花后弱光胁迫对成都平原籼稻米饭食味品质的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.03.003

中国农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (3): 430-440.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.03.003

• 耕作栽培·生理生化·农业信息技术 • 上一篇下一篇

花后弱光胁迫对成都平原籼稻米饭食味品质的影响

朱莜芸(), 曾玉玲(), 李博, 袁玉洁, 周星, 李秋萍, 何辰延, 陈勇, 王丽, 程红, 周伟, 陶有凤, 雷小龙, 任万军(), 邓飞()

西南作物基因资源发掘与利用国家重点实验室/农业农村部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室/四川农业大学农学院，四川温江 611130

收稿日期:2022-05-05 接受日期:2022-07-04 出版日期:2023-02-01 发布日期:2023-02-14
通信作者: 任万军，E-mail：rwjun@126.com。邓飞，E-mail：ddf273634096@163.com
联系方式: 朱莜芸，E-mail：1142191386@qq.com。曾玉玲，E-mail：244204837@qq.com。朱莜芸和曾玉玲为同等贡献作者。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(U20A2022);国家自然科学基金(31901442);四川省科技计划(2021YJ0492)

Effect of Post-Anthesis Shading Stress on Eating Quality of Indica Rice in Chengdu Plain

ZHU YouYun(), ZENG YuLing(), LI Bo, YUAN YuJie, ZHOU Xing, LI QiuPing, HE ChenYan, CHEN Yong, WANG Li, CHENG Hong, ZHOU Wei, TAO YouFeng, LEI XiaoLong, REN WanJun(), DENG Fei()

Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Cultivation in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, Sichuan

Received:2022-05-05 Accepted:2022-07-04 Published:2023-02-01 Online:2023-02-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】明确花后弱光胁迫对成都平原籼稻米饭食味品质的影响，为弱光稻区耐荫水稻品种的选用提供理论和实践依据。【方法】以不同直链淀粉含量籼稻品种为试验材料，于2019至2020年在四川温江开展田间控光试验，通过对稻米组分、RVA谱特征值，以及米饭质构特性和食味品质的测定，研究了弱光胁迫对水稻米饭食味品质的影响。【结果】（1）弱光胁迫显著降低稻米直链、支链和总淀粉含量，但显著提高蛋白质和脂肪含量。（2）弱光胁迫下，稻米峰值黏度和崩解值显著降低，糊化温度和消减值则显著增加。（3）弱光胁迫显著增加米饭硬度，降低黏度和弹性，使米饭外观和口感下降，综合评分显著降低。（4）主成分分析表明，稻米组分、RVA谱特征值和米饭质构特性可以解释81.2%的米饭食味品质变化。米饭综合评分与直链和总淀粉含量、峰值黏度、崩解值、弹性以及黏度呈显著正相关，与蛋白质和脂肪含量呈显著负相关。【结论】弱光胁迫下，蛋白质和脂肪含量对米饭食味品质的影响大于直链淀粉和总淀粉含量。弱光胁迫导致稻米淀粉、蛋白质和脂肪等组分发生显著变化，进而导致峰值黏度和崩解值下降，糊化温度和消减值升高，米饭变硬，黏度和弹性降低，最终使食味品质变差。

关键词: 籼稻, 弱光胁迫, 稻米组分, 淀粉RVA谱特征, 食味品质

Abstract:

【Objective】 The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of post-anthesis shading stress on the eating quality of indica rice in Chengdu Plain, so as to provide the theoretical and practical basis for the selecting of shade-tolerant rice varieties in low light rice region. 【Method】 Field light control experiments were conducted in 2019 and 2020 in Wenjiang, Sichuan by using indica rice varieties with different amylose contents as materials. The effect of shading stress on eating quality of rice was studied by measuring the components and RVA spectrum values of rice, as well as the texture properties and eating quality of cooked rice. 【Result】(1)Shading stress significantly decreased amylose, amylopectin, and total starch contents of rice, but significantly increased the contents of protein and fat. (2)Shading stress significantly decreased the peak viscosity and breakdown of rice, while increased the pasting temperature and setback. (3)Shading stress also significantly increased the hardness of cooked rice, but decreased the stickiness and elasticity, which contributed to a significant reduction in the comprehensive score of cooked rice by decreasing both appearance and taste. (4)The results of principal component analysis showed that the rice components, RVA spectrum values, and texture properties could explain 81.2% of the total variation of eating quality of cooked rice. The comprehensive score of rice was significantly and positively correlated with the amylose, starch content, peak viscosity, breakdown, elasticity and stickiness, but negatively related to the protein and fat contents. 【Conclusion】 The protein and fat contents possessed greater influence on the eating quality of cooked rice than that of amylose and starch contents under shading stress. The shading stress leaded to significant variations in starch, protein, and fat components in rice, which contributed to a decrease in peak viscosity and breakdown, but an increase in pasting temperature and setback. And then, those variations contributed to the significantly decrease in eating quality of cooked rice by increasing the hardness, but decreasing both stickiness and elasticity of cooked rice.

