芝麻栽培种与野生种（Sesamum indicatum）杂种F1的获得及特性鉴定

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.10.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】通过远缘杂交获得芝麻栽培种与野生种的杂交后代，改良芝麻栽培种对茎点枯病的抗性。【方法】对野芝3号（S. indicatum）（P₃）和芝麻栽培种中芝14（P₁）、中芝14同源四倍体（P₂）进行正反种间杂交，通过幼胚培养技术获得杂种F₁植株。首先利用SSR分子标记、细胞学、形态学方法进行后代真实性鉴定，筛选出真杂种。后对种间杂交的3个亲本（野芝3号、中芝14及其同源四倍体）以及杂种后代F₁株系进行茎点枯病人工接种鉴定。【结果】种间正反交组合后代的幼胚成苗率有明显差异，在接种的773个幼胚中，有155个幼胚发育成苗，平均幼胚成苗率为20.05%。种间正交组合（P₃×P₁、P₃×P₂分别为32.75%和21.11%），高于反交组合（P₁×P₃、P₂×P₃分别为8.84%和13.41%）。说明亲本的基因型在很大程度上影响远缘杂交的成苗率。P₃×P₁、P₁×P₃组合F₁植株染色体数目为42条；P₃×P₂、P₂×P₃组合F₁染色体数目为55条，正反交杂种F₁株系大部分花粉粒形态独特，形状规则但多无内含物，为高度不育类型；部分F₁株系有少量的可育花粉，为部分不育型。选用多态性较好的HS142引物在亲本中芝14中能清晰的扩增出2条特异性条带（约460和500 bp），在野芝3号则扩增出1条特异性条带（约380 bp）。然后对12个后代进行鉴定，其中有10个杂种F₁植株同时具有3条父、母本特异条带，另2株仅出现母本或父本带为假杂种。以高抗种质野芝3号为母本的种间杂交P₃×P₁、P₃×P₂后代染病的病斑长度分别为9.35和6.65 cm，反交组合后代的病斑长度分别为9.90和8.90 cm；所有杂交组合的后代对茎点枯病抗性均高于其栽培种亲本（P₁14.30 cm和P₂ 11.46 cm），但低于野生种亲本（P₃ 4.80 cm）。【结论】通过种间杂交结合幼胚培养可以筛选出茎点枯病抗性明显高于芝麻栽培亲本的新种质。

关键词: 芝麻, 野生种, 种间杂交, 分子标记, 茎点枯病抗性

Abstract:

【Objective】 The progenies of Sesamum indicum and wild species were obtained by interspecific hybridization in order to improve charcoal rot disease (Macrophomina phaseolina) resistance of sesame cultivars. 【Method】 No.3 wild sesame (S. indicatum) (P₃), Zhongzhi 14 (P₁) and autotetraploid of Zhongzhi 14 (P₂) were used as reciprocal cross parents, the F₁ plants of interspecific hybrids were obtained using the immature embryo culture technique. First, the authenticity of F₁ progenies were confirmed by using phenotypic, cytological and SSR marker methods in order to screen out the true hybrids . Then the three parents of the interspecific hybrids (No.3 wild sesame, Zhongzhi 14 and autotetraploid of Zhongzhi 14 )and hybrids of F₁lines resistance to Macrophomina phaseolina was identified by artificial inoculations. 【Result】The seedling ratios of immature embryos between reciprocal combinations existed significant difference. The 773 immature embryos were inoculated of which 155 embryos developed into seedlings and the average seedling rate was 20.05%. The seedling ratios of combinations (P₃×P₁ 32.75%, P₃×P₂ 21.11%) were higher than those of reciprocal combinations (P₁×P₃ 8.84%, P₂×P₃ 13.41%). This indicates that the genotype of the parent affects the seedling rate of distant hybridization to a large extent. The number of chromosomes in the F₁plants of (P₃ × P₁, P₁ × P₃) was 42 and in the F₁plants of (P₃ × P₂, P₂ × P₃) was 55. The majority of the pollen grains of the F₁ hybrids were regular but no inclusions, all of which were highly sterile. HS142 primer with a better polymorphism could be clearly amplified two specific types in Zhongzhi14 (about 460 bp and 500 bp) and the one in No.3 wild sesame(about 380 bp) .Then, it could be used to identify twelve hybrid progenies and their parents. There are ten of F₁ progenies with three male and female-specific markers of the parents, the other two plants only appeared in the female parent or male parent type which was the fake hybrids. The infected lesion length of progenies from interspecific hybridization P₃×P₁, P₃×P₂, using No.3 wild sesame with high charcoal rot resistance as female parent, was 9.35 cm and 6.65 cm, respectively, while 9.90 cm and 8.90 cm from reciprocal combinations. The resistance to Macrophomina phaseolina of progenies from all combinations was higher than their cultivated parents (P₁ 14.30 cm and P₂ 11.46 cm), but weaker than wild relative (P₃ 4.80 cm). 【Conclusion】 New germplasms with high charcoal rot resistance can be created through interspecific hybridization combined with immature embryo culture, which provides important materials for genetic improvement of sesame with charcoal rot resistance.

