.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.09.020
摘要180)      PDF    收藏

脂类含量对水稻食味品质有重要影响,但施肥量对水稻脂类合成和食味品质的影响还尚不明确。钾对水稻品质有较大影响,水稻对钾肥的需求量大于氮肥和磷肥。为了探明施钾量对水稻脂类合成和食味品质的影响,以南粳9108(粳稻)和IR72(籼稻)作为试验材料,设置了K00 kg/hm2)、K190 kg/hm2)、K2135 kg/hm2)和K3180 kg/hm24个施钾水平。结果表明,随着施钾量的增加,两个品种的脂类、游离脂肪酸、不饱和脂肪酸、丙二酰辅酶A和磷脂酸的含量、脂类合成相关酶活性以及食味品质均呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,且在K2处理下达到最大值;饱和脂肪酸的含量则呈现相反的变化趋势。不同施钾量处理之间丙酮酸的含量无显著差异。随着施钾量的增加,南粳9108的蛋白质和草酰乙酸的含量以及磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶的活性呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,在K2处理下达到最小值;IR72则呈相反的变化趋势,在K1处理下达到最大值。综上所述,增施钾肥可以通过提高水稻脂类合成相关酶活性,协调脂类和蛋白质合成过程中对底物的竞争关系,从而优化脂肪酸的组分,提高脂类含量和稻米食味品质。当施钾量为135 kg/hm2时,最有利于两个品种脂类的合成,其食味品质和产量最高。

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4. JIA-2022-0857 根区穴施通过减少潜在的氮损失和增加矿质氮的积累来提高玉米产量和氮利用
SHI Wen-xuan, ZHANG Qian, LI Lan-tao, TAN Jin-fang, XIE Ruo-han, WANG Yi-lun
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (4): 1184-1198.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.09.018
摘要248)      PDF    收藏

减少环境影响和提高氮利用率对确保中国的粮食安全至关重要。根区施肥已被认为是提高氮肥利用率(NUE)的有效策略,但在根区施肥条件下,控释尿素(CRU)与普通尿素掺混对夏玉米田的影响仍不清楚。因此,本研究进行了为期3年的田间试验,以不氮为对照,采用两种施肥模式(FF:人工开沟施,即农民施肥习惯HF:人工点播的根区穴施),每公顷施氮量210 kg hm-2(控释尿素普通尿素的混合比例为55),同时进行了一年的原位微试验。研究了不同施肥模式下的玉米产量、氮利用率和潜在氮损失。结果表明,FF相比HF处理在三年内使平均产量和氮素回收效率分别提高了8.522.3%相比之下HF具有更大的应用潜力,且显著提高了干物质积累、总氮吸收、SPAD值和LAI。此外,相比于FFHF使来自肥料的15N积累提高了17.2%15N的潜在损失减少了43.8%。收获时,HF处理FF增加了土壤耕层中矿质氮的积累,以便在下一季使用。因此,HF可以满足夏玉米对氮的需求,维持产量,提高NUE,同时减少环境中的氮损失。总的来说,根区穴施条件下控释尿素掺混普通尿素一种有效前景施肥模式有助于实现华北平原的环境完整性和粮食安全,值得进一步应用和研究。

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5. JIA-2022-0204 OsPPR9编码一个DYW类型PPR蛋白,影响多个叶绿体RNA编辑位点的编辑效率,对叶绿体发育至关重要
CHEN Chang-zhao, WANG Ya-Liang, HE Meng-xing, LI Zhi-wen, SHEN Lan, LI Qing, RE De-yong, HU Jiang, ZHU Li, ZHANG Guang-heng, GAO Zhen-yu, ZENG Da-li, GUO Long-biao, QIAN Qian, ZHANG Qiang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (4): 972-980.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.08.026
摘要333)      PDF    收藏

叶片的光合作用主要发生在叶绿体中,叶绿体的发育受核基因编码蛋白调控。其中,PPR蛋白参与细胞器RNA编辑。在水稻中虽然鉴定出了约450PPR蛋白家族成员,但只有少数被证明影响水稻叶绿体RNA编辑。利用基因编辑技术创造了新的水稻种质资源和突变体,能够用于水稻育种和基因功能研究。本研究鉴定了一个DYW类型PPR蛋白OsPPR9在水稻叶绿体RNA编辑中的功能。通过CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术获得了Osppr9突变体,该突变体叶片黄化和致死表型;在突变体中,叶绿体发育相关基因表达量降低,光合作用相关蛋白的积累减少。此外,OsPPR9蛋白功能的缺失降低了叶绿体中rps8-C182, rpoC2-C4106, rps14-C80ndhB-C611 RNA编辑位点的编辑效率,影响水稻叶绿体的生长发育。OsPPR9在水稻叶片中表达量最高和编码一个定位于叶绿体PPR蛋白。此外,通过酵母双杂验证OsPPR9OsMORF2OsMORF9相互作用。总之,我们的研究为探明PPR蛋白在水稻叶绿体发育中的作用提供了线索。 

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6. JIA-2021-2226 同时检测CSFV、ASFV及APPV多重荧光PCR方法的建立及初步应用
SONG Xiang-peng, XIA Ying-ju, XU Lu, ZHAO Jun-jie, WANG Zhen, ZHAO Qi-zu, LIU Ye-bing, ZHANG Qian-yi, WANG Qin
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (2): 559-567.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.08.115
摘要211)      PDF    收藏

建立一种同时鉴别诊断猪瘟病毒(classical swine fever virus, CSFV)、非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus, ASF)和猪非典型瘟病毒(atypical porcine pestivirus, APPV的快速、灵敏、有效的检测方法。依据GenBank中登录的CSFV (5¢ UTR)ASFV (B646L) APPV (5¢ UTR) 的高度保守基因序列分别设计和优化多对特异性引物和Taq-man探针,以保守区基因序列分别制备三种阳性质粒,用矩阵法优化单重/多重荧光PCR的反应体系和条件,为避免荧光通道的交叉干扰多重荧光PCR扩增,结合所标记的荧光报告基团做颜色补偿试验,构建标准曲线的扩增图和对应的线性方程,并进行特异性、敏感性、重复性、符合性以及临床样本的检测等试验。三种病毒的标准曲线相关系数均达到0.995以上,具有良好的线性关系;与其它常见猪病无交叉扩增反应,具有很好的特异性;多重荧光PCR的最低检测量均为1 copy/mL,具有较高的敏感性;组内和组间的变异系数均小于1%,具有很好的重复性。该方法与CSF的国标(GB/T 27540-2011), ASF的国标 (GB/T 18648-2020),APPV的发明专利 (CN108611442A)检测样本盘的22个毒株样本符合率为100%。本研究建立的多重荧光PCR检测方法具有快速、高效、通量高、特异性好、灵敏度高等特点,可以对CSFVASFVAPPV病毒进行鉴别检测,为动物疫病的流行病学调查、疫情的检测提供一种新型的检测手段。本研究结合荧光PCR不同荧光通道设计CSFV、ASFV和APPV探针荧光信号强度较高且干扰较小的FAM、CY5HEX报告基团,建立多重荧光PCR检测方法用于同时鉴别诊断3种主要猪病毒的检测方法,在临床诊断中具有重要的应用价值

