四种小花蝽对豆大蓟马、二斑叶螨和豆蚜的捕食能力比较

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.21.011

中国农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (21): 4421-4428.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.21.011

• 豇豆“两虫一病”绿色防控研究与实践创新 • 上一篇下一篇

四种小花蝽对豆大蓟马、二斑叶螨和豆蚜的捕食能力比较

代晓彦¹(), 赵金凤¹, 王瑞娟¹, 苏龙¹, 王瑜¹, 成文华², 徐倩倩¹, 赵珊¹, 郑礼¹, 刘艳¹(), 翟一凡¹()

¹ 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部天敌昆虫重点实验室，济南 250100
² 莘县农业农村局，山东聊城 252000

收稿日期:2025-05-05 接受日期:2025-07-06 出版日期:2025-11-01 发布日期:2025-11-06
通信作者:
刘艳，E-mail：liuyan8882@126.com。
翟一凡，E-mail：saaszyifan@163.com。
联系方式: 代晓彦，E-mail：15169087554@163.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2024YFD1400100); 2024年农业科技攻关项目(GG202405); 泰山学者青年专家项目(tsqn202312293); 山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程(CXGC2025B01); 山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程(CXGC2025C05); 山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程(CXGC2025F05); 山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程(CXGC2025H01)

Comparison of the Predation Ability of Four Species of Orius Against Megalurothrips usitatus, Tetranychus urticae and Aphis craccivora

DAI XiaoYan¹(), ZHAO JinFeng¹, WANG RuiJuan¹, SU Long¹, WANG Yu¹, CHENG WenHua², XU QianQian¹, ZHAO Shan¹, ZHENG Li¹, LIU Yan¹(), ZHAI YiFan¹()

¹ Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Natural Enemy Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ji’nan 250100
² Shen County Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong

Received:2025-05-05 Accepted:2025-07-06 Published:2025-11-01 Online:2025-11-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】明确商品小花蝽（明小花蝽Orius nagaii、东亚小花蝽Orius sauteri、微小花蝽Orius minutus和南方小花蝽Orius strigicollis）防治豇豆主要害虫豆大蓟马（Megalurothrips usitatus）、二斑叶螨（Tetranychus urticae）和豆蚜（Aphis craccivora）的优势种，为小花蝽在田间的示范推广及商品化生产提供科学依据。【方法】在室内条件下，通过测试单头雌成虫在24 h内对不同密度害虫（豆大蓟马：10、20、30、40头/管；二斑叶螨：5、10、15、20头/皿；豆蚜低龄若虫：5、10、15、20头/皿）下的捕食量、捕食功能反应和搜寻效应，应用Holling II圆盘方程分析4种小花蝽对3种害虫的捕食能力和生物防治潜力。【结果】4种小花蝽的日捕食量均随害虫（豆大蓟马、二斑叶螨和豆蚜）密度的增加而提高，其捕食功能反应均符合Holling II模型方程，且4种小花蝽其搜寻效应均随猎物密度增加而逐渐降低；在捕食豆大蓟马时，明小花蝽表现出更强的捕食能力，其瞬时攻击率（a′）为0.861，捕食能力（a′/Th）为661.932头，日捕食量上限（1/Th）为769.231头，处理单头猎物时间（Th）为0.001 d，均高于其他3种小花蝽；在捕食二斑叶螨时，明小花蝽处理单头猎物时间是0.004 d，捕食能力为260.617头，日捕食量上限为285.714头，同样优于其他3种小花蝽；而对豆蚜的捕食能力，4种小花蝽之间差异不显著。【结论】在常温条件下，与其他3种小花蝽相比，明小花蝽对豆大蓟马和二斑叶螨具有更强的捕食能力，但4种小花蝽对豆蚜捕食功能差异较小。

关键词: 小花蝽, 豆大蓟马, 二斑叶螨, 豆蚜, 捕食能力

Abstract:

