Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (23): 4678-4687.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.23.009

• SOIL & FERTILIZER·WATER-SAVING IRRIGATION·AGROECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Net Anthropogenic Nitrogen Inputs and Its Influencing Factors in Three Typical Watersheds of China

ZHANG TianPeng1(),YAN TieZhu1,JIN PingZhong2,LEI QiuLiang1,*(),LIAN HuiShu1,3,LI Ying1,4,5,LI XiaoHong1,OU HuiPing6,ZHOU JiaoGen7,DU XinZhong1,WU ShuXia1,LIU HongBin1   

  1. 1Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081
    2Eryuan County Agricultural Environmental Protection Monitoring Station, Eryuan 671200, Yunnan
    3School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong
    4Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Beijing 100101
    5University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
    6Agricultural Resource and Environment Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007
    7School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, Jiangsu
  • Received:2021-10-21 Accepted:2021-12-29 Online:2022-12-01 Published:2022-12-06
  • Contact: QiuLiang LEI E-mail:ztp_yy220722@163.com;leiqiuliang@caas.cn

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Abstract:

【Objective】 Net anthropogenic nitrogen input (NANI) is one of the important causes to non-point source pollution. In order to investigate the spatio-temporal characteristics and influencing factors of net anthropogenic nitrogen input, the key source areas were identified and the key sources in watersheds were analyzed, so as to provide data support for solving the problem of non-point source nitrogen pollution. 【Method】 Three watersheds were selected according to their characteristics, among which Xiangxi River watershed was a typical agriculture watershed, Erhai watershed was comprehensively promotion model of green agricultural development, and Taihu watershed was a typical urban centralized watershed. Based on the NANI model, the data was obtained through statistical yearbook and literature review to evaluate NANI of the three typical watersheds.【Result】 In terms of NANI intensity, the average value of NANI in the three typical watersheds was ranked as follows: Taihu watershed (13 241 kg·km-2·a-1), Xiangxi River watershed (2 183 kg·km-2·a-1), and Erhai watershed (1 582 kg·km-2·a-1). In terms of NANI sources, nitrogen application (Nfer) and food/feed nitrogen (Nim) were the largest sources of NANI, accounting for 58%-97%. The NANI contribution ranked in the order of nitrogen application, food/feed nitrogen input, nitrogen deposition input, and crop nitrogen fixation input. In terms of time, food/feed nitrogen input of Xiangxi River watershed decreased by 23 percentage points from 2010 to 2019, while nitrogen deposition increased by 34 percentage points. From 2010 to 2019, nitrogen application in NANI decreased by 86 percentage points in Erhai watershed. From 2010 to 2019, the input of food/feed nitrogen to NANI in Taihu watershed increased by 31 percentage points, while the input of crop nitrogen fixation and nitrogen deposition decreased by 14 and 12 percentage points, respectively. In terms of influencing factors, NANI was significantly correlated with urban population density in the three typical watersheds (P<0.05), and NANI increased with the increase of urban population density. The Xiangxi River watershed had a significant effect on the proportion of cultivated land and NANI fitting (P<0.05), but the Erhai watershed and Taihu watershed was not significant effect (P>0.05)..【Conclusion】 Zhaojun town, Xiakou town and Huangliang town in Xiangxi River watershed, Xiaguan town, Shangguan town and Fengyi town in Erhai watershed, and Zhangjiagang City, Xiucheng District in Jiaxing City, Gongshu District and Nanhui District in Taihu watershed were the key source areas of NANI. Fertilizer application was the main source of NANI in Xiangxi River watershed where is mainly agricultural. The input of food/feed nitrogen and fertilizer nitrogen were the main sources of NANI in Taihu watershed where is mainly urbanization. The green agricultural development model could significantly reduce net anthropogenic nitrogen input. Therefore, it was beneficial to control agricultural non-point source pollution by vigorously promoting agricultural green development measures and effectively reducing the input of feed and fertilizer in key source areas.

Key words: net anthropogenic nitrogen inputs (NANI), Xiangxi River watershed, Erhai watershed, Taihu watershed, urban population density

Table 1

Parameters and abbreviations"

简称
Abbreviation		 全称
Full name
NANI 人类活动净氮输入量
Net anthropogenic nitrogen inputs
Nfer 化肥氮施入量 Fertilizer nitrogen input
Nim 食品/饲料氮输入量 Food/feed nitrogen input
Ncro 作物固氮量 Nitrogen fixation of crops
Ndep 大气氮沉降量 Atmospheric nitrogen deposition
Nhc 人类食品氮消费量 Food nitrogen consumption
Nlc 畜禽饲料氮消费量
Livestock and poultry feed nitrogen consumption
Ncp 作物氮生产量 Crop nitrogen production
Nlp 畜禽产品氮产量
Nitrogen production of livestock and poultry products
POP1 农村人口数量 Rural population
POP2 城镇人口数量 Urban population
AN 区域畜禽养殖数量
Number of regional livestock and poultry breeding
ANI 氮素摄入水平 Nitrogen intake levels
CP 作物含氮量 Nitrogen content of crops
PC 作物产量 Crop yield
ANO 畜禽排泄水平 Livestock and poultry excretion levels

Fig. 1

Diagram of NANI computational structure and nitrogen input for each source Xiangxi River watershed/Taihu watershed/Erhai watershed (Nitrogen inputs in 2019)"

Fig. 2

NANI spatial distribution of three watersheds"

Fig. 3

NANI source structure of three watersheds"

Fig. 4

Influence of population density and agriculture area ratio on NANI"

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