Please wait a minute...
Journal of Integrative Agriculture  2017, Vol. 16 Issue (06): 1294-1303    DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61459-4
Crop Genetics · Breeding · Germplasm Resources Advanced Online Publication | Current Issue | Archive | Adv Search |
The allelic distribution and variation analysis of the NAM-B1 gene in Chinese wheat cultivars
CHEN Xue-yan1, 2*, SONG Guo-qi2*, ZHANG Shu-juan2, LI Yu-lian2, GAO Jie2, Islam Shahidul3, 4, MA Wu-jun3, 4, LI Gen-ying2, JI Wan-quan1

1 College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P.R.China

2 Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology & Genetic Improvement on North Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat & Maize, Jinan 250100, P.R.China

3 Australia-China Centre for Wheat Improvement, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth WA 6150, Australia

4 Australia Export Grains Innovation Centre, 3 Baron-Hay Court, Perth WA 6151, Australia

Download:  PDF in ScienceDirect  
Export:  BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)      
Abstract  The NAM-B1 gene is a member of the NAC (NAM, ATAF, and CUC) transcription factor family and plays an important role in regulating wheat grain protein content (GPC).  The ancestral NAM-B1 allele has been discovered in many tetraploid wild emmer (Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides) accessions and few domesticated emmer accessions (T. turgidum ssp. dicoccum), however, it is rarely found in hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).  There are no systematic reports on the distribution of NAM-B1 alleles in Chinese wheat cultivars.  In this study, the NAM-B1 alleles in 218 Chinese cultivars were investigated.  The cultivars were collected from five major wheat regions (12 provinces), covering most of the winter wheat growing regions in China.  The results showed that the NAM-B1 gene is present in 53 (24.3%) cultivars and absent in the remaining 165 (75.7%) cultivars.  Further analysis revealed that in contrast to the wild-type allele, the NAM-B1 gene in Chinese wheat cultivars contained a 1-bp insertion in the coding region.  This caused a frame-shift mutation and introduced a stop codon in the middle of the gene, rendering it non-functional.  Polymorphisms were detected in DNA sequences of 21 cultivars among these 53 cultivars.  However, cDNA sequence analysis suggested that these variations in the exon region were not able to restore NAM-B1 gene (1-bp insertion) function.  Thus, exploring the distribution of NAM-B1 gene variations (1-bp insertion and deletion) can provide some information for improving the quality of winter wheat in China and other countries.
Accepted:
Fund: 

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Founding of China (31401378), the Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China (2014CXZ10), the Science & Technology Development Plan of Shandong Province, China (2014GSF121001), the Youth Foundation of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China (2014QNZ02), and the Program for Youth Talent of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China (118005).

Corresponding Authors:  LI Gen-ying, Tel: +86-531-83178122, E-mail: lgy111@126.com; JI Wan-quan, Tel: +86-29-87081319, E-mail: jiwanquan2003@126.com    
About author:  CHEN Xue-yan, E-mail: CHXYTVS@163.com; SONG Guo-qi, E-mail: song_guoqi@126.com

Cite this article: 

CHEN Xue-yan, SONG Guo-qi, ZHANG Shu-juan, LI Yu-lian, GAO Jie, Islam Shahidul, MA Wu-jun, LI Gen-ying, JI Wan-quan. 2017. The allelic distribution and variation analysis of the NAM-B1 gene in Chinese wheat cultivars. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 16(06): 1294-1303.

