关键词: 高原, 辣椒, 性状, 相关性分析, 评价

Abstract:

【Objective】Under plateau solar greenhouse conditions, the agronomic traits of roots, stems, leaves and fruits of different pepper varieties were analyzed, the relationship between each trait and the yield of a single pepper plant was explored, and a comprehensive evaluation was made, so as to provide theoretical and practical reference for improving cultivation techniques, introducing excellent varieties (lines), and enriching local resources. 【Method】Descriptive statistics, entropy weight method, path, correlation and other multivariate analysis methods are used to make judgments, and the membership function method and cluster analysis are used for comprehensive evaluation to clarify the main traits that affect the yield of a single plant and the pepper varieties suitable for regional ecological conditions. 【Result】There are certain differences between different organs of each variety. The coefficient of variation of the four root traits ranges from 7.70% to 16.20%, the variation coefficient of the five stem traits ranges from 6.99% to 16.50%, and the variation coefficient of the three leaf traits ranges from 11.50% to 15.90%. The coefficients of variation of the four fruit traits ranged from 15.90% to 26.50%. The coefficients of variation of single fruit quality, number of fruits per plant, and yield per plant were 39.60%, 44.20%, and 19.50% respectively. The entropy weight method combined with path analysis showed that the direct effects affecting the yield of a single plant were ordered from large to small as leaves > fruits > stems > roots. Correlation analysis showed that in root organs, the number of roots was significantly positively correlated with yield per plant; in leaf organs, leaf length, leaf width, and petiole length were all highly significantly positively correlated with yield per plant. Principal component analysis simplified 19 agronomic traits into 6 principal components, with a cumulative contribution rate of 81.631%, and established a comprehensive evaluation model D=0.435μ₁+0.222μ₂+0.112μ₃+0.092μ₄+0.072μ₅+0.066μ₆, three varieties with excellent comprehensive scores, Zhongjiao 506, Zhongjiao Y213, and Zhongjiao Y216, were screened out. When promoting varieties, the local preference for screw peppers should be taken into consideration, and Zhongjiao 129, Meiluo 28, and Zhongjiao 209 were listed as targets for promotion and application. Based on the characteristics of each organ and D value, 30 peppers were divided into 5 groups. The differences in leaves and fruits between each category were significant. TypeⅠ has a compact plant type, firm fruits, and numerous fruits; TypeⅡ has shorter leaves and petioles, and overall, the plant height is shorter and the yield per plant is lower; the fruits of typeⅢ are short and thick, and the quality of single fruit is the highest; the fruits of typeⅣ are short and thick, and the quality of single fruit is lower than that of typeⅢ; the number of typeⅤ is the largest, and the D value is in the middle position, showing a more balanced performance. 【Conclusion】The types of introduced resources are relatively rich. Under plateau solar greenhouse conditions, leaf traits and the number of roots are the direct factors that affect the yield of a single pepper plant. Based on the characteristics of each organ, principal component analysis and membership function method can be used to comprehensively evaluate the introduced pepper varieties and screen out excellent varieties. Leaf and fruit traits can be used as the main basis to distinguish taxa and enhance the utilization of different resources.

Key words: plateau, pepper, traits, correlation analysis, evaluation