Key words: sesame, wild species, interspecific hybridization, molecular marker, charcoal rot resistance

杨敏敏，刘红艳，周婷，瞿洪浩，杨远霄，魏鑫，左阳，赵应忠. 芝麻栽培种与野生种（Sesamum indicatum）杂种F₁的获得及特性鉴定[J]. 中国农业科学, 2017, 50(10): 1763-1771.

YANG MinMin, LIU HongYan, ZHOU Ting, QU HongHao, YANG YuanXiao, WEI Xin, ZUO Yang, ZHAO YingZhong. Production and Identification of F₁ Interspecific Hybrid Between Sesamum indicum and Wild Relative S. Indicatum[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017, 50(10): 1763-1771.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

链接本文: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.10.002

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/Y2017/V50/I10/1763

参考文献

[1] 孙建, 乐美旺, 饶月亮, 颜廷献, 颜小文, 周红英. 江西芝麻产业现状、限制因素、发展潜力与对策分析. 江西农业学报, 2010, 22(9): 10-15.

Sun J, Le M W, Rao Y L, Yan T X, Yan X W, Zhou H Y. Current situation, limiting factors, developmental potential and counter measures of sesame industry in Jiangxi. Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi, 2010, 22(9): 10-15. (in Chinese)

[2] Suriachandraselvan M, Seetharaman K. Survial of Macrophomina phaseolina, the causal agent of charcoal rot of Sunflower in soil, seed and plant debris. Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology, 2000, 30(3): 402-405.

[3] Songa W, Hillocks R J. Survival of Macrophomina phaseolina in bean seed and crop residue. International Journal of Pest Management, 1998, 44(2): 109-114.

[4] 李丽丽, 王圣玉, 方小平, 黄早花, 汪山涛, 李民良, 崔苗青. 我国芝麻种质资源抗茎点枯病鉴定. 中国油料, 1991(1): 3-6.

Li L L, Wang S Y, Fang X P, Huang Z H, Wang S T, Li M L, Cui M Q. Identification of sesame germplasm resources resistance to charcoal rot in China. Oil Crops in China, 1991(1): 3-6. (in Chinese)

[5] 岳文娣, 魏利斌, 张体德, 李春, 苗红梅, 张海洋. 芝麻种质资源SSR标记遗传多样性与群体结构分析. 作物学报, 2012, 38(12): 2286-2296.

Yue W D, Wei L B, Zhang T D, Li C, Miao H M, Zhang H Y. Genetic diversity and population structure of germplasm resources in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) by SSR markers. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2012, 38(12): 2286-2296. (in Chinese)

[6] Ashri A. Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)//Singh R J. Genetics Resources, Chromosome Engineering, and Crop Improvement. Boca Raton: CRC Press, USA, 2007, 4: 231-290.

[7] 冯祥运, 张秀荣, 刘越英. 芝麻优良种质资源的深化鉴定与综合评价. 中国油料, 1996, 18(3): 63-66.

Feng X Y, Zhang X R, Liu Y Y. Deepen identification and comprehensive evaluation of elite sesame germplasm resources. Oil Crops in China, 1996, 18(3): 63-66. (in Chinese)

[8] 崔苗青, 李义芝, 高新国, 韩玉枝. 芝麻种质资源抗茎点枯病鉴定与评价. 作物品种资源, 1999(2): 36-37.