Key words: indica rice, shading stress, rice components, RVA spectrum values, eating quality

朱莜芸, 曾玉玲, 李博, 袁玉洁, 周星, 李秋萍, 何辰延, 陈勇, 王丽, 程红, 周伟, 陶有凤, 雷小龙, 任万军, 邓飞. 花后弱光胁迫对成都平原籼稻米饭食味品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(3): 430-440.

ZHU YouYun, ZENG YuLing, LI Bo, YUAN YuJie, ZHOU Xing, LI QiuPing, HE ChenYan, CHEN Yong, WANG Li, CHENG Hong, ZHOU Wei, TAO YouFeng, LEI XiaoLong, REN WanJun, DENG Fei. Effect of Post-Anthesis Shading Stress on Eating Quality of Indica Rice in Chengdu Plain[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(3): 430-440.

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年份 Year	品种 Variety	光照处理 Light treatment	直链淀粉含量 Amylose content (%)	支链淀粉含量 Amylopectin content (%)	总淀粉含量 Starch content (%)	直支比 Amylose/amylopectin ratio	蛋白质含量 Protein content (%)	脂肪含量 Fat content (%)
2019	黄华占 Huanghuazhan	对照CK	16.11±0.00c	69.42±0.00a	85.54±0.00a	0.23±0.002b	7.75±0.00b	1.25±0.00b
	黄华占 Huanghuazhan	遮荫Shading	14.90±0.00d	63.18±0.01b	78.08±0.01b	0.24±0.002b	9.73±0.00a	1.52±0.00a
	F优498 Fyou 498	对照CK	20.04±0.00a	58.67±0.01b	78.71±0.01b	0.34±0.003a	7.43±0.00b	1.28±0.00b
	F优498 Fyou 498	遮荫Shading	17.60±0.00b	52.16±0.02c	69.76±0.02c	0.34±0.013a	8.90±0.00a	1.55±0.00a
	F值 F-value	光照 Light	178.29**	27.18**	40.03**	0.00	43.26**	312.58**
		品种Variety	584.46**	79.24**	34.12**	227.56**	4.84	4.25
		光照×品种 Light × Variety	20.25**	0.01	0.33	0.89	0.96	0.01
2020	黄华占 Huanghuazhan	对照CK	15.98±0.00c	64.83±0.00a	80.81±0.00a	0.25±0.002c	8.46±0.00b	1.25±0.00b
	黄华占 Huanghuazhan	遮荫Shading	13.39±0.00d	62.99±0.00b	76.37±0.00b	0.21±0.003d	10.17±0.00a	1.51±0.00a
	F优498 Fyou 498	对照CK	21.18±0.00a	52.92±0.01c	74.10±0.01c	0.40±0.002a	9.14±0.01b	1.28±0.00b
	F优498 Fyou 498	遮荫Shading	17.91±0.00b	49.83±0.01d	67.73±0.01d	0.36±0.004b	11.06±0.00a	1.53±0.00a
	F值 F-value	光照 Light	400.37**	24.52**	87.04**	96.80**	39.89**	296.32**
		品种 Variety	1101.05**	632.76**	175.75**	1620.00**	7.40*	2.85
		光照×品种 Light × Variety	5.44*	1.57	2.77	0.80	0.14	0.11