Aida M, Tasaka M. 2006. Genetic control of shoot organ boundaries. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 9, 72–77.
Asplund L, Hagenblad J, Leino M W. 2010. Re-evaluating the history of the wheat domestication gene NAM-B1 using historical plant material. Journal of Archaeological Science, 37, 2303–2307.
Avivi L. 1978. High grain protein content in wild tetraploid wheat Triticum dicoccoides Korn. In: Proceedings of the 5th Interenational Wheat Genetic Sympsia. New Delhi,  India. pp. 372–380.
Avni R, Zhao R, Pearce S, Jun Y, Uauy C, Tabbita F, Fahima T, Slade A, Dubcovsky J, Distelfeld A. 2014. Functional characterization of GPC-1 genes in hexaploid wheat. Planta, 239, 313–324.
Blanco A, De Giovanni C, Laddomada B, Sciancalepore A, Simeone R, Devos K M, Gale M D. 1996. Quantitative trait loci influencing grain protein content in tetraploid wheats. Plant Breeding, 115, 310–316.
Brevis J C, Dubcovsky J. 2010. Effects of the chromosome region including the Gpc-B1 locus on wheat grain and protein yield. Crop Science, 50, 93–104.
Brevis J C, Morris C F, Manthey F, Dubcovsky J. 2010. Effect of the grain protein content locus Gpc-B1 on bread and pasta quality. Journal of Cereal Science, 51, 357–365.
Cakmak I, Torun A, Millet E, Feldman M, Fahima T, Korol A, Nevo E, Braun H J, Ozkan H. 2004. Triticum dicoccoides, an important genetic resource for increasing zinc and iron concentration in modern cultivated wheat. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 50, 1047–1054.
Cantrell R G, Joppa L R . 1991. Genetic analysis of quantitative traits in wild emmer (Triticum turgidum L. var. dicoccoides). Crop Science, 31, 645–649.
Chee P W, Elias E M, Anderson J A, Kianian S F. 2001. Evaluation of a high grain protein QTL from Triticum turgidum L. var. dicoccoides in an adapted durum wheat background. Crop Science, 41, 295–301.
Clark S E, Jacobsen S E, Levin J Z, Meyerowitz E M. 1996. The clavata and shoot meristemless loci competitively regulate meristem activity in Arabidopsis. Development, 122, 1567–1575.
Cox M C, Qualset C O, Rains D W. 1986. Genetic variation for nitrogen assimilation and translocation in wheat. III. Nitrogen translocation in relation to grain yield and protein. Crop Science, 26, 737–740.
Distelfeld A, Cakmak I, Peleg Z, Ozturk L, Yazici A M, Budak H. 2007. Multiple QTL-effects of wheat Gpc-B1 locus on grain protein and micronutrient concentrations. Physiologia Plantarum, 129, 635–643.
Distelfeld A, Pearce S P, Avni R, Scherer B, Uauy C, Piston F, Slade A, Zhao R, Dubcovsky J. 2012. Divergent functions of orthologous NAC transcription factors in wheat and rice. Plant Molecular Biology, 78, 515–524.
Dubcovsky J, Dvorak J. 2007. Genome plasticity a key factor in the success of polyploid wheat under domestication. Science, 316, 1862–1866.
Dvorak J, Deal K R, Luo M C, You F M, Von B K, Dehghani H. 2012. The origin of spelt and free-threshing hexaploid wheat. Journal of Heredity, 103, 426–441.
Gerechter-Amitai Z K, Grama A. 1977. Use of alien genes in wheat breeding. Annual Wheat Newsletter, 23, 57–58.
Guo Y, Gan S. 2006. AtNAP, a NAC family transcription factor, has an important role in leaf senescence. The Plant Journal, 46, 601–612.
Hagenblad J, Asplund L, Balfourier F, Ravel C, Leino M W. 2012. Strong presence of the high grain protein content allele of nam-b1 in fennoscandian wheat. Theoretical & Applied Genetics, 125, 1677–1686.
Hu X G, Wu B H, Liu D C, Wei Y M, Gao S B, Zheng Y L. 2012a. Variation and their relationship of NAM-G1 gene and grain protein content in Triticum timopheevii Zhuk. Journal of Plant Physiology, 170, 330–337.
Hu X G, Wu B H, Ya Z H. 2012b. Characteristics and polymorphism of NAM gene from Aegilops section Sitopsis  species. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 7, 5252–5258.
Jamar C, Loffet F, Frettinger P, Ramsay L, Fauconnier M L, Jardin P D. 2010. NAM-1 gene polymorphism and grain protein content in Hordeum. Journal of Plant Physiology, 167, 497–501.
Joppa L R, Cantrell R G.1990. Chromosomal location of genes for grain protein content of wild tetraploid wheat. Crop Science, 30, 1059–1064.
Joppa L R, Du C H, Hart G E, Hareland G A, Du C H. 1997. Mapping gene(s) for grain protein in tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum L). using a population of recombinant inbred chromosome lines. Crop Science, 37, 1586–1589.
Kade M A, Barneix A J, Olmos S, Dubcovsky J. 2005. Nitrogen uptake and remobilization in tetraploid ‘langdon’ durum wheat and a recombinant substitution line with the high grain protein gene Gpc-B1. Plant Breeding, 124, 343–349.
