海岛棉纤维强度QTL紧密连锁InDel分子标记开发及效应评价

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.09.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】海岛棉具有优异的纤维品质，纤维断裂比强度是棉花纤维品质的一个重要指标。开发InDel分子标记，通过RIL群体和资源材料进行验证，并分析其有效性，为选育优异纤维品质海岛棉新品种提供一定的理论依据。【方法】以前期构建的213份Pima S-7和5917 F_5:6重组自交系（RIL）群体为材料，进行QTL定位，获得调控海岛棉纤维强度数量性状基因座位点qFS-chr17-1，根据亲本全基因组测序（WGS）数据开发设计InDel标记，并在亲本间筛选多态性标记。根据表型数据选取40份极端家系材料初步验证所开发的多态性标记。在213份RIL群体和213份海岛棉资源材料中进行基因分型，并结合多年纤维品质数据验证标记的有效性。【结果】利用开发的2个InDel标记在RIL群体与海岛棉资源材料进行基因分型检测，结果表明，2个标记能够与纤维强度表型数据紧密连锁，所区分材料间纤维强度性状具有显著差异。通过组合2个标记基因型检测结果，发现4种组合类型的纤维强度呈现上升趋势，且携带Hap3（B/A）与Hap4（B/B）基因型的材料纤维强度显著强于Hap1（A/A）与Hap2（A/B）。InDel-3L2标记与纤维长度、纤维整齐度和纺纱一致性指数等纤维品质性状显著相关，所区分材料表型趋势与相关性分析结果一致。根据多年环境下两试验点的纤维品质数据分析，发现不同环境间的纤维品质有差异，结合气温数据，发现所开发的分子标记受环境影响小。通过对213份海岛棉资源材料纤维品质数据进行聚类分析，并结合分子标记分型结果，共筛选出8份优异纤维品质材料。【结论】针对海岛棉纤维强度QTL位点（qFS-chr17-1）开发出2个与纤维强度紧密连锁的InDel分子标记，将两标记分型结果组合后仍具有有效性。InDel-3L2可以与纤维长度、纤维整齐度和纺纱一致性指数连锁。开发的InDel标记可以高效准确地检测海岛棉纤维高强度资源材料，可以用于海岛棉纤维品质改良育种。还筛选出8份优异纤维品质材料。

关键词: 海岛棉, 纤维强度, InDel标记, 种质资源, 组合分子标记

Abstract:

【Objective】 The objective of this study is to develop InDel molecular markers for Island cotton, which is characterized by its superior fiber quality, particularly the fiber tensile strength-a key indicator of cotton fiber quality. The study aims to validate these markers using RIL (Recombinant Inbred Line) populations and resource materials, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for breeding new varieties of Island cotton with enhanced fiber quality. 【Method】 Utilizing a previously established population of 213 Pima S-7 and 5917 F_5:6 RILs, we conducted QTL (Quantitative Trait Locus) mapping to identify the locus regulating fiber strength in Island cotton, designated qFS-chr17-1. InDel markers were designed based on whole genome sequencing (WGS) data of the parental lines, followed by the identification of polymorphic markers. Preliminary validation of these markers was performed using 40 extreme family materials selected based on phenotypic data. Genotyping was carried out on both the 213 RIL population and the 213 Island cotton resource population, alongside multi-year fiber quality data to assess the markers' effectiveness. 【Result】 The genotyping of the RIL and Island cotton resource populations with the two developed InDel markers indicated a close linkage to fiber strength phenotypic data, with significant differences observed in fiber strength traits among the differentiated materials. The analysis of genotypic combinations revealed an upward trend in fiber strength across four combination types, with materials exhibiting the Hap3 (B/A) and Hap4 (B/B) genotypes demonstrating significantly greater fiber strength than those with Hap1 (A/A) and Hap2 (A/B). Furthermore, the InDel-3L2 marker showed significant correlations with fiber length, fiber uniformity, and spinning consistency index, consistent with the observed phenotypic trends. Analysis of multi-year fiber quality data from two experimental sites revealed environmental variability in fiber quality, while temperature data indicated that the developed molecular markers are minimally influenced by environmental factors. Clustering analysis of fiber quality data from 213 Island cotton resource materials, combined with molecular marker genotyping, identified eight materials exhibiting superior fiber quality. 【Conclusion】 This study successfully developed two InDel molecular markers closely linked to the fiber strength QTL (qFS-chr17-1), which maintain their effectiveness upon combination. The InDel-3L2 marker demonstrates significant correlations with fiber length, fiber uniformity, and spinning consistency index. These markers can efficiently and accurately identify high-strength fiber resources in Island cotton, contributing to the breeding of improved fiber quality. Additionally, eight materials with excellent fiber quality have been identified.