年份 Year	品种 Variety	光照处理 Light treatment	峰值黏度 PKV (RVU)	热浆黏度 HPV (RVU)	冷胶黏度 CPV (RVU)	消减值 SBV (RVU)	崩解值 BDV (RVU)	回复值 CSV (RVU)	峰值时间 PeT (min)	糊化温度 PaT (℃)
2019	黄华占 Huanghuazhan	对照CK	319.96±0.22a	172.21±1.13b	294.42±1.44d	-25.54±1.23b	147.75±0.92a	122.21±0.31bc	5.95±0.02a	74.29±0.13c
	黄华占 Huanghuazhan	遮荫Shading	289.78±2.29d	182.04±0.55a	302.17±0.14c	12.38±2.43a	107.75±2.84c	120.13±0.41c	5.93±0.07a	75.78±0.24b
	F优498 Fyou 498	对照CK	312.08±1.30b	183.88±0.41a	320.29±0.60a	8.21±0.70a	128.21±0.89b	136.42±0.19a	5.75±0.02b	78.38±0.03a
	F优498 Fyou 498	遮荫Shading	295.79±1.52c	183.17±0.24a	309.29±2.14b	13.50±3.66a	112.63±1.28c	126.13±2.38b	5.85±0.02ab	78.98±0.33a
	F值 F-value	光照 Light	233.14**	45.93**	1.50	87.70**	272.55**	25.61**	0.88	23.59**
		品种 Variety	0.38	90.34**	154.31**	57.11**	18.97**	68.30**	13.52**	286.64**
		光照×品种 Light×Variety	20.85**	61.35**	49.85**	50.04**	52.63**	11.28**	2.11	4.29
2020	黄华占 Huanghuazhan	对照CK	233.30±1.52a	131.13±0.22c	224.71±0.07c	-8.59±1.59c	102.17±1.73a	93.58±014b	6.07±0.04b	72.12±0.55c
	黄华占 Huanghuazhan	遮荫Shading	216.55±2.09b	131.17±1.01c	223.13±1.18c	6.58±3.27b	85.38±3.10b	91.96±0.17b	6.13±0.17ab	73.63±0.42b
	F优498 Fyou 498	对照CK	238.58±0.14a	167.34±2.69a	272.50±0.48a	33.92±0.33a	75.89±5.30b	108.58±4.07a	6.16±0.06ab	76.55±0.30a
	F优498 Fyou 498	遮荫Shading	220.17±2.41b	160.86±1.85b	257.64±3.01b	37.47±0.68a	59.31±2.87c	96.78±3.3.16b	6.42±0.02a	77.40±0.30a
	F值 F-value	光照 Light	98.86**	3.52	25.25**	25.36**	22.77**	6.78*	3.31	8.50*
		品种 Variety	6.34*	370.20**	632.70**	389.94**	56.02**	14.78**	4.30	102.05**
		光照×品种 Light×Variety	0.22	3.62	16.48**	9.77*	0.00	3.90	1.19	0.67

年份 Year	品种 Variety	光照处理 Light treatment	硬度 Hardness	黏度 Stickiness	平衡性 Balance	弹性 Elasticity
2019	黄华占 Huanghuazhan	对照CK	2.38±0.03d	0.29±0.009a	0.13±0.003a	0.87±0.000b
	黄华占 Huanghuazhan	遮荫Shading	2.68±0.01c	0.25±0.009b	0.09±0.006b	0.83±0.000c
	F优498 Fyou 498	对照CK	2.86±0.01b	0.25±0.009b	0.07±0.003c	0.89±0.003a
	F优498 Fyou 498	遮荫Shading	3.07±0.05a	0.16±0.006c	0.05±0.003d	0.87±0.003b
	F值 F-value	光照 Light	65.27**	60.17**	48.17**	162.00**
		品种 Variety	190.96**	60.17**	160.17**	128.00**
		光照×品种Light × Variety	1.91	13.50**	4.17	18.00**
2020	黄华占 Huanghuazhan	对照CK	1.96±0.13d	0.37±0.018a	0.15±0.003a	0.87±0.007b
	黄华占 Huanghuazhan	遮荫Shading	2.32±0.00c	0.26±0.017b	0.12±0.012b	0.83±0.007c
	F优498 Fyou 498	对照CK	3.02±0.04b	0.21±0.009b	0.07±0.003c	0.89±0.006a
	F优498 Fyou 498	遮荫Shading	3.48±0.04a	0.16±0.007c	0.05±0.003c	0.85±0.009bc
	F值 F-value	光照 Light	35.10**	36.00**	18.06**	34.72**
		品种 Variety	258.83**	85.56**	138.06**	9.39*
		光照×品种Light × Variety	0.59	5.06	1.56	0.06

品种 Variety	光照处理 Light treatment	外观 Appearance		口感 Taste		综合评分 Comprehensive score
品种 Variety	光照处理 Light treatment	2019	2020	2019	2020	2019	2020
黄华占 Huanghuazhan	对照 CK	7.97±0.07b	7.63±0.03b	7.43±0.03b	7.40±0.00a	83.13±0.29b	81.40±0.40b
黄华占 Huanghuazhan	遮荫 Shading	7.20±0.10c	6.63±0.03c	6.80±0.06c	6.63±0.07b	77.33±0.23c	73.63±0.15c
F优498 Fyou 498	对照 CK	8.57±0.03a	8.17±0.09a	7.80±0.06a	7.53±0.07a	85.70±0.00a	83.00±0.15a
F优498 Fyou 498	遮荫 Shading	6.73±0.03d	6.67±0.03c	6.10±0.06d	6.40±0.06c	72.67±0.32d	73.40±0.17c
F值 F-value	光照 Light	405.60**	562.50**	490.00**	295.36**	1477.89**	1268.42**
	品种 Variety	1.07	28.90**	10.00*	0.82	18.37**	7.86*
	光照×品种 Light × Variety	68.27**	22.50**	102.40**	11.00*	218.00**	14.14**

花后弱光胁迫对成都平原籼稻米饭食味品质的影响

Effect of Post-Anthesis Shading Stress on Eating Quality of Indica Rice in Chengdu Plain

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