Achard P, Cheng H, De Grauwe L, Decat J, Schoutteten H, Moritz T, Harberd N P. 2006. Integration of plant responses to environmentally activated phytohormonal signals. Science, 311, 91–94.

Agati G, Azzarello E, Pollastri S, Tattini M. 2012. Flavonoids as antioxidants in plants: Location and functional significance. Plant Science, 196, 67–76.

Aickin M, Gensler H. 1996. Adjusting for multiple testing when reporting research results: The Bonferroni vs Holm methods. American Journal of Public Health, 86, 726–728.

Böttcher C, Burbidge C A, Boss P K, Davies C. 2015. Changes in transcription of cytokinin metabolism and signalling genes in grape (Vitis vinifera L.) berries are associated with the ripening-related increase in isopentenyladenine. BMC Plant Biology, 15, 1–15.

Cai F, Jin X, Tian Y, Huang Z, Wang X, Zhang Y, Shao C. 2024. Molecular regulation of bud dormancy in perennial plants. Plant Growth Regulation, 102, 1–11.

Cattani A M, da Silveira Falavigna V, Silveira C P, Buffon V, dos Santos Maraschin F, Pasquali G, Revers L F. 2020. Type-B cytokinin response regulators link hormonal stimuli and molecular responses during the transition from endo-to ecodormancy in apple buds. Plant Cell Reports, 39, 1687–1703.

Chen Z, Chen Y, Shi L, Wang L, Li W. 2023. Interaction of phytohormones and external environmental factors in the regulation of the bud dormancy in woody plants. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24, 17200.

Cooke J E, Eriksson M E, Junttila O. 2012. The dynamic nature of bud dormancy in trees: Environmental control and molecular mechanisms. Plant, Cell & Environment, 35, 1707–1728.

Corot A, Roman H, Douillet O, Autret H, Perez-Garcia M D, Citerne S, Demotes-Mainard S. 2017. Cytokinins and abscisic acid act antagonistically in the regulation of the bud outgrowth pattern by light intensity. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 1724.

Cutler S R, Rodriguez P L, Finkelstein R R, Abrams S R. 2010. Abscisic acid: Emergence of a core signaling network. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 61, 651–679.

Dennis Jr F. 2003. Problems in standardizing methods for evaluating the chilling requirements for the breaking of dormancy in buds of woody plants. CABI Digital Library, 38, 347–350.

Dobrev P I, Kamınek M. 2002. Fast and efficient separation of cytokinins from auxin and abscisic acid and their purification using mixed-mode solid-phase extraction. Journal of Chromatography A, 950, 21–29.

Dudareva N, Klempien A, Muhlemann J K, Kaplan I. 2013. Biosynthesis, function and metabolic engineering of plant volatile organic compounds. New Phytologist, 198, 16–32.

Fadón E, Fernandez E, Behn H, Luedeling E. 2020. A conceptual framework for winter dormancy in deciduous trees. Agronomy, 10, 241.

Fan S, Zhang D, Lei C, Chen H, Xing L, Ma J, Han M. 2016. Proteome analyses using iTRAQ labeling reveal critical mechanisms in alternate bearing Malus prunifolia. Journal of Proteome Research, 15, 3602–3616.

Fennell A. 2014. Genomics and functional genomics of winter low temperature tolerance in temperate fruit crops. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 33, 125–140.

González Noguer C, Delgado A, Else M, Hadley P. 2023. Apple (Malus× domestica Borkh.) dormancy a review of regulatory mechanisms and agroclimatic requirements. Frontiers in Horticulture, 2, 1217689.

Kang J, Hwang J U, Lee M, Kim Y Y, Assmann S M, Martinoia E, Lee Y. 2010. PDR-type ABC transporter mediates cellular uptake of the phytohormone abscisic acid. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 107, 2355–2360.

Kazan K, Manners J M. 2013. MYC2: The master in action. Molecular Plant, 6, 686–703.