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7. ACS11一个新突变类型导致黄瓜只开雄花
WANG Jie, LI Shuai, CHEN Chen, ZHANG Qi-qi, ZHANG Hui-min, CUI Qing-zhi, CAI Guang-hua, ZHANG Xiao-peng, CHAI Sen, WAN Li, YANG Xue-yong, ZHANG Zhong-hua, HUANG San-wen, CHEN Hui-ming, SUN Jin-jing
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (11): 3312-3320.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.03.003
摘要199)      PDF    收藏

植物的单性花可以有效促进异交,研究单性花的形成和调控机制对于理解植物性别决定过程有重要意义,也为研究者和农业生产者利用杂种优势提供便利。在黄瓜杂交制种过程中,只开花的株系种植于只开雄花的株系周围,可以显著降低制种成本。筛选更多不同基因背景的只开雄花的材料,将增加可用于育种的种质资源。我基于前期构建的EMS诱变自交系材料406”的突变体库,发现了一个新的只开雄花的突变体遗传分析、全基因组重测序和分子标记辅助验证表明,ACS11基因上发生异义突变301位丝氨酸(Ser)变为苯丙氨酸(Phe)导致全雄株的产生。体外酶活性测定表明,此突变导致酶活性完全丧失。本研究为黄瓜雄性亲本选育提供了新的种质资源,并为 ACS 酶的催化机理提供了新的认识。

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8. 基于GWAS的德州驴群体胸腰椎数候选基因的挖掘
SUN Yan, LI Yu-hua, ZHAO Chang-heng, TENG Jun, WANG Yong-hui , WANG Tian-qi, SHI Xiao-yuan, LIU Zi-wen, LI Hai-jing, WANG Ji-jing, WANG Wen-wen, NING Chao, WANG Chang-fa, ZHANG Qin
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (10): 3159-3169.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.04.038
摘要284)      PDF    收藏
家畜脊椎数特别是胸腰椎数存在遗传变异,这些变异与家畜体长和产肉量有关。德州驴是我国著名的地方驴种之一,它的特点是体型大,适应性好,抗粗饲。德州驴群体中胸腰椎数也存在变异。【目的】本研究利用低深度重测序填充数据通过全基因组关联分析挖掘调控德州驴胸腰椎数性状相关的分子标记和候选基因,为未来多胸腰椎数驴的新品种培育奠定理论基础。【方法】对347头德州驴群体进行低深度的全基因组重测序,选用STITCH + Beagle的方法进行基因型的填充,对获得的SNPs进行质控后利用GEMMA软件的线性混合模型和GMMAT软件的logistic混合模型对胸腰椎数性状进行关联分析。SNPs数据进行了连锁不平衡过滤(=0.2)最终获得约35万个有效SNPs,用Bonferroni进行多重检验校正,设置了5%全基因组水平显著关联阈值线P ≤ 1.41×10-7= 0.05/353,672以及潜在显著关联的水平P ≤ 2.83×10-6= 1/353,672。最终对显著关联的SNPs进行候选基因的鉴定和单倍型分析。【结果】347头德州驴群体平均测序深度为,基因型填充后最终获得6,220,779 SNPs,利用18头高深度的德州驴群体对填充准确性进行评估,结果显示平均基因型相关系数是0.98。综合两个关联分析的模型,对于胸椎数性状,我们鉴定出38个全基因组水平显著关联的SNPs64个潜在显著关联的SNPs,涉及7个基因(NLGN1DCCSLC26A7TOXWNT7ALOC123286078LOC123280142)。对于腰椎数性状,我们鉴定了9个全基因组水平显著关联的SNPs38个潜在显著关联的SNPs,涉及8个基因(GABBR2FBXO4LOC123277146LOC123277359BMP7B3GAT1EML2LRP5)。其中多个显著关联SNPs存在紧密的连锁不平衡关系。【结论】本研究利用测序填充数据进行全基因组关联分析,鉴定了多个与胸腰椎数性状显著关联的SNPs和候选基因,其中WNT7A、BMP7LRP5已知的功能是通过Wnt信号通路和TGF-β信号通路在胚胎体节发育和骨形成过程中发挥作用,可能是驴差异胸腰椎数性状的关键候选基因。


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9. 基于SNP发掘8672×科遗5214 DH群体中小麦粒重及其相关性状的QTL
HUANG Feng, LI Xuan-shuang, DU Xiao-yu, LI Shun-cheng, LI Nan-nan, LÜ Yong-jun, ZOU Shao-kui, ZHANG Qian, WANG Li-na, NI Zhong-fu, HAN Yu-lin, XING Jie-wen
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (10): 2949-2960.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.03.004
摘要312)      PDF    收藏

千粒重(TGW)、穗粒数(GNS)和穗粒重(GWS)是小麦产量的重要组成部分。为了解析其遗传学基础,我们构建了一个由8762/Keyi5214衍生的198个系组成的DH群体,利用基因芯片对该DH群体进行基因型鉴定,并将产量相关性状千粒重、穗粒数和穗粒重表型整合并进行QTL定位。最后,我们共获得18,942个多态性SNP标记,并鉴定出41个与这些性状相关的关键QTL。我们在染色体2D6A上鉴定出三个稳定的千粒重QTL (QTgw-2D.3, QTgw-2D.4, QTgw-6A.1),其增效等位基因均来自亲本8762,解释了4.81%-18.67%的表型变异。在染色体3D5B5D6A上鉴定出5个稳定的穗粒数QTL,其中QGns-5D.1来自亲本8762,其余4个来自亲本Keyi5214QTL解释了5.89-7.08%的表型变异。此外,还发现了一个稳定的小麦穗粒重遗传位点QGws-4A.3,该位点来自亲本8762,可解释6.08-6.14%的表型变异。为了应用鉴定到的QTL,我们为四个重要的QTL (Tgw2D.3-2, Tgw2D.4-1, Tgw6A.1 和 Gns3D.1)开发了STARP标记。本研究结果可为后期小麦千粒重、穗粒数和单穗重相关基因的鉴定和克隆奠定基础。

