玉米赤霉烯酮对断奶小母猪子宫形态学及热应激蛋白70分布和表达的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.04.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究不同水平玉米赤霉烯酮（zearalenone，ZEA）对断奶小母猪子宫形态学和子宫内热应激蛋白70（heat shock protein 70，HSP70）的阳性分布规律及mRNA相对表达量的影响。【方法】选择25—28日龄健康三元杂交（杜×长×大）断奶小母猪40头，产床上适应环境10 d后转入单体笼（0.48 m²）。根据日龄（35—38）和平均体重（14.01 ± 0.86 kg），将40头试验小母猪分为4个处理，每个处理10个重复，每个重复1头猪。对照组（Control）饲喂基础饲粮，处理1（ZEA0.5）、处理2（ZEA1.0）和处理3（ZEA1.5）分别在基础饲粮基础上添加0.5、1.0和1.5 mg·kg^-1的ZEA（ZEA的测定值分别为0、0.52±0.07、1.04±0.03和1.51 ± 0.13 mg·kg^-1），小母猪单笼饲养，自由采食和饮水，预饲期10 d，正式期35 d。试验结束前一天对小母猪禁食12 h，全部放血屠宰，打开腹腔后无菌条件下迅速切取一份子宫组织置于2 mL无RNA酶的冻存管中液氮速冻，而后转至-80℃冻存，检测HSP70的mRNA相对表达量，另切取子宫组织块迅速固定于Bouin’s液，待做组织切片检测子宫形态学的结构和HSP70的阳性分布规律。【结果】随着饲粮中ZEA水平的升高，子宫肌层和内膜明显增厚，子宫腺数量明显增多，子宫腺密度明显增大；子宫肌层和内膜厚度随着饲粮中ZEA水平的升高呈一次（P＜0.001）和二次（P＜0.001）线性升高，1.5 mg·kg^-1 处理的子宫肌层和内膜厚度显著高于1.0 mg·kg^-1处理（P＜0.05），1.0 mg·kg^-1处理显著高于0.5 mg·kg^-1处理（P＜0.05），0.5 mg·kg^-1处理又显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。免疫组化结果显示，HSP70免疫阳性物质主要分布于子宫肌层平滑肌细胞、子宫腺上皮细胞、腔上皮细胞和血管内皮细胞的胞质内，偶见胞核着色。对照组免疫阳性较弱呈浅黄色，随着饲粮中ZEA水平的升高，HSP70免疫阳性反应明显增强，颜色加深，呈黄色和棕黄色块状分布。断奶小母猪子宫中肌层、腺上皮、腔上皮及所测部分总HSP70免疫阳性物质的累积光密度（integrated optical density，IOD）随着饲粮中ZEA水平的升高均呈一次（P＜0.001）和二次（P＜0.05）线性升高；总体上，1.5 mg·kg^-1 处理的子宫HSP70免疫阳性物质的IOD显著高于0.5 mg·kg^-1处理（P＜0.05），0.5和1.0 mg·kg^-1处理又显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。mRNA相对表达量结果显示，随着饲粮中ZEA水平的升高，断奶小母猪子宫内HSP70的mRNA相对表达量呈一次、二次线性升高（P＜0.001），尽管1.0 mg·kg^-1和1.5 mg·kg^-1处理差异不显著（P＞0.05），但1.5 mg·kg^-1 处理显著高于0.5 mg·kg^-1处理（P＜0.05），0.5 mg·kg^-1处理又显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。【结论】饲粮中0.5 mg·kg^-1 ZEA足以使子宫肌层和内膜明显增厚，子宫腺数量明显增多，使得子宫形态发生改变；本试验条件下，随ZEA浓度升高，HSP70免疫阳性反应增强，诱导子宫内HSP70的高水平表达，抵抗毒素应激对子宫细胞的损伤。

