|
|
|
|
|
| Effects of soilless substrates on seedling quality and the growth of transplanted super japonica rice |
| LEI Wu-sheng1, 2, DING Yan-feng1, LI Gang-hua1, TANG She1, WANG Shao-hua1 |
1 Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production/National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agricultrue/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R.China 2 Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, P.R.China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract This study was conducted to investigate the effects of soilless substrates of hydroponically grown long-mat seedlings (HLMS) on seedling quality and field growth characteristics of transplanted super japonica rice. A widely grown conventional super japonica rice cultivar (Wuyunjing 23) was selected as the test material. The effect of HLMS on seedling quality, mechanical transplantation quality, field growth characteristics, yield, and benefit-cost ratio were compared with seedlings grown in organic substrates and traditional nutritive soil, which was selected as the control. Root number, root twisting power and root activity of seedlings cultivated by HLMS were decreased compared to that of the organic substrates and control. However, seedling root length as well as aboveground growth were increased compared to the organic substrates and control seedlings. In the HLMS, the content of gibberellin acid (GA3) decreased while abscisic acid (ABA) content increased compared to that of the organic substrates and control seedlings. During the early stages after transplanting, the re-greening of HLMS was delayed compared to that of the organic substrates and control seedlings. Nevertheless, there were no significant differences in tiller dynamics and crop yield among the HLMS, organic substrates and control treatments. The effects of HLMS on seedling production were similar to those of the organic substrates and traditional nutritive soil in the present study, suggesting that HLMS have the potential to replace traditional nutritive soil in seedling production without decreasing crop yield. Finally, it is important to reduce organic substrates and topsoil dependence during rice seedling production and worthwhile to consider HLMS popularization and its application on a larger scale.
|
|
Received: 28 September 2016
Accepted:
|
| Fund: Funding was provided by the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China during the 12th Five-Year Plan period (2016YFD0300505 and 2015BAD01B03), the Public Welfare and Industry, Ministry of Agriculture, China (201403039 and 201303102), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (KYTZ201402). |
|
Corresponding Authors:
LI Gang-hua, Tel/Fax: +86-25-84396475, E-mail: lgh@njau.edu.cn
|
| About author: LEI Wu-sheng, E-mail: leiwsh@163.com |
Cite this article:
LEI Wu-sheng1, 2, DING Yan-feng1, LI Gang-hua1, TANG She1, WANG Shao-hua1.
2017.
Effects of soilless substrates on seedling quality and the growth of transplanted super japonica rice. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 16(05): 1053-1063.
|
| Becana M, Dalton D A, Moran J F, Iturbe-Ormaetxe I, Matamoros M A, Rubio M C. 2000. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in legume nodules. Physiologia Plantarum, 109, 372–381.Biddington N L, Dearman A S. 1982. The effect of abscisic acid on root and shoot growth of cauliflower plants. Plant Growth Regulation, 1, 15–24.Cao W X. 2006. General Crop Cultivation. Science Press, Beijing. pp. 236–240. (in Chinese)Chen G, Hu W Y, Xie P T, Zhang L J. 1991. Solvent for extracting malondialdehyde in plant as an index of senescence. Plant Physiology Communication, 27, 44–46.Confalonieri R, Bocchi S. 2005. Evaluation of crop system for simulating the yield of flooded rice in northern Italy. European Journal of Agronomy, 23, 315–332.Gao J P, Sui Y H, Huo Y Q, Tang L, Meng J, Zhang W Z, Chen W F. 2014. The research progress and prospects on biochar used as matrix in rice seedling. Crops, 2, 16–21.Gu J, Yin X, Stomph T J, Wang H, Struik P C. 2012. Physiological basis of genetic variation in leaf photosynthesis among rice (Oryza sativa L.) introgression lines under drought and well-watered conditions. Journal of Experimental Botany, 63, 5137–5153.Hedden P. 2003. The genes of the Green Revolution. Trends in Genetics, 19, 5–9.Huang H M, Wu M J, Wang N, Jin F Y, Cao C X, Liu X H. 2014. Influence of different seedling raising substracts on mechanical transplanting seedling quality and yield in rice. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 15, 163–167. (in Chinese)Ikehashi H. 2009. Why are there indica type and japonica type in rice? History of the studies and a view for origin of two types. Rice Science, 16, 1–13.Jin Q, Wang Y, Li X, Wu S, Wana Y, Luo J, Mattson Neil, Y Xu. 2017. Interactions between ethylene, gibberellin and abscisic acid in regulating submergence induced petiole elongation in Nelumbo nucifera. Aquatic Botany, 137, 9–15.Kanazawa S, Sano S, Koshiba T, Ushimaru T. 2000. Changes in antioxidative enzymes in cucumber cotyledons during natural senescence: Comparison with those during dark-induced senescence. Physiologia Plantarum, 109, 211–216.Kempa S, Krasensky J, Dal Santo S, Kopka J, Jonak C. 2008. A central role of abscisic acid in stress-regulated carbohydrate metabolism. PLoS ONE, 3, e3935.Koshita Y, Takahara T, Ogata T, Goto A. 1999. Involvement of endogenous plant hormones (IAA, ABA, GAs) in leaves and flower bud formation of satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.). Scientia Horticulturae, 79, 185–194.Li G H, Li Y X, Ding Y F, Wang S H, Liu Z H, Tang S, Ding C Q. 2014. One Kind of Soilless Medium for Rice Seedling Culture. China Patent, Application No. 2014202617618, 2014-11-12. (in Chinese)Li Y X, Li G H, Ding Y F, Wang Q S, Liu Z H, Tang S, Lei W S. 2012. Nursery Bed for Hydroponic Cultivation. China Patent, Application No. 2011205558872, 2012-10-03. (in Chinese)Lin Y J, Zhang J H, Hu JJ, Zhu L F, Cao X C, Yu S M, Jin Q Y. 2016. Effects of different seedling substrates on physiological characters and grain yield of mechanized-transplanted rice. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 8, 18–26. (in Chinese)Ling Q H. 2000. Quality of Crop Community. Shanghai Science and Technology Press, Shanghai. pp. 302–304. (in Chinese)Ling Q H. 2007. Rice Precise Quantitative Cultivation Theory and Technology. China Agriculture Press, Beijing. pp. 422–423.Lu Y X, Cui X W, Luo H R, Liu Q, Dai J H, Peng F Y. 2012. Effect of organic waste substituted as raising substrate on seedling quality of rice. Journal of Southern Agriculture, 43, 1703–1707. (in Chinese)Luo X, Chen Z, Gao J, Gong Z. 2014. Abscisic acid inhibits root growth in Arabidopsis through ethylene biosynthesis. The Plant Journal, 79, 44–55.Matusmoto T, Yamada K, Yoshizawa Y, Keimei O H. 2016. Comparison of effect of brassinosteroid and gibberellin biosynthesis inhibitors on growth of rice seedlings. Rice Science, 23, 51–55.Miao M M, Yang X G, Han X S, Wang K S. 2011. Sugar signaling is involved in the sex expression response of monoecious cucumber to low temperature. Journal of Experiment Botany, 62, 797–804.Peng S, Cassman K G, Virmani S S, Sheehy J, Khush G S. 1999. Yield potential trends of tropical rice since release of IR8 and the challenge on increasing rice yield. Crop Science, 39, 1552–1559.Reddy K S, Reddy B B. 1992. Effect of transplanting time, plant density and seedling age on growth and yield of rice. Indian Journal of Agronomy, 37, 18–21.Sarangi S K, Maji B, Singh S, Burman D, Mandal S, Sharma D K, Singh U S, Ismail A M, Haefele S M. 2015. Improved nursery management further enhances the productivity of stress-tolerant rice varieties in coastal rainfed lowlands. Field Crops Research, 174, 61–70. Sasaki A, Ashikari M, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Itoh H, Nishimura A, Swapan D, Ishiyama K, Saito T, Kobayashi M, Khush G S, Kitano H, Matsuoka M. 2002. Green revolution: Amutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice. Nature, 416, 701–702.Shani E, Weinstain R, Zhang Y, Castillejo C, Kaiserli E, Chory J, Tsien R Y, Estelle M. 2013. Gibberellins accumulate in the elongating endodermal cells of Arabidopsis root. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110, 4834–4839.Shao W J, Shen J H, Zhang Z J, Li W H, Yang J C, Zhu Q S. 2004. Effects of seed bed fertilizing on quality and flexibility of rice seedlings nursed with two-layer plastic film for mechanical transplanting. Journal of Yangzhou University (Agricultural and Life Science Edition), 2, 22–27. (in Chinese)Shao X W. 2013. The application of mushroom residue as a seedling substrate in rice. MSc thesis, Nanjing Agricultural University, China. (in Chinese)Shen J H, Shao W J, Zhang Z J, Yang J C, Cao W X, Zhu Q S. 2004. Effects of sowing density on quality of medium-seedling nursed with two-layer plastic film and grain yield in mechanical transplanting rice. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 8, 1460–1470. (in Chinese)Song P H, Fang Y F, Wang X Y, Pang L D, Dai J J. 2015. Effect of different organic materials substrate on rice seedling growth and nutrients accumulation. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China, 2, 98–102. (in Chinese)Song P H, Quan M S, Wang X Y, Zhang K, Dai J J. 2014. Rice substrate water holding capacity of different organic materials and its effect on seedling quality. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 30, 217–221. (in Chinese)Song Y S, Zhang H C, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Wei H Y, Zhu C C, Sun Z, Yang D L, Wang W Q, Liu J, Wu A G. 2013. Seedling quality regulation of rice potted-seedling in mechanical transplanting. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 29, 11–22. (in Chinese)Sun R Y, Wu W G, Chen G, Xu Y Z, Zhou Y J. 2014. Effects of different seedling raising methods on seedling quality and yield traits of mechanical transplanted rice. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Science, 42, 1024–1026. (in Chinese)Swaminathan M S. 2007. Can science and technology feed the world in 2025? Field Crop Research, 104, 3–9.Tasaka K. 1999. Raising and transplanting technology for long mat with hydroponically grown rice seedlings. Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly, 33, 31–37.Tasaka K, Ogura A, Karahashi M. 1996. Development of hydroponic raising and transplanting technology for Mat type rice seedlings (Part 1): Raising test of seedlings. Journal of the Japanese Society of Agricultural Machinery, 58, 89–99.Tasaka K, Ogura A, Karahashi M, Niiyama H, Namoto M, Kaneko T. 1997. Development of hydroponic raising and transplanting technology for Mat type tice seedlings (Part 2): Development and field rest of rice rransplanters for long Mat type hydroponic rice seedlings. Journal of the Japanese Society of Agricultural Machinery, 59, 87–98.Tuteja N. 2007. Abscisic acid and abiotic stress signaling. Plant Signaling and Behavior, 3, 135–138.Ubeda-Tomás S, Federici F, Casimiro I, Beemster G T, Bhalerao R, Swarup R, Doerner P, Haseloff J, Bennett M J. 2009. Gibberellin signaling in the endodermis controls Arabidopsis root meristem size. Current Biology, 19, 1194–1199.Wang Y, Tasaka K, Ogura A, 1999. Growth and physiological characteristics of rice seedlings raised with long mat by hydroponics. Comparison with young seedlings raised in soil. Plant Production Science, 2, 115–120.Yang D L, Yang Y N, He Z H. 2013. Roles of plant hormones and their interplay in rice immunity. Molecular Plant, 6, 675–685.Yu L H, Ding Y F, Xue Y F, Ling Q H, Yuan Z H. 2006. Factors affecting rice seedling quality of mechanical transplanting rice. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 22, 73–78. (in Chinese)Zhang H C, Zhu C C, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Jiang X M, Chen H C, Gao S Q, Li D J, Zhao C M, Gen D Q, Wei H Y, Guo B W. 2013. Advantages of yield formation and main characteristics of physiological and ecological in rice with nutrition bowl mechanical transplanting. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 29, 50–59. (in Chinese)Zhang N, Xie Y D, Guo H J, Zhao L S, Xiong H C, Gu J Y, Li J H, Kong FQ, Sui L, Zhao Z W, Zhao S R, Liu L X. 2016. Gibberellins regulate the stem elongation rate without affecting the mature plant height of a quick development mutant of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 107, 228–236.Zhang Z J, Wang J, Lang Y Z, Yu L H, Xue Y F, Zhu Q S. 2008. Growing characteristics of rice seedlings of over-optimum age for mechanical transplanting. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 34, 297−304. (in Chinese)Zou Q. 2000. The Experimental Guidance of Plant Physiology. China Agriculture Press, Beijing. p. 102. |
| No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