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10. 脾脏转录组分析揭示了H/L选育群体雏鸡对沙门氏菌的抗性差异机制
WANG Jie, ZHANG Qi, Astrid Lissette BARRETO SÁNCHEZ, ZHU Bo, WANG Qiao, ZHENG Mai-qing, LI Qing-he, CUI Huan-xian, WEN Jie, ZHAO Gui-ping
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2022, 21 (8): 2372-2383.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(21)63770-X
摘要169)      PDF    收藏

本研究比较H/L选育群体和非选育群体的基因组数据和沙门氏菌感染后的脾脏转录组数据,旨在鉴定H/L选育过程中参与脾脏抗菌能力的关键基因。在选择系第10代,从H/L选育系和对照系分别选取41只和31只个体采集外周血样本提取DNA,并基于55K SNP芯片进行基因分型进行选择信号分析;分别选取选育系和对照系群体于7日龄进行鼠伤寒沙门氏菌(ST)感染试验,感染后3d测定肝组织载菌量和血液溶菌酶含量,同时采集脾脏组织(N=9)进行转录组分析;结合选择信号和脾脏转录组结果共同鉴定脾脏中参与沙门氏菌抵抗的候选基因。结果表明,与对照系群体相比,H/L选育群体对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的抗性更强(P<0.05)。在选育系和对照系之间,鉴定的分化基因主要参与TGF-β信号通路、FoxO信号通路和沙门氏菌感染通路。对所有鉴定得到的脾脏差异表达基因(DEGs)的分析结果表明,沙门氏菌感染途径涉及的G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)和胰岛素样生长因子(IGF-I)信号通路被显著富集(p<0.01)。基于DEGs和Fst(Fixation index)的综合分析鉴定了参与沙门氏菌感染途径的候选基因,如GPR39NTRK2ANXA1。广泛的基因组变化显示了在鸡群中免疫反应的多基因遗传基础。许多与免疫防御功能相关的基因在H/L选育和对照系中差异表达,选育系群体对沙门氏菌表现出更强的抗性。该研究确定了在用ST攻击后易感鸡和抗性鸡中差异表达的基因和通路,以更好地了解宿主对ST感染的免疫抗性。本研究利用动物模型(H/L定向选育系和对照系)的基因组数据和脾脏转录组数据进行了系统性的研究,解析了H/L定向选育后脾脏影响沙门氏菌抗性的分子机制。


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11. JIA-2021-1102 漆酶基因StLAC6缺失导致玉米大斑病菌过氧化物酶体异常和药剂敏感性增加
LIU Ning, ZHANG Qian-qian, JIA Hui, ZHAO Bin, ZHU Zi-ping , CAO Zhi-yan, DONG Jin-gao
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2022, 21 (7): 2019-2030.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(21)63855-8
摘要312)      PDF    收藏

前期研究表明,在玉米大斑病菌中存在9个漆酶样多铜氧化酶,其中漆酶基因StLAC2敲除导致黑色素含量降低,不能产生分生孢子,直接影响侵染能力。为进一步研究漆酶基因家族基因在生物学功能上的差异,本文利用同源重组技术创制StLAC6基因敲除突变体并对其对玉米大斑病菌生长发育、致病、杀菌剂抗性等方面的作用进行研究。结果表明通过同源重组技术成功创制了2株StLAC6基因敲除突变体,分析发现StLAC6基因缺失后对玉米大斑病菌的生长、菌丝形态和侵染能力没有显著影响,而且突变体细胞壁及细胞膜功能均正常。进一步对其超微结构进行分析发现,StLAC6基因敲除突变体菌丝中的过氧化物酶体形态异常,影响了菌丝内脂滴合成,同时敲除突变体中的酚类化合物和黑色素的合成增加。通过比较野生型和突变体的EC50值,发现StLAC6敲除导致病菌对嘧菌环胺、三环唑、吡唑醚菌酯等多种常见杀菌剂的敏感性增加,表明漆酶参与了玉米大斑病菌对杀菌剂的抗性。为了明确漆酶基因家族成员的关系,对StLAC6敲除突变体中其他漆酶基因的表达进行分析,发现StLAC1等多个玉米大斑病菌漆酶基因的表达水平发生了显着变化,说明漆酶基因家族成员间存在功能互补。本文为研究植物病原真菌中漆酶基因家族的功能和相互关系提供了新的见解


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12. JIA-2021-0997 HBP1通过直接增强JAK2的表达来激活STAT3信号通路从而抑制鸡前脂肪细胞分化
CHEN Hong-yan, CHENG Bo-han, MA Yan-yan, ZHANG Qi, LENG Li, WANG Shou-zhi, LI Hui
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2022, 21 (6): 1740-1754.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(21)63895-9
摘要320)      PDF    收藏

本研究以东北农业大学肉鸡高、低腹脂双向选择品系1-7周龄鸡只和永生化鸡前脂肪细胞(ICP2细胞)为材料,利用RT-qPCR和Western blot方法分析HBP1在脂肪组织和前脂肪细胞分化过程中的表达模式;以稳定过表达HBP1的ICP2细胞、敲除HBP1的ICP2细胞以及各自的对照细胞为材料,利用油红O染色、RT-qPCR和Western blot检测过表达/敲除HBP1对鸡前脂肪细胞分化的影响;利用信号通路分析试剂盒筛选HBP1调控鸡前脂肪细胞分化的潜在信号通路;在稳定过表达HBP1的ICP2细胞中添加信号转导和转录激活因子3(STAT3)的化学抑制剂或转染siRNA进行功能拯救实验。结果:基因表达分析结果表明,HBP1的表达与鸡腹部脂肪沉积和前脂肪细胞分化有关。过表达HBP1抑制鸡前脂肪细胞分化(P<0.05),敲除HBP1促进鸡前脂肪细胞分化(P<0.05)。进一步研究发现,HBP1靶向激活Janus激酶2(JAK2)基因的转录来激活STAT3信号通路。功能拯救实验结果表明,STAT3信号介导了HBP1对鸡前脂肪细胞分化的调控作用。以上结果表明,HBP1通过直接上调JAK2的表达来激活STAT3信号通路,从而抑制鸡前脂肪细胞的分化。本研究阐明了HBP1在鸡前脂肪细胞分化中的基本功能,并揭示了其部分分子机制。这些发现为进一步解析鸡脂肪组织生长发育的分子遗传基础提供了新的见解。


