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Journal of Integrative Agriculture  2023, Vol. 22 Issue (6): 1870-1882    DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.02.025
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Maize straw application as an interlayer improves organic carbon and total nitrogen concentrations in the soil profile: A four-year experiment in a saline soil
CHANG Fang-di1*, WANG Xi-quan1*, SONG Jia-shen1, ZHANG Hong-yuan1, YU Ru1, WANG Jing1, LIU Jian2, WANG Shang3, JI Hong-jie1, LI Yu-yi1#

1 Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R.China

2 The Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), As 1431, Norway

3 Department of Soil and Plant Microbiome, Institute of Phytopathology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel 24118, Germany

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摘要  

土壤盐渍化是限制干旱区农业生产的一个重要环境问题。将秸秆深还田至地表下40 cm处形成生物质隔层抑制土壤返盐的有效措施之一然而,不同用量秸秆隔层对盐碱土壤剖面有机碳(SOC)和总氮(TN)的遗留效应的影响尚不明确因此,本研究基于四年(2015-2018年)的不同用量(即061218 Mg·ha-1秸秆隔层处理田间定位试验,分析了秸秆隔层措施对盐碱土壤剖面中有机碳和全氮含量的影响。结果表明:与无秸秆隔层CK)相比,秸秆隔层处理的20-40 cm40-60 cm土层SOC含量分别增加了14-32%11-57%,TN含量分别增加了8-22%和6-34%SOC含量的增幅高于TN含量,从而20-60 cm土层的CN比增加。与CK相比,秸秆隔层处理的20-60 cm土层SOCTN含量的显著增加导致了土壤层化率0-20: 20-60 cm)的下降,促进了SOCTN在土壤剖面上的均匀分布。此外SOCTN含量均随秸秆隔层用量的增加而增加,同时秸秆隔层处理有效的水盐调控效果显著提升向日葵产量。综合比较12 Mg·ha-1的秸秆隔层处理SOCTNC:N比相对较高,土壤层化比率较低。以上结果表明,秸秆隔层措施在改善盐碱地底层土壤肥力方面有很大潜力,其遗留效应至少能维持4



Abstract  

Soil salinization is a critical environmental issue restricting agricultural production.  Deep return of straw to the soil as an interlayer (at 40 cm depth) has been a popular practice to alleviate salt stress.  However, the legacy effects of straw added as an interlayer at different rates on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) in saline soils still remain inconclusive.  Therefore, a four-year (2015–2018) field experiment was conducted with four levels (i.e., 0, 6, 12 and 18 Mg ha–1) of straw returned as an interlayer.  Compared with no straw interlayer (CK), straw addition increased SOC concentration by 14–32 and 11–57% in the 20–40 and 40–60 cm soil layers, respectively.  The increases in soil TN concentration (8–22 and 6–34% in the 20–40 and 40–60 cm soil layers, respectively) were lower than that for SOC concentration, which led to increased soil C:N ratio in the 20–60 cm soil depth.  Increases in SOC and TN concentrations in the 20–60 cm soil layer with straw addition led to a decrease in stratification ratios (0–20 cm:20–60 cm), which promoted uniform distributions of SOC and TN in the soil profile.  Increases in SOC and TN concentrations were associated with soil salinity and moisture regulation and improved sunflower yield.  Generally, compared with other treatments, the application of 12 Mg ha–1 straw had higher SOC, TN and C:N ratio, and lower soil stratification ratio in the 2015–2017 period.  The results highlighted that legacy effects of straw application as an interlayer were maintained for at least four years, and demonstrated that deep soil straw application had a great potential for improving subsoil fertility in salt-affected soils.

Keywords:  straw addition        interlayer        soil organic carbon        soil nitrogen        C:N ratio        saline soil  
Received: 02 September 2022   Online: 25 February 2023   Accepted: 22 December 2022
Fund: 

This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31871584), the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS-ZDRW202201), the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Non-profit Scientific Institution, China (1610132020011), the “Open the list” in charge of the Science and Technology Project of Ordos, Center for Agro-pastoral Ecology and Resource Conservation of Ordos City, Inner Mongolia, China (JBGS-2021-001), and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Research Project (2021EEDSCXSFQZD011).


About author:  CHANG Fang-di, E-mail: cfd1229@163.com; WANG Xi-quan, E-mail: wangxiquan@caas.cn; #Correspondence LI Yu-yi, Tel: +86-10-82105057, Fax: +86-10-82106225, E-mail: liyuyi@caas.cn * These authors contributed equally to this study.

Cite this article: 

CHANG Fang-di, WANG Xi-quan, SONG Jia-shen, ZHANG Hong-yuan, YU Ru, WANG Jing, LIU Jian, WANG Shang, JI Hong-jie, LI Yu-yi. 2023. Maize straw application as an interlayer improves organic carbon and total nitrogen concentrations in the soil profile: A four-year experiment in a saline soil. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 22(6): 1870-1882.

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