挥发性代谢组和转录组揭示大花粉晕香水月季花香释放节律及分子机制

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2023.06.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

月季是世界上最重要的观赏植物之一，具有极高食用和药用价值，还被全世界范围广泛种植用来提取精油。本研究采用固相微萃取（SPME）和气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）联用法对在云南西北地区发现的具有浓郁甜香的新物种——大花粉晕香水月季（Rosa yangii）不同开花阶段的花香成分进行提取和分析。共检测到113种挥发性有机化合物，从中筛选出69种芳香挥发物。我们发现大花粉晕香水月季的花朵在初开期产生和释放的挥发性有机物明显高于其他开放阶段，此阶段合成并保留了大量的花香组分，说明在工业生产时更适合在初开期采收花朵。气味活性值（OAV）分析表明，大花粉晕香水月季的主要芳香成分包括丁香酚、甲基丁香醇、苯乙醛和苯乙醇、庚醛、癸醛、（E）-2-己烯-1-基乙酸酯、石竹烯等。代谢组和时序基因共表达网络（TO-GCN）联合分析显示，苯类/苯丙类挥发性有机化合物合成途径上的基因和有机挥发物对其浓郁甜香起主要调控作用。MYB和bHLH可能是调控丁香酚合成酶（EGS）和异丁香酚合成酶（IGS）合成进而影响花香的重要转录因子。综上所述，本研究可为观赏植物芳香分子育种提供科学依据，并促进植物精油新原料在食品储藏、芳香疗法、化妆品和香料行业的开发利用。

Abstract: Rose is a highly significant ornamental plant with substantial edible and medicinal value, cultivated worldwide primarily for perfume production. Recently, Rosa yangii, a new species found in northwestern Yunnan, China, has drawn attention due to its strong sweet scented flowers. In this study, the floral components of R. yangii were extracted at different flowering stages using solid phase micro extraction (SPME) and analyzed through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). A total of 131 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were detected from R. yangii, including 69 odor compounds. The production and release of floral VOCs were the highest during the initial-open stage, making it the most suitable time for harvesting as a significant number of floral components were synthesized and preserved. The analysis of the odor activity values (OAV) highlighted several key aromatic ingredients of R. yangii, such as eugenol, methyleugenol, benzeneacetaldehyde and phenylethylalcohol, heptanal, decanal, (E)-2-hexen-1-yl acetate, caryophyllene, and others. Metabolome and time-order gene co-expression networks (TO-GCN) revealed that VOCs and benzenoids/phenylpropanoids, along with associated genes, played a pivotal role in the overall floral regulatory network of R. yangii. MYB and bHLH were identified as the essential regulatory factors governing the regulation of eugenol synthase (EGS) and isoeugenol synthase (IGS), consequently influencing the sweet scent of R. yangii. The findings of this study provide a scientific foundation for enhancing fragrance through molecular breeding of ornamental plants. Furthermore, the study facilitated the development and utilization of this new plant’s essential oil material in various industries, including food storage, aromatherapy, cosmetic, and perfumery.

Key words: rose , sweet fragrance , SPME-GC–MS , aroma VOCs , TO-GCN

ZHOU Li-jun, HUANG Run-huan, LIU Ting-han, LIU Wei-chao, CHEN Yun-yi, LU Pei-feng, LUO Le, PAN Hui-tang, YU Chao, ZHANG Qi-xiang. 挥发性代谢组和转录组揭示大花粉晕香水月季花香释放节律及分子机制[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(7): 2111-2125.

ZHOU Li-jun, HUANG Run-huan, LIU Ting-han, LIU Wei-chao, CHEN Yun-yi, LU Pei-feng, LUO Le, PAN Hui-tang, YU Chao, ZHANG Qi-xiang. Volatile metabolome and transcriptome reveal fragrance release rhythm and molecular mechanisms of Rosa yangii[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(7): 2111-2125.

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