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13. 田间霉变诱发大豆籽粒中贮藏的物质分解并导致大豆品质劣变
DENG Jun-cai, LI Xiao-man, XIAO Xin-li, WU Hai-jun, YANG Cai-qiong, LONG Xi-yang, ZHANG Qi-hui, Nasir Iqbal, WANG Xiao-chun, YONG Tai-wen, DU Jun-bo, YANG Feng, LIU Wei-guo, ZHANG Jing, WU Xiao-ling, WU Yu-shan, YANG Wen-yu, LIU Jiang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2022, 21 (2): 336-350.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63594-8
摘要204)      PDF    收藏

连阴雨天气导致田间湿度增大,诱发田间霉菌的生长繁殖,并侵染农作物导致田间霉变的发生。在大豆生长后期,因连阴雨天气导致的田间霉变严重影响大豆的产量和品质。为探究田间霉变诱导大豆品质劣变的机制,本研究利用人工降雨室模拟连阴雨天气,诱发大豆籽粒田间霉变,结合转录组学和多种代谢检测平台,解析田间霉变胁迫下大豆品质劣变的生化机理。研究结果表明,田间霉变影响大豆的外观品质,霉变大豆籽粒皱缩、变形,并出现霉斑。田间霉变使大豆籽粒中蛋白质、多糖等储藏性物质的含量降低,导致籽粒百粒重显著下降。转录组分析发现,田间霉变使大豆籽粒中氨基酸代谢、糖酵解、三羧酸循环、脂肪酸β氧化等初生代谢过程加强。代谢组分析结果也表明,霉变大豆籽粒中多氨基酸、糖类物质、有机酸的含量显著增加,而脂肪酸的含量显著下降。与此同时,大豆异黄酮作为一重要的抗逆活性物质,其生物合成在转录水平和代谢水平均受到田间霉变的诱导。田间霉变诱发大豆籽粒的防御机制,通过分解和消耗储藏性物质为防御体系的构建提供能量和底物,但储藏性物质的消耗导致大豆品质劣变。本研究为深入了解大豆籽粒田间霉变的机制提供了重要的理论基础,同时也为田间霉变大豆品种筛选指明方向

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14. Mapping and predicting a candidate gene for flesh color in watermelon
WANG Chao-nan, LUAN Fei-shi, LIU Hong-yu, Angela R. DAVIS, ZHANG Qi-an, DAI Zu-yun, LIU Shi
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (8): 2100-2111.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63487-6
摘要178)      PDF    收藏

西瓜果肉颜色是由一系列类胡萝卜素类物质决定的一种重要性状。本文通过浅黄色果肉西瓜COS和白色果肉西PI 186490作为亲本配制F2代分离群体进行BSA-seq分析。BSA-seq结果分析发现在西瓜的6号染色体2.45 Mb区间内存在一个与果肉颜色性状形成的相关区段,该区域初步定位在382 kb范围内。然后利用1260株F2代精细定位群体进行精细定位,将定位区间缩短至66.8 kb。该区间内共包含9个候选基因,其中仅有Cla007528(叶绿素酶基因)在双亲中发生差异表达,并存在非同义突变位点。同时基于RNA-seq数据和qRT-PCR验证我们对类胡萝卜素代谢中的关键基因表达模式进行分析发现,叶黄素循环中的三个基因(ClCHYBClNCED-1ClNCED-7)在双亲果实不同成熟阶段发生差异表达。随着类胡萝卜的不断积累,ClPSY1ClPDSClZDSClCHXEClCRTISOClLCYB也表现出显著差异的表达模式。


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15. Beneficial rhizobacterium provides positive plant–soil feedback effects to Ageratina adenophora
SUN Yuan-yuan, ZHANG Qiu-xin, ZHAO Yun-peng, DIAO Yue-hui, GUI Fu-rong, YANG Guo-qing
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (5): 1327-1335.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63234-8
摘要123)      PDF    收藏

根际微生物群落在促进或抑制外来物种的建立中起重要作用。入侵植物与土壤微生物群落(如根际细菌)的相互作用,会导致土壤微生物群落发生变化,因而影响外来植物与本地植物之间的竞争关系。紫茎泽兰是我国一种危害严重的外来入侵杂草。已有研究证实,紫茎泽兰入侵后会影响根际土壤微生物群落结构,并形成对它自身生长的正反馈效应,但这其中的内在机制还有待深入探究。前期调查发现,紫茎泽兰重度入侵地区的根际土壤中一种有益菌蜡样芽孢杆菌的含量明显高于轻度入侵地区的。因此,本研究从促进植物根际有益微生物增长及其反馈效应的角度,拟揭示紫茎泽兰入侵扩张的根际有益菌作用机制。研究比较了紫茎泽兰不同入侵程度土壤中蜡样芽孢杆菌的含量,检测了紫茎泽兰根系分泌物对蜡样芽孢杆菌生长和土壤特性的影响,还对比分析了蜡样芽孢杆菌处理对紫茎泽兰生长的反馈作用。结果表明:蜡样芽孢杆菌的含量随紫茎泽兰入侵程度的加深而明显增加,入侵土壤中的菌含量几乎达到了非入侵土壤的两倍。紫茎泽兰根系分泌物处理其根际土壤后,蜡样芽孢杆菌的含量在1天后随时间延长明显增加,最高达近两倍,且土壤营养成分含量也发生了明显变化,如铵态氮和有效磷含量相比于对照分别增加了41%和27%。土壤中添加蜡样芽孢杆菌不同程度地促进紫茎泽兰根际两种主要化感物质泽兰二酮和羟基泽兰酮的降解,其中泽兰二酮的浓度在处理后的48、72、96 h分别比灭菌土壤中的浓度低338%,356%和723%;并且在该处理的土壤中,紫茎泽兰的发芽率显著提高了50%,根长增加了117%,苗长增加了48%,鲜重增加了81%,而本地其他植物的生长变化不大。这些结果说明蜡样芽孢杆菌对紫茎泽兰生长具有偏利作用,同时可促进化感物质的降解以削弱紫茎泽兰的自毒作用,为根际聚集有益菌介导的外来植物入侵扩张的理论提供了科学依据。


