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Journal of Integrative Agriculture  2024, Vol. 23 Issue (1): 267-282    DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.07.025
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The competition between Bidens pilosa and Setaria viridis alters soil microbial composition and soil ecological function

Qiao Li1, Jianying Guo1, Han Zhang1, 2, Mengxin Zhao1#

1 State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

2 College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China

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摘要  

三叶鬼针草(Bidens pilosa是中国的主要入侵植物之一其入侵农业、林业、畜牧业和生物多样性造成了严重损失。土壤生态系统在外来植物入侵中起着重要作用土壤微生物植物土壤生态功能之间的中介,土壤酶活性和养分动态具有调节作用。了解入侵植物、土壤微生物和土壤生态过程之间的相互作用对管理和减轻入侵物种对环境的影响至关重要。本研究对三叶鬼针草入侵地常见的本地伴生植物狗尾草(Setaria viridis)进行了系统分析。为了模拟三叶鬼针草入侵过程,我们构建了三叶鬼针草狗尾草分别单种和两者混合种植同质园小区分别采集了外来植物三叶鬼针草和本土植物狗尾草的根际土壤和非根际土壤。在本研究中,我们重点研究三叶鬼针草成功入侵的土壤生态功能机制。为我们分析了三叶鬼针草对土壤微生物群落组成和土壤生态功能的影响。结果表明三叶鬼针草入侵使其生物量增加了27.51%,而狗尾草的生物量显著降低了66.56%三叶鬼针草根际和非根际土壤的有机质含量为本植物土壤1.30左右三叶鬼针草根际土壤中TNNO3-的含量是本植物土壤1.30-2.71倍。三叶鬼针草根际土壤中酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶和脲酶的活性是本植物的1.98-2.25倍。通过对16S rRNA基因的高通量测序,结果发现三叶鬼针草改变了土壤微生物群落的组成具体而言,三叶鬼针草生长的土壤中富集了大量放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria)属。相关性分析结果显示这些属与土壤养分和酶活性显著正相关。植物生物量、土壤pH以及有机质、TNNO3-TPAPTKAK含量是影响土壤微生物群落的主要因素。研究表明,三叶鬼针草入侵导致了土壤微生物群落组成的显著变化这些变化与植物性状以及土壤理化性质的改变密切相关。三叶鬼针草入侵的土壤中富集一些与碳氮磷循环相关的微生物。这些发现为外来植物成功入侵的“土壤-微生物反馈假说提供了支持,同时也为土壤微生物促进三叶鬼针草成功入侵提供了生态制的新见解。总之,本研究有助于更好地理解入侵植物、土壤微生物群落和生态系统动态之间复杂的相互作用。



Abstract  Bidens pilosa is recognized as one of the major invasive plants in China.  Its invasion has been associated with significant losses in agriculture, forestry, husbandry, and biodiversity.  Soil ecosystems play an important role in alien plant invasion.  Microorganisms within the soil act as intermediaries between plants and soil ecological functions, playing a role in regulating soil enzyme activities and nutrient dynamics.  Understanding the interactions between invasive plants, soil microorganisms, and soil ecological processes is vital for managing and mitigating the impacts of invasive species on the environment.  In this study, we conducted a systematic analysis focusing on B. pilosa and Setaria viridis, a common native companion plant in the invaded area.  To simulate the invasion process of Bpilosa, we constructed homogeneous plots consisting of Bpilosa and Sviridis grown separately as monocultures, as well as in mixtures.  The rhizosphere and bulk soils were collected from the alien plant Bpilosa and the native plant Sviridis.  In order to focus on the soil ecological functional mechanisms that contribute to the successful invasion of Bpilosa, we analyzed the effects of Bpilosa on the composition of soil microbial communities and soil ecological functions.  The results showed that the biomass of Bpilosa increased by 27.51% and that of Sviridis was significantly reduced by 66.56%.  The organic matter contents in the bulk and rhizosphere soils of Bpilosa were approximately 1.30 times those in the native plant soils.  The TN and NO3 contents in the rhizosphere soil of Bpilosa were 1.30 to 2.71 times those in the native plant soils.  The activities of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and urease in the rhizosphere soil of Bpilosa were 1.98–2.25 times higher than in the native plant soils.  Using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, we found that Bpilosa altered the composition of the soil microbial community.  Specifically, many genera in Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were enriched in Bpilosa soils.  Further correlation analyses verified that these genera had significantly positive relationships with soil nutrients and enzyme activities.  Plant biomass, soil pH, and the contents of organic matter, TN, NO3, TP, AP, TK, and AK were the main factors affecting soil microbial communities.  This study showed that the invasion of Bpilosa led to significant alterations in the composition of the soil microbial communities.  These changes were closely linked to modifications in plant traits as well as soil physical and chemical properties.  Some microbial species related to C, N and P cycling were enriched in the soil invaded by Bpilosa.  These findings provide additional support for the hypothesis of soil-microbe feedback in the successful invasion of alien plants.  They also offer insights into the ecological mechanism by which soil microbes contribute to the successful invasion of Bpilosa.  Overall, our research contributes to a better understanding of the complex interactions between invasive plants, soil microbial communities, and ecosystem dynamics.
Keywords:  plant invasion        Bidens pilosa        soil microbial composition        soil properties        soil enzyme activities   
Received: 02 February 2023   Accepted: 29 June 2023
Fund: 

This work was funded by the National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFC2601100, 2021YFD1400100 and 2021YFC2600400), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42207162).

About author:  Qiao Li, E-mail: oaiqil@163.com; #Correspondence Mengxin Zhao, Tel/Fax: +86-10-82105927, E-mail: zhaomengxin@caas.cn

Cite this article: 

Qiao Li, Jianying Guo, Han Zhang, Mengxin Zhao. 2024.

The competition between Bidens pilosa and Setaria viridis alters soil microbial composition and soil ecological function . Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 23(1): 267-282.

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