普通小麦-簇毛麦T5VS·5DL易位染色体对小麦主要农艺性状、品质和白粉病抗性的遗传效应分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.06.01

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The objective of this study is to understand the genetic effect of wheat-H.villosa T5VS·5DL translocated chromosome on yield traits, powdery mildew resistance，grain quality of common wheat and transmission of T5VS·5DL chromosome through male and female Gametes, and further learn more about its utilization value in wheat breeding improvement. 【Method】Based on the identification of T5VS·5DL translocated chromosome by GISH and five 5VS specific molecular markers, the advanced-generation backcrossing lines with T5VS·5DL translocated chromosome and their F₂, F_2:3 separation populations of which recurrent parents are Yangmai 15 and Yangmai 13, respectively, were used to investigate the yield traits, powdery mildew resistance and grain quality. The backcrossing lines were planted in greenhouse and field in 2013-2014, while the separation populations were only planted in greenhouse. Also, the mixed races of Blumeria graminis (DC.) E.O.Speer f. sp. tritici (Bgt) were used to infect the materials at seeding stage and adult plant stage. 【Result】The results showed that there were no significant differences between T5VS·5DL lines and their recurrent parents in agronomic traits，including plant height，spike length，spike/spikelets, grains/spike and 1000-kernal weight which might be due to the better compensation of 5VS instead of 5DS. Compared to Yangmai15 and Yangmai13, the advanced-generation backcrossing T5VS·5DL translocation lines appeared lower in SKCS values, water solvent retention capacities and Na₂CO₃ solvent retention capacities, and similar in sucrose solvent retention capacities, lactic acid solvent retention capacities and protein content, which might be due to the different genotypes of softness genes located on 5VS and 5DS. Therefore, T5VS·5DL might have a positive effect on soft wheat quality. In addition, the results of powdery mildew resistance investigated at seedling stage and adult plant stage indicated that T5VS·5DL lines were susceptible at seedling stage, while heighly resistant at adult plant stage, suggesting the adult-plant powdery mildew resistance gene was present in T5VS·5DL lines. Genetic analysis showed that powdery mildew resistance was controlled by a dominant single gene located on T5VS·5DL translocated chromosome. The results of specific molecular marker analysis in BC₅F₂ generation showed that the ratio of homozygous plants, heterozygous plants and non-translocated chromosome plants followed Mendelian rules, suggesting that translocation chromosome T5VS·5DL can transmit to offsprings stably. The co-dominant marker 5EST-237, Pinb-1 with simple amplification conditions and easily distinguishable specific bands should be preferred in molecular marker assisted selection in wheat breeding. 【Conclusion】From breeding point of view, the T5VS·5DL translocation lines with positive effect on soft wheat quality and powdery mildew resistance gene should be used widely in breeding and quality improvement of weak-strength wheat.

Key words: T5VS·5DL translocation line, weak-strength gluten wheat, powdery mildew resistance, breeding element

ZHANG Rui-qi, FENG Yi-gao, HOU Fu, CHEN Shu-lin, BIE Tong-de, CHEN Pei-du. The Genetic Effect of Wheat-H.villosa T5VS·5DL Translocated Chromosome on Agronomic Characteristics, Quality and Powdery Mildew Resistance of Common Wheat[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(6): 1041-1051.

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