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16. High density genetic map and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with petal number and flower diameter identified in tetraploid rose
YU Chao, WAN Hui-hua, Peter M. BOURKE, CHENG Bi-xuan, LUO Le, PAN Hui-tang, ZHANG Qi-xiang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (5): 1287-1301.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63416-5
摘要182)      PDF    收藏

月季(Rosa cvs.)是世界上最重要的观赏植物之一。现代月季多为四倍体,其减数分裂过程中存在双减数分裂和优先配对,使得传统的连锁分析方法不能适用四倍体月季。因此,四倍体月季遗传图谱的构建工作既迫切又具挑战性。本研究以四倍体月季F1杂交群体为试验材料,通过简化基因组测序的方法构建遗传图谱。共检测到17,382个SNP标记,加上课题组前期开发的440个SSR和AFLP标记,利用GATK中同源四倍体的模型进行基因分型,最终获得6,885个高质量的标记。然后利用polymapR进行遗传连锁分析,构建了四倍体月季的高密度遗传连锁图谱。该图谱包含7个连锁群,6,842个标记,总图距为1,158.90 cM,标记间平均遗传距离为0.18 cM。随后对花瓣数量和花朵直径进行QTL分析,检测到1个与花瓣数量相关的主效QTL (qpnum-3-1),解释表型变异20.18–22.11%。检测到4个与花朵直径相关的QTLs,连续两年的花朵直径数据检测到1个主效QTL(qfdia-2-2)。本研究为现代月季分子标记辅助育种工作奠定基础,同时为其他同源多倍体的遗传分析提供借鉴。


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17. Fingerprinting 146 Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima Blume) accessions and selecting a core collection using SSR markers
NIE Xing-hua, WANG Ze-hua, LIU Ning-wei, SONG Li, YAN Bo-qian, XING Yu, ZHANG Qing, FANG Ke-feng, ZHAO Yong-lian, CHEN Xin, WANG Guang-peng, QIN Ling, CAO Qing-qin
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (5): 1277-1286.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63400-1
摘要160)      PDF    收藏

中国板栗是世界上重要的坚果树种。我国板栗种质资源十分丰富,但在其资源利用与保护方面仍受到很大的限制。本研究利用18个荧光SSR标记对146份板栗资源进行了指纹图谱的构建,并解析了板栗品种群间的亲缘关系和筛选了板栗资源的核心种质。结果表明,每个基因座的平均等位基因数(Na)和多态性信息含量(PIC)分别为8.100和0.622,18个SSR标记表现出高的多态性。利用这些高效的标记,本试验成功构建了146份板栗资源的有唯一匹配的指纹图谱,并从中筛选出了7个SSR标记作为核心标记,实现了板栗资源的快速鉴定。对5个板栗品种群遗传关系进行研究,可知,中国板栗品种群被划分为3个类群,分别是类群I(华北品种群和西北品种群)、类群II(长江中下游品种群)和类群III(西南品种和东南品种群)。最后,我们选取了具有代表性的45个中国板栗资源作为核心种质。本研究为板栗资源的鉴定和品种群的亲缘关系提供了重要信息,为今后板栗的高效育种奠定基础。


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18. Utilizing comprehensive decision analysis methods to determine an optimal planting pattern and nitrogen application for winter oilseed rape
DU Ya-dan, CUI Bing-jing, ZHANG Qian, SUN Jun, WANG Zhen, NIU Wen-quan
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2020, 19 (9): 2229-2238.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62870-4
摘要115)      PDF    收藏
Oilseed rape is one of the most important oil crops globally.  Attaining the appropriate cultivation method (planting pattern and nitrogen level) is necessary to achieve high yield, quality and resource utilization efficiency.  However, the optimal method for oilseed rape varies across countries and regions.  The objective of the present study was to determine an appropriate cultivation method, including planting pattern and nitrogen application, for winter oilseed rape in northwestern China.  Two planting patterns: ridge film mulching and furrow planting (RFMF) and flat planting (FP), and six nitrogen (N) amounts: 0 (N0), 60 (N60), 120 (N120), 180 (N180), 240 (N240), and 300 (N300) kg N ha–1 were applied across three growing seasons (2014–2017).  Three comprehensive decision analysis methods: principal component analysis, grey correlation degree analysis and the combined entropy weight and dynamic technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution method were used to evaluate the growth and physiological indicators, nutrient uptake, yield, quality, evapotranspiration, and water use efficiency of winter oilseed rape.  Planting pattern, nitrogen amount and their interaction significantly affected the indicators aforementioned.  The RFMF pattern significantly increased all indicators over the FP pattern.  Application of N also markedly increased all the indicators except for seed oil content, but the yield, oil production and water use efficiency were decreased when N fertilizer exceeded 180 kg N ha–1 under FP and 240 kg N ha–1 under RFFM.  The evaluation results of the three comprehensive decision analysis methods indicated that RFMF planting pattern with 240 kg N ha–1 is an appropriate cultivation method for winter oilseed rape in northwestern China.  These findings are of vital significance to maximize yield, optimize quality and improve resource use efficiencies of winter oilseed rape.
 
