中国矮马群体mtDNA Cytb基因遗传多样性及系统进化研究

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.03.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】利用线粒体细胞色素 b（mtDNA Cytb）基因为标记，从分子水平探讨中国5个矮马136个样本的遗传多样性和系统进化研究，为中国矮马的开发利用以及生物多样性保护提供基础资料。【方法】对矮马样本mtDNA Cytb基因进行PCR扩增和测序，运用现代生物信息学方法进行数据处理。【结果】共检测到27个单倍型，40个多态位点，约占分析位点总数的3.51%。云南矮马具有最高的单倍型多样度（Hd）（0.869），最低的为四川矮马（0.740），核苷酸多样度（Pi）最高的为贵州矮马（0.00435），最低的为宁强矮马（0.00227），各群体间的遗传多样性相差不大。系统发育树和NETwork图中每一分支均含有5个矮马群体的信息。【结论】5个矮马群体总体上具有较高的遗传多样性，其中云南、贵州及德保矮马的遗传多样性相对较高，四川和宁强矮马相对较低；系统发生关系分析说明中国5个矮马群体存在基因交流，具有多重母系起源。

关键词: 中国矮马 , Cytb , 遗传多样性 , 系统进化

Abstract: 【Objective】 In order to provide date and scientific basis for utilization and protection of biodiversity, diversity and phylogenetic relationships of five pony populations, 136 samples were studied. 【Method】 The PCR amplification and sequencing of mtDNA Cytb gene, the date analyzsis ways of biologic informatics were used. 【Result】 A total of 27 haplotypes were detected, and 40 polymorphic loci which account for 3.51% of the analyzed sites were found. The Yunnan and Guizhou populations had the highest haplotype diversity (Hd = 0.869) and nucleotide diversity (Pi = 0.0435), respectively, whereas the Yuexi and Ningqiang populations had the lowest respectively, but not far from each population. Each branch of the phylogenetic tree and NETwork results all had the information of five pony populations.【Conclusion】The five pony populations had higher genetic diversity in all, the Yunnan, Guizhou and Debao ponies had relatively higher genetic diversity, but Yuexi and Nongqiang pony were low. the phylogenetic research suggested that extensive gene flow exists among the five pony populations, and this study has provided evidence for Chinese ponies having multiple maternal origins.

Key words: Chinese pony , Cytb , genetic diversity , phylogenetic relationship

徐龙鑫, 杨胜林, 李爱萍, 乜玉丽, 杨海兵, 戴焰. 中国矮马群体mtDNA Cytb基因遗传多样性及系统进化研究[J]. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(3): 623-629.

XU Long-Xin, YANG Sheng-Lin, LI Ai-Ping, NIE Yu-Li, YANG Hai-Bing, DAI Yan. Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Relationship Among Five Pony Populations of China[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(3): 623-629.

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