关键词: 玉米赤霉烯酮, 断奶小母猪, 子宫, 热应激蛋白70

Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of zearalenone (ZEA) on uterus morphology, distribution and mRNA relative expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP 70) in post-weaning piglets. 【Method】 A total of 40 healthy female piglets (Duroc×Landrace×Large White) aged approximately 25-28 d were selected for study. The piglets were transferred to single cages after 10 day adaptation on the obstertric table, then they were allocated into four treatments. Each treatment consisted of 10 replicates of 1 pig per replicate according to the age (35-38) and the average body weight (14.01 ± 0.86 kg). After 10 d of adaptation piglets were fed a normal basal diet supplemented with purified ZEA of 0 (Control), 0.5 (0.52±0.07), 1.0 (1.04±0.03) and 1.5 (1.51±0.13) mg·kg^-1 for 35 d. Animals were housed individually with free access to feed and water. At the end of the feeding trial, piglets were deprived with feed for 12h and sacrificed. Uterus were then isolated under sterile conditions. Two samples of uterus tissues from each pig were quickly collected, one of which was stored at -80℃ to detect relative mRNA expression of HSP70, and the other was fixed promptly in Bouin’s for histological examination and immunohistochemical analysis. 【Result】 Results showed that the myometrium and endometrium became thicker and the number and density of uterine glands increased with the higher level of ZEA. The thickness of myometrium and endometrium increased linearly (P＜0.001) and quadratically (P＜0.001) with higher level of ZEA. The thickness of myometrium and endometrium from ZEA1.5, 1.0 and 0.5 treatments were significantly higher than that of ZEA1.0, 0.5 and control treatments, respectively (P＜0.05). The results of immunohistochemistry indicated that HSP70 immunoreactive substance was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm of uterine smooth muscle cells, uterine glandular epithelial cells, luminal epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells, but nuclear staining was rarely observed. The light yellow immunereactive substance was shown in the tissues of negative control samples, the color of the positive reaction of HSP70 was enhanced to yellow or brown of block shape with higher level of ZEA. The immunoreactive integrated optic density (IOD) of HSP70 and the total measured part of the uterus in weaning gilts increased linearly (P＜0.001) and quadratically (P＜0.05) in myometrium, luminal epithelium, gland epithelium with rising level of ZEA. In general, the IOD of ZEA1.5 treatment was significantly higher than that of ZEA0.5, while the IOD of ZEA0.5 and ZEA1.0 treatment was significantly higher than that of control. Relative mRNA expression of HSP70 in the uterus of weaning gilts increased linearly (P＜0.05) and quadratically (P＜0.05) with the rising level of ZEA. Although the difference between ZEA1.5 and ZEA1.0 was not significant (P＞0.05), the ZEA1.5 treatment was significantly higher than that of ZEA0.5 treatment (P＜0.05), while ZEA0.5 treatment was significantly higher than that of control (P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 In conclusion, ZEA at 0.5 mg·kg^-1was sufficient to make the myometrium and endometrium to become thicker, while at the time the concentration could also increase the number of uterine glands and changed the morphology of the uterus; under the condition of this experiment, the positive reaction of HSP70 was enhanced with the higher concentration of ZEA, which means the higher level expression of HSP70 may prevent damage of uterine cells by toxin stress.

Key words: zearalenone, post-weaning piglets, uterus, heat shock protein 70

周敏，周雪梅，杨立杰，黄丽波，冯蕾，邵明慧，杨晨，杨维仁，杨在宾，姜淑贞 . 玉米赤霉烯酮对断奶小母猪子宫形态学及热应激蛋白70分布和表达的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2018, 51(4): 778-788.

ZHOU Min, ZHOU XueMei, YANG LiJie, HUANG LiBo, FENG Lei, SHAO MingHui, YANG Chen, YANG WeiRen, YANG ZaiBin, JIANG ShuZhen. Effects of Zearalenone on Expression of Heat Shock Protein 70 and Morphology of Uterus Tissues of Post-Weaning Piglets[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(4): 778-788.

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