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19. Identification and gene mapping of the starch accumulation and premature leaf senescence mutant ossac4 in rice
ZHU Mao-di, CHEN Xin-long, ZHU Xiao-yan, XING Ya-di, DU Dan, ZHANG Ying-ying, LIU Ming-ming, ZHANG Qiu-li, LU Xin, PENG Sha-sha, HE Guang-hua, ZHANG Tian-quan
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2020, 19 (9): 2150-2164.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62814-5
摘要140)      PDF    收藏
The rice mutant ossac4 (starch accumulating 4) was raised from seeds of the rice (Oryza sativa L.) indica maintainer line Xinong 1B treated with ethyl methanesulfonate.  The distal and medial portions of the second leaf displayed premature senescence in the ossac4 mutant at the four-leaf stage.  Physiological and biochemical analysis, and cytological examination revealed that the ossac4 mutant exhibited the premature leaf senescence phenotype.  At the four-leaf stage, the leaves of the ossac4 mutant exhibited significantly increased contents of starch compared with those of the wild type (WT).  Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that the expression levels of photosynthesis-associated genes were down-regulated and the expression levels of glucose metabolism-associated genes were abnormal.  Genetic analysis indicated that the ossac4 mutation was controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene.  The OsSAC4 gene was localized to a 322.7-kb interval between the simple-sequence repeat marker XYH11-90 and the single-nucleotide polymorphism marker SNP5300 on chromosome 11.  The target interval contained 20 annotated genes.  The present results demonstrated that ossac4 represents a novel starch accumulation and premature leaf senescence mutant, and lays the foundation for cloning and functional analysis of OsSAC4.
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20. The MADS-box transcription factor CmAGL11 modulates somatic embryogenesis in Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima Blume)
GAO Yue-rong, SUN Jia-chen, SUN Zhi-lin, XING Yu, ZHANG Qing, FANG Ke-feng, CAO Qing-qin, QIN Ling
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2020, 19 (4): 1033-1043.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63157-4
摘要139)      PDF    收藏
Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is an effective approach of in vitro regeneration that depends on plant cell totipotency. However, largely unknown of molecular mechanisms of SE in woody plants such as Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima Blume), limits the development of the woody plant industry. Here, we report the MADS-box transcription factor CmAGL11 in Chinese chestnut. CmAGL11 transcripts specifically accumulated in the globular embryo. Overexpression of CmAGL11 in chestnut callus enhanced its SE capacity, and the development of somatic embryos occurred significantly faster than in the control. RNA-seq results showed that CmAGL11 affects the expression of several genes related to the gibberellin, auxin, and ethylene pathways. Moreover, the analysis of DNA methylation status indicated that the promoter methylation plays a role in regulation of CmAGL11 expression during SE. Our results demonstrated that CmAGL11 plays an important role in the SE process in Chinese chestnut, possibly by regulating gibberellin, auxin, and ethylene pathways. It will help establish an efficient platform to accelerate genetic improvement and germplasm innovation in Chinese chestnut.
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21. Breeding of CMS maintainer lines through anther culture assisted by high-resolution melting-based markers
WANG Ping, BAI Yu-lu, WANG Min-xia, HU Bin-hua, PU Zhi-gang, ZHANG Zhi-yong, ZHANG Qiong, XU Deng-wu, LUO Wen-long, CHEN Zhi-qiang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2020, 19 (12): 2965-2973.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63179-3
摘要101)      PDF    收藏
The integrated use of molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) and anther culture has potential to significantly increase efficiency in plant breeding; however, reports on this kind of practical use are very limited.  In the present study, we report the development of cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) maintainers with aroma, disease resistance and red-brown hulls, as an example of integration of MAS and anther culture in rice breeding.  A high-resolution melting (HRM)-based functional molecular marker was developed for the red-brown hull trait caused by a unique mutation (rbh1) in OsCAD2.  Functional molecular markers for genes of rice blast resistance (Pi2), aroma (fgr) and red-brown hull (rbh1) were used for precise genotyping of individual plants in the BC1 and BC2F2 populations derived from a cross between CMS maintainers Huaxiang B (pi2–/rbh1–/fgr–) and Rong 3B (Pi2+/RBH1+/Fgr+).  A total of 89 doubled haploid (DH) lines were generated from selected BC2F2 plants (Pi2+/rbh1–/fgr–) by anther culture.  Seven DH lines were subsequently selected as the potential new CMS maintainers based on their overall performance and high resistance to blast.  Our study demonstrated that integration of MAS and anther culture significantly accelerated the development of CMS maintainers with multiple stacked genes.
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22. Causes of maize density loss in farmers’ fields in Northeast China
ZHAO Ying-jie, XING Sen, ZHANG Qing-song, ZHANG Fu-suo, MA Wen-qi
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2019, 18 (8): 1680-1689.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62101-X
摘要169)      PDF    收藏
Increasing plant density is an effective and important way to reduce maize yield gaps in Northeast China.  However, the fact is that a significant plant density gap exists between optimum plant density and actual plant density in farmers’ fields.  To quantify the density gap between planned planting density and final harvest plant density (HPD), we studied 60 farmers’ fields on three types of soil for three crop seasons from 2015 to 2017 by measuring their plant-plant distance, actual seedlings density (ASD), final HPD and yield.  We also explored the potential causes of density loss by digging the places where the seedlings were missing for two consecutive years in 2016–2017.  Results show that the three-year average HPD in farmers’ fields was 59 699 plants ha–1, which was significantly lower than the planned density, including both the machine setting density (MSD; 67 962 plants ha–1) and theoretical plant density (TPD; 67 467 plants ha–1).  No significant difference was found in HPD between years and soil types.  However, for MSD and TPD, the average value in 2015 was significantly higher than that in 2016 and 2017.  No significant difference between soil types was observed.  Furthermore, the results from 2016 till 2017 indicated that a lack of seeds in the soil, a failure to germinate due to low-quality seeds, and a lack of seedlings breaking out of the soil due to environmental problems explained approximately 60.88, 10.33 and 28.80% of density loss, respectively.  According to our survey, 63% of farmers did not know their own TPD and HPD, and 54% of farmers did not know the density loss.  Therefore, we argue that farmers’ limited knowledge of density and density loss is an urgent problem that needs to be solved in maize production.  These observations will be useful for determining best management practices for maize production and for providing helpful suggestions for machine improvement. 
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23. Spatial-temporal evolution of vegetation evapotranspiration in Hebei Province, China
WANG Qian-feng, TANG Jia, ZENG Jing-yu, QU Yan-ping, ZHANG Qing, SHUI Wei, WANG Wu-lin, YI Lin, LENG Song
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (09): 2107-2117.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61900-2
摘要422)      PDF    收藏
Evapotranspiration (ET) is the sum of soil or water body evaporation and plant transpiration from the earth surface and ocean to the atmosphere, and thus plays a significant role in regulating carbon and water resource cycles.  The time-series data set from the remote sensing MOIDS product (MOD16) was used to study the spatial-temporal evolution of vegetation evapotranspiration in salinized areas during 2000–2014 by analyzing the variability, spatial patterns and Mann-Kendall (MK) nonparametric trends for the time series.  The results indicate that inter-annual and intra-annual variations of ET across various vegetated areas show seasonal changes, with the abnormal months identified.  The cultivated land displays a greater degree of spatial heterogeneity and the spatial pattern of ET in the area covered by broadleaved deciduous forests corresponds to a higher ET rate and increased water consumption.  A widespread decline of ET is observed only in cultivated areas.  However, agricultural cultivation doesn’t worsen water shortage and soil salinization problems in the region, and water shortage problems are worsening for other vegetated areas.  This research provides a basis of reference for the reasonable allocation of water resources and restructuring of vegetation patterns in salinized areas.
 
