最新录用：光强对苗期大豆叶片水力导度及叶脉性状的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究光强对苗期大豆叶片水力导度、光合特性和叶水势的影响，分析叶脉性状对不同生长光强的适应机制，为提高大豆光能利用提供理论支撑。【方法】选用强耐荫型的大豆品种南豆12和弱耐荫型的大豆品种桂夏7为试验材料，在人工气候室进行盆栽实验，设置高光强（424.47±12.32 µmol·m^-2·s^-1，HL）、中光强（162.52±20.31 µmol·m^-2·s^-1，ML）和低光强（93.93±9.87 µmol·m^-2·s^-1，LL）处理。在处理20 d后研究不同生长光强对苗期大豆叶片水力导度、光合参数、叶片水势及叶脉性状的影响。【结果】相对于HL处理，LL处理下南豆12和桂夏7的叶片水力导度显著降低，南豆12的叶片水力导度在3个处理下均显著高于桂夏7。与HL相比，在ML和LL处理下南豆12的叶片水力导度分别降低了7.56%和21.24%，气孔导度分别降低了43.96%和58.89%，净光合速率分别降低了29.44%和46.49%。同样，桂夏7的叶片水力导度分别降低了42.16%和23.71%，气孔导度分别降低了54.55%和45.79%，净光合速率分别降低了37.03%和42.06%。南豆12和桂夏7的叶片水势在处理间均无显著差异。大豆的叶片水力导度与气孔导度在3个光强处理下均达到极显著正相关（P＜0.01），随着光强的降低，叶片水力导度与净光合速率显著正相关（P＜0.05），叶片水力导度与气孔导度极显著正相关（P＜0.01）。对于叶脉结构，与HL相比，ML和LL处理下两个大豆品种的小叶脉密度以及主叶脉和小叶脉的木质部导管面积均显著降低，且南豆12的小叶脉密度和主叶脉木质部导管面积在ML和LL处理下均显著高于桂夏7。南豆12的主叶脉密度在处理间无显著变化，桂夏7的主叶脉密度在ML和LL处理下较HL显著降低了11.4%和15%。光强降低显著增长了叶脉到气孔的距离。与HL相比，南豆12在ML和LL处理下叶脉到气孔的距离较HL增长了21.33%和60.01%，桂夏7叶脉到气孔的距离增长了31.50%和53.59%。通过相关性分析，大豆叶片水力导度与小叶脉密度、主叶脉和小叶脉的木质部导管面积显著正相关关系（P＜0.05），与叶脉到气孔的距离呈极显著负相关关系（P＜0.01）。【结论】光强会通过调控大豆叶脉结构影响叶片水力导度，弱光降低大豆叶片水力导度，但叶片水力导度和气孔导度保持协调，维持叶片水分供需平衡。弱光下具有较高的叶脉密度能够缩短水分运输的距离，保证较好的叶片水分供应能力，从而有利于CO₂的扩散和光合作用，这是耐荫型大豆适应弱光环境的又一策略。

关键词: 大豆, 叶片水力导度, 气孔导度, 光强, 叶脉

Abstract: 【Objective】The present study investigates the impacts of different light intensities on leaf water potential, hydraulic conductivity, and photosynthetic characteristics of soybean at the seedling stage. In addition, the adaptation mechanisms of leaf vein traits in response to variation in light intensities have been found to provide theoretical support for improving light energy utilization in soybean in the future.【Method】Two soybean cultivars‘Nandou 12’ (shade-tolerant) and‘Guixia 7’ (shade-sensitive) were grown and placed in growth chambers where the plants were subjected to different light treatments as high light intensity (424.47±12.32 µmol·m^-2·s^-1, HL), medium light intensity (162.52±20.31 µmol·m^-2·s^-1, ML) and low light intensity (93.93±9.87µmol·m^-2·s^-1, LL). The effects of different growth light intensities on hydraulic conductance, photosynthetic parameters, leaf water potential and leaf vein traits in seedling soybean leaves were studied after 20 days of treatment.【Result】The results of present study revealed that LL treatment significantly impacted the leaf hydraulic conductance of both soybean cultivars, and the leaf hydraulic conductance of Nandou 12 was significantly higher than that of Guixia 7 under all three treatments. The treatment ML and LL reduced the leaf hydraulic conductance of Nandou 12 by 7.56% and 21.24%, net photosynthetic rate by 29.44% and 46.49%, and stomatal conductance by 43.96% and 58.89% over the HL, respectively. Similarly, the leaf hydraulic conductance of Guixia 7 was reduced by 42.16% and 23.71%, stomatal conductance by 54.55% and 45.79%, and net photosynthetic rate by 37.03% and 42.06% under ML and LL treatment, respectively. Moreover, no significant differences in leaf water potential of both cultivars were found among different treatments. Leaf hydraulic conductance and stomatal conductance of soybean reached a highly significant positive correlation (P＜0.01) with three light intensity treatments. A positive correlation of leaf hydraulic conductance with net photosynthetic rate (P＜0.05) and stomatal conductance (P＜0.01) were observed as the light intensity decreased. On the other hand, the minor leaf vein density and area of xylem conduits of major and minor veins were considerably reduced under ML and LL in both soybean cultivars. The minor leaf vein density and area of xylem conduits of major vein were significantly higher in Nandou 12 over the Guixia 7 under ML and LL treatments. The major leaf vein density of Nandou 12 did not change significantly between treatments, and that of Guixia 7 was significantly reduced by 11.4% and 15% under ML and LL treatments compared to HL. A decrease in the light intensity significantly increased the distance between leaf vein and stomata. The treatment ML and LL increased the distance between vein and stomata by 21.33% and 60.01% for Nandou 12 and by 31.50% and 53.59% for Guixia 7 as compared to HL treatment. Correlation analyses showed that hydraulic conductance of soybean leaves was significantly positively correlated (P＜0.05) with the density of minor leaf veins, area of xylem conduits of major and minor veins, and negatively correlated (P＜0.01) with the distance between vain and stomata.【Conclusion】Light intensity affects leaf hydraulic conductance by regulating the leaf vein structure of soybean. Low light reduces leaf hydraulic conductance in soybean, but leaf hydraulic conductance and stomatal conductance remain coordinated to maintain a balance between leaf water supply and demand as light intensity decreases. Having a higher vein density under low light can shorten the distance of water transport and ensure a better leaf water supply capacity, thus facilitating CO₂ diffusion and photosynthesis, which is another strategy for shade-tolerant soybean to adapt to a low-light environment.

Key words: soybean, leaf hydraulic conductivity, stomatal conductance, light intensity, leaf vein

高静, 陈吉玉, 谭先明, 吴雨珊, 杨文钰, 杨峰. 最新录用：光强对苗期大豆叶片水力导度及叶脉性状的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 0, (): 1-.

GAO Jing, CHEN JiYu, TAN XianMing, WU YuShan, YANG WenYu, YANG Feng.

Effect of Light Intensity on Hydraulic Conductivity and Leaf Vein Traits in Soybean Leaves at Seedling Stage [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 0, (): 1-.

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最新录用：光强对苗期大豆叶片水力导度及叶脉性状的影响

Effect of Light Intensity on Hydraulic Conductivity and Leaf Vein Traits in Soybean Leaves at Seedling Stage

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