Kieber J J, Schaller G E. 2014. Cytokinins. The Arabidopsis Book, 12, e0168.

Kitamura Y, Chen W, Yamane H, Tao R. 2019. Functional genes in bud dormancy and impacts on plant breeding. In: Habu T, Yamane H, Tao R, eds., The Prunus Mume Genome. Springer, Cham, Switzerland. pp. 101–117.

Kumar G, Rattan U K, Singh A K. 2016. Chilling-mediated DNA methylation changes during dormancy and its release reveal the importance of epigenetic regulation during winter dormancy in apple (Malus×domestica Borkh.). PLoS ONE, 11, e0149934.

Li Y, Zhang D, An N, Fan S, Zuo X, Zhang X, Xing L. 2019. Transcriptomic analysis reveals the regulatory module of apple (Malus×domestica) floral transition in response to 6-BA. BMC Plant Biology, 19, 1–17.

Liscum E, Reed J. 2002. Genetics of Aux/IAA and ARF action in plant growth and development. Plant Molecular Biology, 49, 387–400.

Liu J, Sherif S M. 2019. Hormonal orchestration of bud dormancy cycle in deciduous woody perennials. Frontiers in Plant Science, 10, 1136.

Liu K, Yang A, Yan J, Liang Z, Yuan G, Cong P, Zhang C. 2023. MdAIL5 overexpression promotes apple adventitious shoot regeneration by regulating hormone signaling and activating the expression of shoot development-related genes. Horticulture Research, 10, uhad198.

Livak K J, Schmittgen T D. 2001. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2−ΔΔCT method. Methods, 25, 402–408.

Milyaev A, Born U, Sprich E, Hagemann M, Flachowsky H, Luedeling E. 2024. Identifying indicators of apple bud dormancy status by exposure to artificial forcing conditions. Tree Physiology, 44, tpae112.

Milyaev A, Kofler J, Moya Y A T, Lempe J, Stefanelli D, Hanke M V, Wünsche J N. 2022. Profiling of phytohormones in apple fruit and buds regarding their role as potential regulators of flower bud formation. Tree Physiology, 42, 2319–2335.

Mueller-Roeber B, Balazadeh S. 2014. Auxin and its role in plant senescence. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 33, 21–33.

Ramírez-Carvajal G A, Morse A M, Davis J M. 2008. Transcript profiles of the cytokinin response regulator gene family in Populus imply diverse roles in plant development. New Phytologist, 177, 77–89.

Ríos G, Leida C, Conejero A, Badenes M L. 2014. Epigenetic regulation of bud dormancy events in perennial plants. Frontiers in Plant Science, 5, 247.

Rohde A, Bhalerao R P. 2007. Plant dormancy in the perennial context. Trends in Plant Science, 12, 217–223.

Sakakibara H. 2006. Cytokinins: Activity, biosynthesis, and translocation. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 57, 431–449.

Salam U, Ullah S, Tang Z H, Elateeq A A, Khan Y, Khan J, Ali S. 2023. Plant metabolomics: An overview of the role of primary and secondary metabolites against different environmental stress factors. Life, 13, 706.

Serrano A, Espinoza C, Armijo G, Inostroza-Blancheteau C, Poblete E, Meyer-Regueiro C, Arce-Johnson P. 2017. Omics approaches for understanding grapevine berry development: Regulatory networks associated with endogenous processes and environmental responses. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 1486.

Singh A, Roychoudhury A. 2023. Abscisic acid in plants under abiotic stress: Crosstalk with major phytohormones. Plant Cell Reports, 42, 961–974.

Spartz A K, Ren H, Park M Y, Grandt K N, Lee S H, Murphy A S, Gray W M. 2014. SAUR inhibition of PP2C-D phosphatases activates plasma membrane H+-ATPases to promote cell expansion in Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell, 26, 2129–2142.

Spíchal L. 2012. Cytokinins - Recent news and views of evolutionally old molecules. Functional Plant Biology, 39, 267–284.

