中国农业科学 ›› 2005, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (04): 803-812 .

• 畜牧.兽医.资源昆虫 • 上一篇    下一篇

甜菜碱与酵母铬对4~7周龄肉仔鸡胴体品质及脂质代谢的影响

郝俊虎,王俊东,庞全海,李俊平,张建峰,张建海,姚华   

  1. 山西农业大学动物科技学院
  • 收稿日期:2004-02-11 修回日期:2004-10-26 出版日期:2005-04-10 发布日期:2005-04-10
  • 通讯作者: 王俊东

Effect of Betaine and Yeast Chromium on Carcass Quality and Lipid Metabolism in 4-7-week-old Broiler Chickens

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  1. 山西农业大学动物科技学院
  • Received:2004-02-11 Revised:2004-10-26 Online:2005-04-10 Published:2005-04-10

摘要: 选用21日龄AA肉仔鸡288只,随机分为9个处理组,每组32只,设4个重复,每个重复8只。采用3×3(酵母铬×甜菜碱)二因子三水平有重复试验设计。在玉米-豆粕型日粮基础上添加不同水平的酵母铬(以铬计0、400、600 ?g·kg-1)与甜菜碱(0、800、1 000 mg·kg-1)以饲喂基础日粮组为对照组,用以研究二者对肉仔鸡胴体品质及脂质代谢的影响,并初步探讨二者的互作效应。试验期4周,结果表明:(1)甜菜碱与酵母铬对肉仔鸡的屠宰率、腹脂率、全净膛率均有互作效应(P<0.01),半净膛率无互作效应。屠宰率、全净膛率均显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。腹脂率均显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。(2)甜菜碱和酵母铬对肝脏、胸肌、腿肌TG、TC均有互作效应(P<0.01)。8个试验组均低于对照组(P<0.01)。综合分析,效果最佳的为1 000 mg·kg-1甜菜碱+400 ?g·kg-1酵母铬组。(3)第7周末,各试验组血清总胆固醇(TC)、尿酸(UA)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)、葡萄糖(Glu)均低于对照组(P<0.01);而血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)均高于对照组(P<0.01)。

关键词: 甜菜碱, 酵母铬, 肉仔鸡, 胴体品质, 脂肪代

Abstract: An experiment was conducted using a total of 288 three-week-old AA broiler chickens to investigate the effects of adding yeast chromium (0, 400, 600 μg·kg-1 respectively) and betaine (0, 800, 1 000 mg·kg-1 respectively) to corn soybean diets on carcass quality and lipid metabolism in broiler chickens and their interaction. Chickens were randomly divided into 9 treatments (32 for each treatment, 8 for each replicate). A 3×3 (chromium×betaine) experiment with replicates was designed. The basal diet was used as control group, and the experiment lasted for four weeks. The result showed:(1) There were significant effects of interaction between betaine and chromium on slaughter rate, abdomininal fat rate, the rate of the whole pure thorax, (P<0.01) and no significant interactive effects on half pure thorax rate (P>0.05).(2) Betaine and chromium on the content of cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) in liver and muscle of chest and leg had interactive effects (P<0.01). Analysis showed that, it was better for the test group to add 1 000 mg·kg-1 betaine and 400μg·kg-1 chromium at the same time.(3) At the end of 7 weeks, betaine and chromium significantly increased the concentrations of serum total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), free fatty acid (FFA), high density lipid protein chloesterol(HDL-C) in serum compared with control group (P<0.01) and significantly reduced the concentrations of cholesterol (TC), uric acid (UA), low density lipid protein chloesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and glucose (Glu).

Key words: Betaine, Yeast chromium, Broiler chickens, Carcass quality, Lipid metabolism