Cui M Q, Li Y Z, Gao X G, Han Y Z. Identification and evaluation of sesame germplasm resources resistance to charcoal rot. Crop Germplasm Resources, 1999(2): 36-37. (in Chinese)

[9] Kulkarni V V. Studies on interspecific hybridization with particular reference to development of male sterility in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)[D]. Dharwad: University of Agricultural Sciences, India, 2006.

[10] Nimmakayala P, Perumal R, Mulpuri S, Reddy U K. Sesamum // Kole C. Wild Corp Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources Oilseeds. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Press, 2011: 261-273.

[11] 刘红艳, 赵应忠. 芝麻野生种与栽培种种间杂交亲和性研究. 中国农学通报, 2011, 27(9): 156-159.

Liu H Y, Zhao Y Z. Studies on the hybridization compatibility between cultivated sesame and its wild species. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2011, 27(9): 156-159. (in Chinese)

[12] 石淑稳. 芝麻野生种与栽培种的交配能力. 中国油料, 1993(2): 18-21.

Shi S W. The crossability between wild and cultivated species in sesame. Oil Crops in China, 1993(2): 18-21. (in Chinese)

[13] Rajeswari S, Thiruvengadam V, Ramaswamy N M. Production of Interspecific hybrids between Sesamum alatum Thonn and Sesamum indicum L. through ovule culture and screening for phyllody disease resistance. South African Journal of Botany, 2010, 76(2): 252-258.

[14] Prabakaran A J. Cytoplasmic male sterility in sesame from the species cross // Martínez J F. Sesamum malabaricum × S. indicum: I. Substitution Backcrosses. Sesame and Safflower Newsletter. Córdoba: IAS Press, Spain, 1998: 1-6.

[15] 张海洋, 苗红梅, 张体德, 魏利斌, 李春, 王慧丽, 段迎辉, 琚铭. 芝麻栽培种与野生种（Sesamum schinzianum Asch、Sesamum radiatum Schum & Thonn）种间杂交后代的生物学特性. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(19): 3965-3977.

Zhang H Y, Miao H M, Zhang T D, WEI L B, LI C, WANG H L, DUAN Y H, JU M. Biological characters of interspecific hybrid progenies between Sesamum indicum L. and wild relatives (Sesamum schinzianum Asch, Sesamum radiatum Schum & Thonn). Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(19): 3965-3977. (in Chinese)

[16] Paterson A H, Brubaker C, Wendel J F. A rapid method for extraction of cotton (Gossypium spp.) genomic DNA suitable for RFLP or PCR analysis. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, 1999, 11(2): 122-127.

[17] Wu K, Yang M, Liu H, Tao Y, Mei J, Zhao Y. Genetic analysis and molecular characterization of Chinese sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) cultivars using Insertion-Deletion (InDel) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. BMC Genetics, 2014, 15: 35.

[18] 王建方. 芝麻种质资源茎点枯病抗性及药剂防治研究[D]. 郑州: 郑州大学, 2013.

Wang J F. identification of resistance to charcoal rot of the sesame germplasm and chemical control of the disease [D]. Zhengzhou : Zhengzhou University, 2013. (in Chinese)

[19] 江诗洋, 黎冬华, 张艳欣, 王林海, 高媛, 张秀荣. 芝麻种质对不同茎点枯病致病菌株的抗性鉴定. 华北农学报, 2015, 30: 251-256.

Jiang S Y, LI D H, ZHANG Y X, WANG L H, GAO Y, ZHANG X R. Resistance identification for sesame germplasm to different pathogen strains of Macrophomina phaseolina. 2015, 30: 251-256. (in Chinese)

[20] Joshi A B. Sesamum. Hyderabad: Examiner Press, 1961.

[21] Kulkarni V, Sridevi O. In vivo studies on pollen germination, tube growth and micropylar penetration in interspecific crosses of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2009, 4(1): 250-254.

[22] 瞿桢, 吴新镛, 夏伏建. 芝麻远缘杂种胚胎的营救和植株再生. 中国油料, 1994, 16(1): 33-35.

Qu Z, Wu X Y, Xia F J. Embryo rescue and plant regeneration of interspecific hybridization between S. indicum and a wild species S. schinzianum. Chinese Oil Crops, 1994, 16(1): 33-35. (in Chinese)

[23] Dasharath K, Sridevi O, Salimath P M, Ramesh T. Production of interspecific hybrids in sesame through embryo rescue. Indian Journal of Crop Science, 2007, 2: 193-196.