【Objective】The purpose of this study is to identify the dominant species of commercial Orius species (O. nagaii, O. sauteri, O. minutus and O. strigicollis) against the main pest of cowpea Megalurothrips usitatus, Tetranychus urticae and Aphis craccivora, and to provide a scientific basis for field demonstration and commercial production of Orius species. 【Method】The single-headed female adult of a single species of Orius was used to test the predation, functional responses and search effects of different densities of M. usitatus (10, 20, 30, 40 /tube), T. urticae (5, 10, 15, 20 /dish) and A. craccivora young nymphs (5, 10, 15, 20 /dish) under indoor conditions. Holling II equation was used to analyze the predation ability and biological control potential of four Orius species on three pests. 【Result】The daily predation of four Orius species increased with the increase of the density of pests (M. usitatus, T. urticae and A. craccivora). The predatory functional response of the four Orius species conformed to the Holling II model equation, and the search effect of the four Orius species gradually decreased with the increase of prey density. While hunting M. usitatus, the transient attack rate (a′) (0.861), predation ability (a′/Th) (661.932), maximum daily predation amount (1/Th) (769.231) and processing time of single prey (Th) (0.001 d) of O. nagaii were higher than those of the other three species. While hunting T. urticae, the processing time of single prey (0.004 d), predation ability (260.617) and maximum daily predation amount (285.714) of O. nagaii were also higher than those of the other three species. There was no significant difference in the predation ability of the four Orius species on A. craccivora. 【Conclusion】At room temperature, compared with the other three Orius species, O. nagaii has better predation ability on M. usitatus and T. urticae, but the four species have little difference in predation on A. craccivora.

Key words: Orius species, Megalurothrips usitatus, Tetranychus urticae, Aphis craccivora, predation ability

代晓彦, 赵金凤, 王瑞娟, 苏龙, 王瑜, 成文华, 徐倩倩, 赵珊, 郑礼, 刘艳, 翟一凡. 四种小花蝽对豆大蓟马、二斑叶螨和豆蚜的捕食能力比较[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(21): 4421-4428.

DAI XiaoYan, ZHAO JinFeng, WANG RuiJuan, SU Long, WANG Yu, CHENG WenHua, XU QianQian, ZHAO Shan, ZHENG Li, LIU Yan, ZHAI YiFan. Comparison of the Predation Ability of Four Species of Orius Against Megalurothrips usitatus, Tetranychus urticae and Aphis craccivora[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(21): 4421-4428.

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猎物种类 Prey species	天敌种类 Natural enemy	功能反应方程 Functional response (Na=)	相关系数 Correlation coefficient (R²)	瞬时攻击率 a′	Th (d)	捕食能力 Predation ability (a′/Th)	1/Th	χ² (df=2)	P	残差平方和 RSS
豆大蓟马 M. usitatus	南方小花蝽 O. strigicollis	0.9477N/（1+0.0046N）	0.996	0.948	0.005	193.406	204.082	0.077	0.962	5.38
	明小花蝽 O. nagaii	0.8605N/（1+0.0011N）	0.996	0.861	0.001	661.932	769.231	0.107	0.948	8.68
	东亚小花蝽 O. sauteri	1.1011N/（1+0.0163N）	0.946	1.101	0.015	74.397	67.568	0.248	0.884	14.53
	微小花蝽 O. minutus	0.8569N/（1+0.0017N）	0.995	0.857	0.002	428.449	500.000	0.081	0.960	2.23
二斑叶螨 T. urticae	南方小花蝽 O. strigicollis	1.0492N/（1+0.0143N）	0.998	1.049	0.014	77.148	73.529	0.024	0.988	0.23
	明小花蝽 O. nagaii	0.9122N/（1+0.0032N）	0.981	0.912	0.004	260.617	285.714	0.624	0.732	2.94
	东亚小花蝽 O. sauteri	0.8546N/（1+0.0138N）	0.987	0.855	0.016	52.750	61.728	0.387	0.824	2.94
	微小花蝽 O. minutus	1.0530N/（1+0.0142N）	0.997	1.053	0.014	77.997	74.074	0.220	0.896	1.17
豆蚜 A. craccivora	南方小花蝽 O. strigicollis	1.0492N/（1+0.0143N）	0.984	1.500	0.080	18.796	12.531	1.452	0.484	0.44
	明小花蝽 O. nagaii	0.9122N/（1+0.0032N）	0.974	1.108	0.089	12.450	11.236	2.458	0.293	0.55
	东亚小花蝽 O. sauteri	0.8546N/（1+0.0138N）	0.985	0.870	0.088	9.849	11.325	1.065	0.448	0.20
	微小花蝽 O. minutus	1.0530N/（1+0.0142N）	0.989	1.261	0.095	13.245	10.504	2.396	0.302	0.11

四种小花蝽对豆大蓟马、二斑叶螨和豆蚜的捕食能力比较

Comparison of the Predation Ability of Four Species of Orius Against Megalurothrips usitatus, Tetranychus urticae and Aphis craccivora

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