Lawlor D W. 2002. Carbon and nitrogen assimilation in relation to yield: Mechanisms are the key to understanding production systems. Journal of Experimental Botany, 53, 773–787.
Levy A A, Feldman M. 1987. Increase in grain protein percentage in high-yielding common wheat breeding lines by genes from wild tetraploid wheat. Euphytica, 36, 353–359.
Levy A A, Feldman M. 1989. Location of genes for high grain protein percentage and other quantitative traits in wild wheat Triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides. Euphytica, 41, 113–122.
Liu J Y. 2015. Evaluation and breeding utilization of wild emmer as the germplasm resources of wheat. MSc thesis, Northwest A&F University. (in Chinese)
Mae T. 2004. Leaf senescence and nitrogen metabolism. In: Noodén L D, ed., Plant Cell Death Processes. Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego, CA. pp. 157–168.
Masclaux-Daubresse C, Reisdorf-Cren M, Orsel M. 2008. Leaf nitrogen remobilisation for plant development and grain filling. Plant Biology, 10, 23–36.
Mesfin A, Frohberg R C, Anderson J A. 1999. RFLP markers associated with high grain protein from Triticum turgidum L. var. dicoccoides introgressed into hard red spring wheat. Crop Science, 39, 508–513.
Mitsuda N, Iwase A, Yamamoto H, Yoshida M, Seki M, Shinozaki K. 2007. NAC transcription factors, NST1 and NST3, are key regulators of the formation of secondary walls in woody tissues of arabidopsis. The Plant Cell, 19, 270–280.
Nevo E, Grama A, Beiles A, Golenberg E M. 1986. Resources of high-protein genotypes in wild wheat, Triticum dicoccoides in israel, predictive method by ecology and allozyme markers. Genetica, 68, 215–227.
Nevo E, Korol A B, Beiles A, Fahima T. 2003. Evolution of wild emmer and wheat improvement. Heredity, 91, 2–2.
Olmos S, Distelfeld A, Chicaiza O, Schlatter A R, Fahima T, Echenique V. 2003. Precise mapping of a locus affecting grain protein content in durum wheat. Theoretical & Applied Genetics, 107, 1243–1251.
Olsen A N, Ernst H A, Leggio L L, Skriver K. 2005. NAC transcription factors,structurally distinct, functionally diverse. Trends in Plant Science, 10, 79–87.
Peleg Z, Saranga Y, Krugman T, Abbo S, Nevo E, Fahima T. 2008. Allelic diversity associated with aridity gradient in wild emmer wheat populations. Plant, Cell and Environment, 31, 39–49.
Prasad M, Varshney R K, Kumar A, Balyan H S, Sharma P C, Edwards K J, Gupta P K. 1999. A microsatellite marker associated with a QTL for grain protein content on chromosome arm 2DL of bread wheat. Theoretical & Applied Genetics, 99, 341–345.
She M, Ye X, Yan Y, Howit C, Bellgard M, Ma W. 2011. Gene networks in the synthesis and deposition of protein polymers during grain development of wheat. Functional & Integrative Genomics, 11, 23–35.
Simmonds N W. 1995. The relation between yield and protein in cereal grain. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 67, 309–315.
Sourdille P, Perretant M R, Charmet G, Cadalen T, Tixier M H, Joudrier P. 1999. Detection of QTL for bread-making quality in wheat using molecular markers. In: Genetics and Breeding for Crop Quality and Resistance. Springer, Netherlands.
Stein I S, Sears R G, Gill B S, Hoseney R C, Cox T S. 1992a. Heterogeneity of the ‘Wichita’ wheat monosomic set for grain quality and agronomic traits. Crop Science, 32, 581–584.
Stein I S, Sears R G, Hoseney R C, Cox T S, Gill B S. 1992b. Chromosomal location of genes influencing grain protein concentration and mixogram properties in ‘Plainsman V’ winter wheat. Crop Science, 32, 573–580.
Triboi E, Triboi-Blondel A M. 2002. Productivity and grain or seed composition, a new approach to an old problem-invited paper. European Journal of Agronomy, 16, 163–186.
Uauy C, Brevis J C, Dubcovsky J. 2006a. The high grain protein content gene Gpc-B1 accelerates senescence and has pleiotropic effects on protein content in wheat. Journal of Experimental Botany, 57, 2785–2794.
Uauy C, Distelfeld A, Fahima T, Blechl A, Dubcovsky J. 2006b. A NAC gene regulating senescence improves grain protein, zinc, and iron content in wheat. Science, 3, 1298–1301.
Waters B M, Uauy C, Dubcovsky J, Grusak M A. 2009. Wheat (Triticum aestivum) NAM proteins regulate the translocation of iron, zinc, and nitrogen compounds from vegetative tissues to grain. Journal of Experimental Botany, 60, 4263–4274.
Zanetti S, Winzeler M, Feulillet C, Keller B, Messmer M. 2001. Genetic analysis of bread-making quality in wheat and spelt. Plant Breeding, 120, 13–19.
Zhong R, Richardson E A, Ye Z H. 2007. Two NAC domain transcription factors, SND1 and NST1, function redundantly in regulation of secondary wall synthesis in fibers of Arabidopsis. Planta, 225, 1603–1611.
No related articles found!
No Suggested Reading articles found!