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24. Carbendazim sensitivity in populations of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides complex infecting strawberry and yams in Hubei Province of China
HAN Yong-chao, ZENG Xiang-guo, XIANG Fa-yun, ZHANG Qing-hua, GUO Cong, CHEN Feng-ying, GU Yu-chen
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (06): 1391-1400.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61854-9
摘要539)      PDF    收藏
The ascomycete fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is a devastating plant pathogen with a wide host range and worldwide distribution.  Carbendazim has been widely used to control anthracnose caused by the C. gloeosporioides complex in China for more than 30 years and resistance to carbendazim has been reported in China.  A total of 125 Colletotrichum isolates of strawberry and yam were collected from different geographical regions in Hubei Province, China.  Approximately 52.8% of Colletotrichum spp. isolates showed resistance to carbendazim.  The isolates tested in this study belong to four species, and the frequencies of resistant isolates differed across Colletotrichum species.  Resistant isolates were found in C. siamense and C. fructicola.  In contrast, all isolates of C. gloeosporioides and C. aenigma were sensitive to carbendazim.  Highly carbendazim-resistant isolates harbored the E198A mutation in the β-tubulin 2 (TUB2) gene, whereas moderately carbendazim-resistant isolates harbored the F200Y mutation in the TUB2 gene.  Carbendazim-sensitive Colletotrichum isolates in this study were not genetically similar enough to form a separate cluster from resistant isolates.  The result of this study emphasizes the importance of knowing which Colletotrichum sp. is present, when strategies for disease control are made.
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25. Multivariate analysis between meteorological factor and fruit quality of Fuji apple at different locations in China
ZHANG Qiang, ZHOU Bei-bei, LI Min-ji, WEI Qin-ping, HAN Zhen-hai
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (06): 1338-1347.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61826-4
摘要453)      PDF    收藏
China has the largest apple planting area and total yield in the world, and the Fuji apple is the major cultivar, accounting for more than 70% of apple planting acreage in China.  Apple qualities are affected by meteorological conditions, soil types, nutrient content of soil, and management practices.  Meteorological factors, such as light, temperature and moisture are key environmental conditions affecting apple quality that are difficult to regulate and control.  This study was performed to determine the effect of meteorological factors on the qualities of Fuji apple and to provide evidence for a reasonable regional layout and planting of Fuji apple in China.  Fruit samples of Fuji apple and meteorological data were investigated from 153 commercial Fuji apple orchards located in 51 counties of 11 regions in China from 2010 to 2011.  Partial least-squares regression and linear programming were used to analyze the effect model and impact weight of meteorological factors on fruit quality, to determine the major meteorological factors influencing fruit quality attributes, and to establish a regression equation to optimize meteorological factors for high-quality Fuji apples.  Results showed relationships between fruit quality attributes and meteorological factors among the various apple producing counties in China.  The mean, minimum, and maximum temperatures from April to October had the highest positive effects on fruit qualities in model effect loadings and weights, followed by the mean annual temperature and the sunshine percentage, the temperature difference between day and night, and the total precipitation for the same period.  In contrast, annual total precipitation and relative humidity from April to October had negative effects on fruit quality.  The meteorological factors exhibited distinct effects on the different fruit quality attributes.  Soluble solid content was affected from the high to the low row preface by annual total precipitation, the minimum temperature from April to October, the mean temperature from April to October, the temperature difference between day and night, and the mean annual temperature.  The regression equation showed that the optimum meteorological factors on fruit quality were the mean annual temperature of 5.5–18°C and the annual total precipitation of 602–1 121 mm for the whole year, and the mean temperature of 13.3–19.6°C, the minimum temperature of 7.8–18.5°C, the maximum temperature of 19.5°C, the temperature difference of 13.7°C between day and night, the total precipitation of 227 mm, the relative humidity of 57.5–84.0%, and the sunshine percentage of 36.5–70.0% during the growing period (from April to October).
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26. Nitrous oxide emissions following seasonal freeze-thaw events from arable soils in Northeast China
CHEN Zhe, YANG Shi-qi, ZHANG Ai-ping, JING Xin, SONG Wei-min, MI Zhao-rong, ZHANG Qingwen, WANG Wen-ying, YANG Zheng-li
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (01): 231-246.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61738-6
摘要614)      PDF    收藏
Seasonal soil freeze-thaw events may enhance soil nitrogen transformation and thus stimulate nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in cold regions.  However, the mechanisms of soil N2O emission during the freeze-thaw cycling in the field remain unclear.  We evaluated N2O emissions and soil biotic and abiotic factors in maize and paddy fields over 20 months in Northeast China, and the structural equation model (SEM) was used to determine which factors affected N2O production during non-growing season.  Our results verified that the seasonal freeze-thaw cycles mitigated the available soil nitrogen and carbon limitation during spring thawing period, but simultaneously increased the gaseous N2O-N losses at the annual time scale under field condition.  The N2O-N cumulative losses during the non-growing season amounted to 0.71 and 0.55 kg N ha–1 for the paddy and maize fields, respectively, and contributed to 66 and 18% of the annual total.  The highest emission rates (199.2–257.4 μg m–2 h–1) were observed during soil thawing for both fields, but we did not observe an emission peak during soil freezing in early winter.  Although the pulses of N2O emission in spring were short-lived (18 d), it resulted in approximately 80% of the non-growing season N2O-N loss.  The N2O burst during the spring thawing was triggered by the combined impact of high soil moisture, flush available nitrogen and carbon, and rapid recovery of microbial biomass.  SEM analysis indicated that the soil moisture, available substrates including NH4+ and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) explained 32, 36, 16 and 51% of the N2O flux variation, respectively, during the non-growing season.  Our results suggested that N2O emission during the spring thawing make a vital contribution of the annual nitrogen budget, and the vast seasonally frozen and snow-covered croplands will have high potential to exert a positive feedback on climate change considering the sensitive response of nitrogen biogeochemical cycling to the freeze-thaw disturbance.   
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27. Characterization of salt tolerance and Fusarium wilt resistance of a sweetpotato mutant
ZHANG Huan, ZHANG Qian, WANG Yan-nan, LI Yan, ZHAI Hong, LIU Qing-chang, HE Shao-zhen
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2017, 16 (09): 1946-1955.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61519-8
摘要720)      PDF    收藏
