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Journal of Integrative Agriculture  2023, Vol. 22 Issue (12): 3694-3708    DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.09.024
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Physiological and biochemical characteristics of boscalid resistant isolates of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum from asparagus lettuce
SHI Dong-ya1, 2, LI Feng-jie1, ZHANG Zhi-hui1, Xu Qiao-nan2, CAO Ying-ying1, Jane Ifunanya MBADIANYA1, LI Xin1, WANG Jin1, CHEN Chang-jun1#
1 Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R.China
2 Jiangsu Pesticide Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210046, P.R.China
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摘要  

由核盘菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)引起的莴苣菌核病是我国常见的病害。由于缺乏可商业化的抗性品种,目前主要依赖杀菌剂进行防控。啶酰菌胺(boscalid, 简称Bos),隶属于琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂类(SDHI)杀菌剂,在我国用于核盘菌防治已有十多年,部分地区出现该药剂对莴苣菌核病的防效下降现象,但核盘菌的抗药性状况尚不清楚。为此,本实验室于2019年从江苏六个市的莴苣病样中共分离了172株核盘菌。采用鉴别剂量(5 μg mL-1的浓度)法,进行抗药性菌株鉴定,发现对该药剂的低抗(BosLR)群体占所检测菌株总数的76.74%。进一步研究表明:BosLR菌株的生物适合度不低于啶酰菌胺敏感(BosS)菌株;大多数BosLR菌株的草酸积累和胞外多糖(EPS)含量较BosS菌株均增加,但膜透性降低,对供试的胁迫因子耐受性差异显著;离体防效测定也验证了田间确实存在BosLR的抗药性亚群体;田间存在3种对啶酰菌胺的抗性基因型(①SDHBA11V,②SDHCQ38R,③SDHBA11V+SDHCQ38R),该抗性可能由药剂和靶标间的亲和力下降导致;但BosLR菌株对噻呋酰胺、氟唑菌酰羟胺、氟啶胺和戊唑醇间均无交互抗性。本研究首次报道了我国莴苣核盘菌对啶酰菌胺存在田间抗性,这对该病的抗药性治理和精准防控具有指导意义。



Abstract  

Laboratory mutants of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib) de Bary, resistant to boscalid, have been extensively characterized.  However, the resistance situation in the lettuce field remains largely elusive.  In this study, among the 172 S. sclerotiorum isolates collected from asparagus lettuce field in Jiangsu Province, China, 132 isolates (76.74%) exhibited low-level resistance to boscalid (BosLR), with a discriminatory dose of 5 μg mL–1.  In comparison to the boscalid-sensitive (BosS) isolates, most BosLR isolates demonstrated a slightly superior biological fitness, as evidenced by data on mycelial growth, sclerotium production and pathogenicity.  Moreover, most BosLR isolates showed comparable levels of oxalic acid (OA) accumulation, increased exopolysaccharide (EPS) content and reduced membrane permeability when compared to the BosS isolates.  Nevertheless, their responses to distinct stress factors diverged significantly.  Furthermore, the effectiveness of boscalid in controlling BosLR isolates on radish was diminished compared to its efficacy on BosS isolates.  Genetic mutations were identified in the SDH genes of BosLR isolates, revealing the existence of three resistant genotypes: I (A11V at SDHB, SDHBA11V), II (Q38R at SDHC, SDHCQ38R) and III (SDHBA11V+SDHCQ38R).  Importantly, no cross-resistance was observed between boscalid and other fungicides such as thifluzamide, pydiflumetofen, fluazinam, or tebuconazole.  Our molecular docking analysis indicated that the docking total score (DTS) of the type I resistant isolates (1.3993) was lower than that of the sensitive isolates (1.7499), implying a reduced affinity between SDHB and boscalid as a potential mechanism underlying the boscalid resistance in S. sclerotiorum.  These findings contribute to an enhanced comprehension of boscalid’s mode of action and furnish valuable insights into the management of boscalid resistance.

Keywords:  Sclerotinia sclerotiorum        Boscalid        Asparagus lettuce        SDHBA11V        SDHCQ38R  
Received: 10 May 2023   Accepted: 16 July 2023
Fund: This work was supported by the Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development, China (BE2021361), the Jiangsu Agriculture Science and Technology Innovation Fund ((CX(21)2037 and CX(22)3072)), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31672065).
About author:  SHI Dong-ya, E-mail: 2018202051@njau.edu.cn; #Correspondence CHEN Chang-jun, E-mail: changjun-chen@njau.edu.cn

Cite this article: 

SHI Dong-ya, LI Feng-jie, ZHANG Zhi-hui, XU Qiao-nan, CAO Ying-ying, Jane Ifunanya MBADIANYA, LI Xin, WANG Jin, CHEN Chang-jun. 2023. Physiological and biochemical characteristics of boscalid resistant isolates of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum from asparagus lettuce. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 22(12): 3694-3708.

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