二氧化氯处理促进厚皮甜瓜果实的采后愈伤

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.03.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的研究二氧化氯（ClO₂）处理对厚皮甜瓜果实采后愈伤的影响,为厚皮甜瓜的采后愈伤提供方法和理论依据。方法以‘玛瑙’厚皮甜瓜为试材,人工模拟损伤后,用25 mg·L ^-1的ClO₂浸泡损伤果实10 min,于常温黑暗条件下进行愈伤。测定愈伤期间损伤果实的失重率以及损伤接种粉红单端孢果实的病情指数,通过甲苯胺蓝和间苯三酚—盐酸染色法观察聚酚软木脂、聚酯软木脂和木质素在伤口部位的积累,并用IS Capture图像软件对聚酚软木脂、聚酯软木脂和木质素积累量进行分析。测定伤口表面的色度值,分析伤口处组织愈伤期间苯丙烷代谢活性以及过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶的活性变化。结果 ClO₂处理显著降低了损伤果实的失重率和损伤接种果实的病情指数,愈伤第7天时,处理比对照低10.3%。果实在损伤后不同时间段接种粉红单端孢,经1周培养观察,处理果实的病情指数显著低于对照,第7天时处理果实的病情指数比对照低56.9%。处理显著促进了果实伤口处聚酚软木脂、聚酯软木脂和木质素的积累,处理果实的积累量在愈伤的中后期显著高于对照,三者比对照分别高25.3%、77.7%和35.5%。愈伤期间,处理果实伤口处的L*值显著低于对照,b*值显著高于对照,在愈伤第5天时,处理果实的L*值比对照低6.1%,第3天时的b*值比对照高17.8%。处理明显提高了果实伤口处的苯丙氨酸解氨酶、过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶活性,在愈伤第7天时,处理果实伤口处的苯丙氨酸解氨酶、过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶活性分别高于对照34.3%、80.5%和15.7%。此外,处理果实伤口处的总酚、类黄酮和木质素含量也显著高于对照,第7天时,分别高于对照14.7%、16.8%和15.6%。结论 ClO₂处理可有效促进厚皮甜瓜果实的采后愈伤,ClO₂对愈伤的促进作用与激活伤口处的苯丙烷代谢,提高POD和PPO活性,促进软木脂和木质素的积累密切相关。

关键词: ClO₂, 厚皮甜瓜, 采后, 愈伤

Abstract:

【Objective】 The aims of this study were to investigate effect of chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) treatment on the wound healing of harvested muskmelons and its mechanism, providing methods and theoretical basis for wound healing of postharvest muskmelon fruit.【Method】 The muskmelon fruit ‘cv. Manao’ was used as material. After artificially wounded, fruits were dipped with ClO₂ at 25 mg?L ^-1 for 10 min, and the treated fruit and control were wound healed at ambient temperature in dark. The weight loss of fruit and the disease index of Trichotechium roseum inoculated fruit were measured during healing. The accumulation of suberin poly phenolic, suberin poly aliphatic and lignin at the wounded sites of fruit were observed by Toluidin blue O-neutral red staining and phloroglucinol-HCl staining method, and the amount of accumulation of the three compositions were measured by IS Capture image software. Moreover, the color values of wounded surface were measured. The enzyme activities of phenylpropanoid metabolism and changes of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activities were analyzed during the fruit wound healing stage. 【Result】 The weight loss of wounded fruit and the disease index of inoculated fruit were significantly reduced by ClO₂ treatment. The weight loss of treated fruit was 10.3% lower than that of control after 7 days of healing. Wounded fruit were inoculated by Trichotechium roseum at different wound healing periods. After one week cultivated, the disease index of the treated fruit was significantly lower than that of control, which was 56.9% lower at 7 days of healing. The ClO₂ treatment significantly promoted the accumulation of suberin poly phenolic, suberin poly aliphatic and lignin. The treated fruit were significantly higher than that of control at the mid and late stage of healing. After 7 days of healing, the thickness of suberin poly phenolic cell layers, suberin poly aliphatic and lignin cell layers of treated fruit was 25.3%, 77.7% and 35.5% higher than that of control, respectively. Compared with the control, the L* value of wounded surface in the treated fruit was significantly lower and b* value was significantly higher during healing. The L* value of the treated fruit was 6.1% lower than that of control after 5 days of healing. And the b* value of the treated fruit was 17.8% higher than that of control after 3 days of healing. The ClO₂ treatments increased enzymes activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase at wounded sites of fruit, which were 34.3%, 80.5% and 15.7% higher than that of control after 7 days of healing, respectively. Meanwhile, the treatment also improved the accumulation of total phenols, flavonoids and lignin at wounded sites, which were 14.7%, 16.8%, and 15.6% higher than that of control after 7 days of healing, respectively.【Conclusion】 ClO₂ treatment effectively promoted wound healing of harvested muskmelons by eliciting the phenylpropanoid metabolism. In addition, it also increased the enzymes activities of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase, and promoted accumulation of suberin and lignin at wounded sites.

Key words: chlorine dioxide, muskmelons, postharvest, wound healing

郑晓渊, 王调兰, 张静荣, 姜红, 王斌, 毕阳. 二氧化氯处理促进厚皮甜瓜果实的采后愈伤[J]. 中国农业科学, 2019, 52(3): 512-520.

ZHENG XiaoYuan, WANG TiaoLan, ZHANG JingRong, JIANG Hong, WANG Bin, BI Yang. Using Chlorine Dioxide Treatment to Promote Wound Healing of Postharvest Muskmelon Fruit[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(3): 512-520.

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