锌对5—15周龄鹅免疫、抗氧化功能、金属硫蛋白-Ⅰ基因表达量的影响及变量相关性分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.09.16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究不同水平锌对5—15周龄鹅免疫抗氧化功能与金属硫蛋白-Ⅰ（MT-I ）mRNA表达量的影响及相互关系，以科学地确定鹅饲粮中锌的需要量。【方法】试验随机选用29日龄体重相近的青农灰鹅360只（P＜0.05），设计6个处理，每处理6次重复，每重复10只（公母各半）；各处理饲粮中锌水平分别为：27.46（Ⅰ组）、77.46（Ⅱ组）、127.46（Ⅲ组）、177.46（Ⅳ组）、227.46（Ⅴ组）、277.46 （Ⅵ组）mg·kg^-1（基础饲粮中含锌），试验进行11周。【结果】(1)胸腺指数、脾脏指数和法氏囊指数受饲粮中锌水平的影响，随锌水平的升高呈现先升高后降低趋势；当锌水平为127.46 mg·kg^-1时，胸腺指数最高（P＜0.05）；当锌水平为77.46 mg·kg^-1时，脾脏指数、法氏囊指数最高（P＜0.05）。(2)饲粮锌水平为177.46 mg·kg^-1时，鹅副黏病毒疫苗免疫后7日的抗体滴度最高（P＜0.05）；饲粮锌水平为157.41 mg·kg^-1时，鹅副黏病毒疫苗免疫后14日的抗体滴度最高（P＜0.05）。(3)当饲粮锌水平为153.84 mg·kg^-1时，鹅血清和肝脏总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）活性最高（P＜0.01）；当饲粮中含锌127.46 mg·kg^-1时，血清和肝脏过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性最高（P＜0.01）；当饲粮锌水平为148.33 mg·kg^-1时，鹅血清和肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性最高（P＜0.05）；当饲粮中含锌148.33 mg·kg^-1时，血清和肝脏铜锌超氧化物歧化酶（CuZn-SOD）活性最高（P＜0.01）；当饲粮中锌水平为177.46 mg·kg^-1时，血清和肝脏中丙二醛（MDA）最低（P＜0.05）。(4)饲粮中锌能显著提高MT-I mRNA表达量（P＜0.05），当饲粮中锌水平为177.46 mg·kg^-1时，肝脏MT-I mRNA表达量最高（P＜0.01）。(5)肝脏中MT-I mRNA表达量与肝脏中T-AOC（r= 0.94）、CuZn-SOD（r= 0.97）活性指标呈极显著性正相关（P＜0.01），与CAT（r= 0.85）、GSH-Px（r= 0.89）活性呈显著正相关（P＜0.05），与MDA呈负相关（r= -0.70, P＞0.05）；肝脏中MT-I mRNA表达量与血清中T-AOC （r= 0.99）、CAT（r= 0.92）和CuZn-SOD（r= 0.94）活性均呈极显著正相关（P＜0.01），与GSH-Px呈正相关（r= 0.81, P＞0.05），与MDA呈负相关（r= -0.39, P＞0.05）。【结论】(1)饲粮中适宜水平锌能够促进鹅免疫器官发育，增强T-AOC、CAT、GSH-Px、CuZn-SOD抗氧化酶活性，降低MDA水平。(2)饲粮中锌能够干预肝脏MT-I mRNA表达量，从而调节机体抗氧化能力。(3)鹅饲粮中锌水平在77—150 mg·kg^-1范围内机体处于高位免疫和抗氧化状态。