Key words: Gossypium barbadense, fiber strength, InDel markers, germplasm resources, combined molecular markers

吕涛, 孙国清, 郭栋材, 陈全家, 蔡永生, 樊标星, 曲延英, 郑凯. 海岛棉纤维强度QTL紧密连锁InDel分子标记开发及效应评价[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(9): 1684-1701.

LÜ Tao, SUN GuoQing, GUO DongCai, CHEN QuanJia, CAI YongSheng, FAN BiaoXing, QU YanYing, ZHENG Kai. Development and Effectiveness Evaluation of InDel Molecular Markers Closely Linked to Fiber Strength QTL in Gossypium barbadense[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(9): 1684-1701.

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引物名称 Primer name	染色体D03 Chr. D03	插入/缺失 In/Del	扩增片段 Amplicon size (bp)	引物序列 Primer sequence (5′-3′)
InDel-3L2	3274389	Del 19bp	145	F(CCGAACAAAGGGTTAAATCG)
InDel-3L2	3274389	Del 19bp	145	R(TTCGACTGCCAGACAAATAA)
InDel-3R3	3986566	In 16bp	172	F(TAAATTTCCCTCCTTTCGGC)
InDel-3R3	3986566	In 16bp	172	R(TGATTGAGTATGGGTTTTGG)

标记Marker	Hap1	Hap2	Hap3	Hap4
InDel-3L2	A	A	B	B
InDel-3R3	A	B	A	B
总计Total	100	40	31	13

类型 Type	材料 Material	纤维长度 FL (mm)	纤维强度 FS (cN·tex^-1)	马克隆值 MIC	纤维伸长率 FE (%)	纤维整齐度 FU (%)	纺纱一致性指数 SCI
Hap4 (B/B)	GB2	33.94	41.49	4.34	5.30	86.58	199.05
	GB7	31.82	42.55	4.18	5.75	87.14	213.79
	GB8	32.93	43.88	4.08	6.08	87.55	204.30
	GB21	34.45	45.82	4.07	6.10	89.73	224.61
	GB26	32.51	45.79	4.31	4.99	88.13	215.15
	GB33	35.56	42.77	4.29	6.47	88.58	201.13
	GB37	33.87	46.32	4.10	6.40	87.59	210.13
	GB85	34.30	42.58	4.04	5.34	86.15	216.90
Hap3 (B/A)	GB3	32.77	43.94	4.14	5.60	87.54	204.97
	GB5	34.74	42.57	4.24	6.41	88.20	202.22
	GB6	33.73	42.70	4.08	5.65	88.23	217.74
	GB15	34.67	43.84	4.27	5.34	87.94	208.15
	GB16	34.61	43.16	4.29	5.87	88.17	206.27
	GB18	33.99	41.99	4.18	5.81	87.73	204.03
	GB20	34.83	44.36	4.15	5.76	88.45	211.63
	GB23	32.45	42.89	4.23	5.98	88.49	210.73
	GB35	33.51	42.18	4.55	5.54	87.06	195.89
	GB38	32.66	44.28	4.43	6.01	87.78	201.15
	GB58	32.92	43.33	4.52	5.47	87.96	218.97