   The variant LM1 was previously obtained using embryogenic cell suspension cultures of sweetpotato variety Lizixiang by gamma-ray induced mutation, and then its characteristics were stably inherited through six clonal generations, thus this mutant was named LM1. In this study, systematic characterization of salt tolerance and Fusarium wilt resistance were performed between Lizixiang and mutant LM1. LM1 exhibited significantly higher salt tolerance compared to Lizixiang. The content of proline and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and photosynthesis were significantly increased, while malonaldehyde (MDA) and H2O2 contents were significantly decreased compared to that of Lizixiang under salt stress. The inoculation test with Fusarium wilt showed that its Fusarium wilt resistance was also improved. The lignin, total phenolic, jasmonic acid (JA) contents and SOD activity were significantly higher, while H2O2 content was significantly lower in LM1 than that in Lizixiang. The expression level of salt stress-responsive and disease resistance-related genes was significantly higher in LM1 than that in Lizixiang under salt and Fusarium wilt stresses, respectively. This result provides a novel and valuable material for improving the salt tolerance and Fusarium wilt resistance of sweetpotato.
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28. null
XU Lei, ZHANG Qiao, ZHANG Jing, ZHAO Liang, SUN Wei, JIN Yun-xiang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2017, 16 (02): 486-496.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(15)61285-0
摘要1094)      PDF    收藏
Extreme meteorological disaster effects on grain production is mainly determined by the interaction between danger degree of hazard-induced factors and vulnerability degree of hazard-affected bodies.  This paper treats physical exposure, sensitivity of the response to the impact, and capabilities of disaster prevention and mitigation as a complex system for vulnerability degree of hazard-affected bodies, which included the external shocks and internal stability mechanism.  Hazard-induced factors generate external shocks on grain production systems though exposure and sensitivity of hazard-affected body, and the result can be represented as affected area of grain.  By quantile regression model, this paper depicts the quantitative relationship between hazard-induced factors of extreme meteorological disaster and the affected area in the tail of the distribution.  Moreover, the model of production function have also been utilized to expound and prove the quantitative relationship between the affected area and final grain output under the internal stability mechanism of the agricultural natural resources endowment, the input factors of agricultural production, and the capacity of defending disaster.  The empirical study of this paper finds that impact effects of drought disaster to grain production system presents the basic law of “diminishing marginal loss”, namely, with the constant improvement of the grade of drought, marginal affected area produced by hazard-induced factors will be diminishing.  Scenario simulation of extreme drought impact shows that by every 1% reduction in summer average rainfall, grain production of Jilin Province will fell 0.2549% and cut production of grain 14.69% eventually.  In response to ensure China’s grain security, the construction of the long-term mechanism of agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation, and the innovation of agricultural risk management tools should be also included in the agricultural policy agenda.
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29. Evaluation of selenium and carotenoid concentrations of 200 foxtail millet accessions from China and their correlations with agronomic performance
LIU Min-xuan, ZHANG Zong-wen, REN Gui-xing, ZHANG Qi, WANG Yin-yue, LU Ping
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2016, 15 (7): 1449-1457.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(15)61160-1
摘要1950)      PDF    收藏
    As selenium and carotenoids are essential micronutrients, the determination of their concentrations in different varieties is important in the breeding of foxtail millet (Setaria italica L. P. Beauv.). To identify selenium- and carotenoid-enriched foxtail millet varieties and to analyze correlations between trace elements and agronomic traits, we measured the selenium and carotenoid concentrations of 200 Chinese accessions by high-performance liquid chromatography and atomic fluorescence spectrometry. Our analysis revealed that lutein concentration in 200 foxtail millet accessions followed normal distribution and average was 3.1 μg g–1. The mean value of zeaxanthin concentration in 200 accessions was 8.6 μg g–1. Lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations were higher in the foxtail millet from Liaoning than in varieties from other locations, with averages of 10.0 and 3.5 μg g–1, respectively. The average measured selenium concentration was 100.3 μg kg–1. The highest average selenium concentration, 110.3 μg kg–1, was found in varieties from Shanxi. Varieties from Inner Mongolia had the lowest average selenium concentration, 84.7 μg kg–1, which was significantly lower (P<0.05) than that of Shanxi. Selenium concentrations of 23 varieties were higher than 117.9 μg kg–1, accounting for 11.5% of the total, thereby were considered to be enriched in selenium. In addition, we identified 29 lutein-enriched varieties (>4.27 μg g–1) and 30 zeaxanthin-enriched ones (>12.63 μg g–1), which corresponded to 14.5 and 15% of tested accessions, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed that selenium concentration was significantly positively correlated with spikelet length (P<0.01), while zeaxanthin concentration was significantly correlated with grass weight (P<0.05) and spikelet length (P<0.01). No correlation was found between lutein concentration and agronomic characters, selenium content or zeaxanthin content. Our results should contribute substantially to the selection of suitable varieties for the development of plants with desired levels of these nutritionally important elements. These results will significantly contribute towards selection of the most suitable varieties for obtaining plants with desired levels of these nutritionally important elements.
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30. Identification of the nitrogen-fixing Pseudomonas stutzeri major flagellar gene regulator FleQ and its role in biofilm formation and root colonization
MA Yao, ZHANG Qiu-lei, YANG Zhi-min, LI Yun, YAN Yong-liang, PING Shu-zhen, ZHANG Li-wen, LIN Min, LU Wei
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2016, 15 (2): 339-348.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(15)61132-7
摘要1871)      PDF    收藏
Flagellar biosynthesis and motility are subject to a four-tiered transcriptional regulatory circuit in Pseudomonas, and the master regulator FleQ appears to be the highest-level regulator in this hierarchical regulatory cascade. Pseudomonas stutzeri A1501 is motile by a polar flagellum; however, the motility and regulatory mechanisms involved in this process are unknown. Here, we searched the A1501 genome for flagella and motility genes and found that approximately 50 genes, which were distributed in three non-contiguous chromosomal regions, contribute to the formation, regulation and function of the flagella. The non-polar mutation of fleQ impaired flagellar biosynthesis, motility and root colonization but enhanced biofilm formation. FleQ positively regulates the expression of flagellar class II–IV genes, suggesting a regulatory cascade that is coordinated similar to that of the well-known P. aeruginosa. Based on our results, we propose that flagellar genes in P. stutzeri A1501 are regulated in a cascade regulated by FleQ and that flagellum-driven motility properties may be necessary for competitive rhizosphere colonization.
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