[24] Rajeswari S, Ramaswamy N M. Pollen tube growth and embryology of ovule abortion in Sesamum alatum and S. indicum crosses. Journal of Genetics and Breeding, 2004, 58: 113-118.

[25] 方嘉禾, 常汝镇. 中国作物及其野生近缘植物(经济作物卷). 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2010: 186-187.

Fang J H, Chang R Z. Crops and Genetic Resources of Wild Relatives in China (Economic crop roll). Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2010: 186-187. (in Chinese)

[26] Liu B, Wendel J F. Epigenetic phenomena and the evolution of plant allopolyploids. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2003, 29(3): 365-379.

芝麻栽培种与野生种（Sesamum indicatum）杂种F₁的获得及特性鉴定

Production and Identification of F₁ Interspecific Hybrid Between Sesamum indicum and Wild Relative S. Indicatum

RichHTML

PDF

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	王梦蕊, 刘淑梅, 侯丽霞, 王施慧, 吕宏君, 苏晓梅. 番茄颈腐根腐病抗性鉴定技术的建立及抗性种质资源筛选[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(4): 707-718.
[2]	赵春芳,赵庆勇,吕远大,陈涛,姚姝,赵凌,周丽慧,梁文化,朱镇,王才林,张亚东. 半糯粳稻品种核心标记的筛选及DNA指纹图谱的构建[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(23): 4567-4582.
[3]	琚铭, 苗红梅, 黄盈盈, 马琴, 王慧丽, 王翠英, 段迎辉, 韩秀花, 张海洋. 芝麻种间杂交亲和性差异及杂种生物学特征分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(20): 3897-3909.
[4]	段雅如,高美玲,郭宇,梁晓雪,刘秀杰,徐洪国,刘继秀,高越,栾非时. 西瓜果形基因图位克隆及分子标记开发[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(14): 2812-2824.
[5]	方桃红,张敏,马春花,郑晓晨,谭文静,田冉,燕琼,周新力,李鑫,杨随庄,黄可兵,王建锋,韩德俊,王晓杰,康振生. 小麦抗条锈基因Yr52在品种改良中的应用[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(11): 2077-2091.
[6]	钟艳平,师立松,周瑢,高媛,何延庆,方圣,张秀荣,王林海,吴自明,张艳欣. 芝麻素高效提取检测技术的建立与高芝麻素种质的筛选[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(11): 2109-2120.
[7]	崔承齐, 刘艳阳, 江晓林, 孙知雨, 杜振伟, 武轲, 梅鸿献, 郑永战. 芝麻产量相关性状的多位点全基因组关联分析及候选基因预测[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(1): 219-232.
[8]	朱佩佩,罗燚佳,向雯,张明磊,张剑侠. 抗寒无核葡萄杂种胚挽救及分子标记辅助选择[J]. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(6): 1218-1228.
[9]	习玲, 王昱琦, 杨修, 朱微, 陈国跃, 王益, 覃鹏, 周永红, 康厚扬. 243份云南普通小麦地方品种抗条锈病鉴定及分子标记检测[J]. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(4): 684-695.
[10]	陈豆豆, 关利平, 贺亮亮, 宋银花, 章鹏, 刘三军. 葡萄无核基因分子标记的通用性鉴定[J]. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(22): 4880-4893.
[11]	孟君仁,曾文芳,邓丽,潘磊,鲁振华,崔国朝,王志强,牛良. 桃若干重要性状的KASP分子标记开发与应用[J]. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(15): 3295-3307.
[12]	韩光杰,刘琴,李传明,祁建杭,徐彬,陆玉荣,徐健. 稻纵卷叶螟颗粒体病毒的持续感染及检测[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(19): 3988-3995.
[13]	刘爱丽,魏梦园,黎冬华,周瑢,张秀荣,游均. 芝麻肌醇半乳糖苷合成酶基因SiGolS6的克隆及功能分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(17): 3432-3442.
[14]	贾姗姗,骆强伟,李莎莎,王跃进. 葡萄胚挽救技术优化及无核和玫瑰香味新种质创制[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(16): 3344-3355.
[15]	牛皓,平俊爱,王玉斌,张福耀,吕鑫,李慧明,楚建强. 基于SSR的光敏型饲草高粱分子辅助育种体系[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(14): 2795-2803.