Sun T P. 2011. The molecular mechanism and evolution of the GA–GID1–DELLA signaling module in plants. Current Biology, 21, R338–R345.

Tahir M M, He X, Liu Y, Raza H, Aziz U, Fan L, Zhang D. 2023. Nitrate stimulates adventitious rooting by increasing auxin content and regulating auxin-and root development-related genes expression in apple. Horticulture Advances, 1, 18.

Tan M, Li G, Liu X, Cheng F, Ma J, Zhao C, Han M. 2018. Exogenous application of GA 3 inactively regulates axillary bud outgrowth by influencing of branching-inhibitors and bud-regulating hormones in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.). Molecular Genetics and Genomics, 293, 1547–1563.

Tholl D. 2015. Biosynthesis and biological functions of terpenoids in plants. In: Schrader J, Bohlmann J, eds. Biotechnology of Isoprenoids. vol. 148. Springer, Cham, Switzerland. pp. 63–106.

To J P, Haberer G, Ferreira F J, Deruere J, Mason M G, Schaller G E, Kieber J J. 2004. Type-A Arabidopsis response regulators are partially redundant negative regulators of cytokinin signaling. The Plant Cell, 16, 658–671.

Vanholme R, Demedts B, Morreel K, Ralph J, Boerjan W. 2010. Lignin biosynthesis and structure. Plant Physiology, 153, 895–905.

Vogt T. 2010. Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. Molecular Plant, 3, 2–20.

Wang H, Tahir M M, Nawaz M A, Mao J, Li K, Wei Y, Zhang D. 2020. Spermidine application affects the adventitious root formation and root morphology of apple rootstock by altering the hormonal profile and regulating the gene expression pattern. Scientia Horticulturae, 266, 109310.

Wang M, Le Gourrierec J, Jiao F, Demotes-Mainard S, Perez-Garcia M D, Ogé L, Chen J. 2021. Convergence and divergence of sugar and cytokinin signaling in plant development. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22, 1282.

Wasternack C, Hause B. 2013. Jasmonates: Biosynthesis, perception, signal transduction and action in plant stress response, growth and development. Annals of Botany, 111, 1021–1058.

Wen L, Zhong W, Huo X, Zhuang W, Ni Z, Gao Z. 2016. Expression analysis of ABA- and GA-related genes during four stages of bud dormancy in Japanese apricot (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc). The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 91, 362–369.

Xie C, Mao X, Huang J, Ding Y, Wu J, Dong S, Wei L. 2011. KOBAS 2.0: A web server for annotation and identification of enriched pathways and diseases. Nucleic Acids Research, 39, 316–322.

Xu J, Fan Y, Han X, Pan H, Dai J, Wei Y, Liu J. 2023. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis reveal the underlying mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis in Toona sinensis leaves. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24, 15459.

Yamane H, Singh A K, Cooke J E. 2021. Plant dormancy research: From environmental control to molecular regulatory networks. Tree Physiology, 41, 523–528.

Zhao Y L, Li Y, Cao K, Yao J L, Bie H L, Khan I A, Wang L R. 2023. MADS-box protein PpDAM6 regulates chilling requirement-mediated dormancy and bud break in peach. Plant Physiology, 193, 448–465.

Zheng C, Halaly T, Acheampong A K, Takebayashi Y, Jikumaru Y, Kamiya Y, Or E. 2015. Abscisic acid (ABA) regulates grape bud dormancy, and dormancy release stimuli may act through modification of ABA metabolism. Journal of Experimental Botany, 66, 1527–1542.

Zheng X, Mo W, Zuo Z, Shi Q, Chen X, Zhao X, Han J. 2024. From Regulation to application: the role of abscisic acid in seed and fruit development and agronomic production strategies. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25, 12024.

Zubo Y O, Schaller G E. 2020. Role of the cytokinin-activated Type-B response regulators in hormone crosstalk. Plants, 9, 166.