关键词: 锌, 鹅, 免疫, 抗氧化能力, 金属硫蛋白-Ⅰ表达量, 相关性

Abstract: 【Objective】 This experiment was conducted to determine the required level of zinc in goose feed. The effects of different levels of dietary zinc on immunity, antioxidant capacity and metallothionein (MT-I) mRNA gene expression to 5-15-week-old Qing-Nong-Hui geese were evaluated. 【Method】 Three hundred and sixty 29-day-old Qing-Nong-Hui geese were randomly selected and divided into six treatment groups with six replicates for each group, and each replicate contained ten geese (5♂+5♀). The content of added dietary zinc in each group was 27.46 (GroupⅠ, control), 77.46 (GroupⅡ), 127.46 (Group Ⅲ), 177.46 (Group Ⅳ), 227.46 (Group Ⅴ), and 277.46 (Group Ⅵ) mg·kg^-1, respectively. The geese were fed for 11 weeks. 【Result】The results were as follows: Index of thymus, spleen and bursa of fabricius showed an increase and downward trend with the effect of zinc level in feed. The thymus index obtained the highest (P＜0.05) level when the added zinc in feed was 127.46 mg·kg^-1, while the spleen index and the fabricius bursa index reached the highest level (P＜0.05) when the added zinc in feed was 77.46 mg·kg^-1. The index of immune organs decreased as long as the dietary zinc in feed was out of the range of 77.46-127.46 mg·kg^-1. The antibody titer reached the highest (P＜0.05) after the geese were immunized by goose paramyxovirus vaccine for 14 days when the zinc level in feed was 157.41 mg·kg^-1. The activity level of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) for the goose serum and liver reached the highest (P＜0.01) when the zinc level in feed was 153.84 mg·kg^-1. The activity level of both catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) for the serum and liver of goose was the highest (P＜0.01) when the zinc level in feed was 148.33 mg·kg^-1. The activity level of superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) was the highest (P＜0.01) in the goose’s serum and liver when the zinc level in feed was 148.33 mg·kg^-1. On the other hand, when the zinc level in feed was 177.46 mg·kg^-1, the malonaldehyde (MDA) in the serum and liver had the lowest level (P＜0.05); With the increase of the zinc level in feed, the expression quantity of MT-I mRNA was significantly increased (P＜0.05). And when the zinc level in the feed was 177.46 mg·kg^-1, the expression quantity of MT-I mRNA of liver was the highest. It was highly significant that the expression quantity of MT-I mRNA in goose liver was positively correlated with the activity level of T-AOC (r= 0.94, P＜0.01) and CuZn-SOD (r= 0.97, P＜0.01). The MT-I mRNA expression level in goose liver was also positively correlated with the activity level of CAT (r=0.85, P＜0.05), GSH-Px (r=0.89, P＜0.05), and negatively correlated with MDA (r=-0.70, P＞0.05). The expression level of MT-I mRNA in goose liver was significantly positively correlated with activity levels of T-AOC (r=0.99, P＜0.01), CAT (r=0.92, P＜0.01) and CuZn-SOD (r=0.94, P＜0.01) in serum. It was also positively correlated with GSH-Px (r=0.81, P＞0.05) and negatively correlated with MDA (r=-0.39, P＞0.05).【Conclusion】 Appropriate additional level of dietary zinc promoted the immune organs development and antioxidant capacity of goose. Dietary zinc also intervened the MT-I mRNA expression level, which was closely related with the body’s antioxidant capacity. Feed zinc levels in the 77-150 mg·kg^-1 range can keep the body in high immunity and antioxidant capacity level of the 5-15 weeks old geese.

Key words: zinc, geese, immune, antioxidant capacity, MT-I mRNA gene, correlation analysis

王宝维，陈苗璐，王秉翰，张名爱，葛文华，程凡升，岳斌. 锌对5—15周龄鹅免疫、抗氧化功能、金属硫蛋白-Ⅰ基因表达量的影响及变量相关性分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2015, 48(9): 1825-1835.

WANG Bao-wei, CHEN Miao-lu,WANG Bing-han, ZHANG Ming-ai, GE Wen-hua, CHENG Fan-sheng, YUE Bin. Effects of Dietary Zinc on Immunity, Antioxidant Capacity and MT-I mRNA Gene Expression Level and Their Factor Correlation Analysis of 5-15 Weeks Old Goose[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(9): 1825-1835.

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