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Special Issue:
农业生态环境-氮素合辑Agro-ecosystem & Environment—Nitrogen
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| The Nutrient Expert decision support system improves nutrient use efficiency and environmental performance of radish in North China |
| ZHANG Jia-jia1, 2, DING Wen-cheng1, CUI Rong-zong3, LI Ming-yue4, Sami ULLAH1, 5, HE Ping1 |
1 Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R.China
2 Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, P.R.China
3 Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P.R.China
4 Tianjin Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Tianjin 300192, P.R.China
5 Department of Biology, University of Okara, Okara 56130, Pakistan
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摘要
我国华北地区萝卜生产中施肥过量导致了较低的养分利用率，并造成了严重的环境问题。养分专家系统（Nutrient Expert, NE）是一个基于科学的、实地的施肥决策支持系统，但对于萝卜养分专家系统田间适用性的评价鲜有报道。本研究旨在从农学、经济和环境效益方面验证萝卜养分专家系统的可行性。于2018年4月-2019年11月在我国华北萝卜主产区共实施了46个田间试验。结果表明，与农民习惯施肥（FP）处理相比，NE处理显著降低了氮、磷和钾肥施用量分别为98 kg N/ha、110 kg P2O5/ha和47 kg K2O/ha；与土壤测试（ST）相比，NE处理显著降低了氮肥和磷肥施用量分别为48 kg P2O5/ha和44 kg K2O/ha，而钾肥施用量无显著性差异。与FP和ST处理相比，NE处理显著提高了萝卜产量分别为2.7和2.6 t/ha，提高了经济效益分别达5951和3071元/ha。就全部试验的平均值而言，与FP和ST处理相比，NE处理显著提高了氮、磷和钾肥的农学效率分别为42.4和31.0、67.4和50.9以及20.3和12.3 kg/kg，显著提高了氮、磷和钾肥的回收利用率分别为11.4和7.0、14.1和7.5以及11.3和6.3个百分点，显著提高了氮、磷和钾肥的偏生产力分别为162.9和96.8、488.0和327.3以及86.9和22.4 kg/kg。此外，与FP处理相比，NE处理显著降低了氮肥和磷肥盈余量分别为105.1 kg N/ha和115.1 kg P2O5/ha，降低表观氮素损失达110.8 kg N/ha。综上所述，养分专家系统是一种有效的、可行的推荐施肥方法，可提高我国华北地区萝卜养分利用率和降低环境风险。
Abstract Excessive fertilization has led to nutrient use inefficiency and serious environmental consequences for radish cultivation in North China. The Nutrient Expert (NE) system is a science-based, site-specific fertilization decision support system, but the updated NE system for radish has rarely been evaluated. This study aims to validate the feasibility of NE for radish fertilization management from agronomic, economic, and environmental perspectives. A total of 46 field experiments were conducted over four seasons from April 2018 to November 2019 across the major radish growing regions in North China. The results indicated that NE significantly reduced N, P2O5, and K2O application rates by 98, 110, and 47 kg ha−1 relative to those in the farmers’ practice (FP), respectively, and reduced N and P2O5 inputs by 48 and 44 kg ha−1, respectively, while maintaining the same K2O rate as soil testing (ST). Relative to FP and ST, NE significantly increased radish yield by 2.7 and 2.6 t ha−1 (4.2 and 4.0%) and net returns by 837 and 432 USD ha−1, respectively. On average, NE significantly improved the agronomic efficiency (AE) of N, P, and K (relative to FP and ST) by 42.4 and 31.0, 67.4 kg kg−1 and 50.9, and 20.3 and 12.3 kg kg−1; enhanced the recovery efficiency (RE) of N, P, and K by 11.4 and 7.0, 14.1 and 7.5, and 11.3 and 6.3 percentage points; and increased the partial factor productivity (PFP) of N, P, and K by 162.9 and 96.8, 488.0 and 327.3, and 86.9 and 22.4 kg kg−1, respectively. Furthermore, NE substantially reduced N and P2O5 surpluses by 105.1 and 115.1 kg ha−1, respectively, and decreased apparent N loss by 110.8 kg ha−1 compared to FP. These results indicated that the NE system is an effective and feasible approach for improving NUE and promoting cleaner radish production in North China.
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Received: 29 December 2020
Accepted: 20 February 2021
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Fund: We acknowledge the financial support from the National Key Research & Development Program of China (2016FYD0200103) and the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Non-profit Scientific Institution, China (1610132019047).
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| About author: ZHANG Jia-jia, Mobile: +86-13051379585, E-mail: zhangjiajia_91@163.com; Correspondence HE Ping, Tel: +86-10-82105638, E-mail: heping02@caas.cn |
Cite this article:
ZHANG Jia-jia, DING Wen-cheng, CUI Rong-zong, LI Ming-yue, Sami ULLAH, HE Ping.
2022.
The Nutrient Expert decision support system improves nutrient use efficiency and environmental performance of radish in North China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 21(5): 1501-1512.
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