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Journal of Integrative Agriculture  2015, Vol. 14 Issue (3): 534-543    DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(14)60829-7
Section 2: Fungi, enzymes and new developments in direct-fed microbials Advanced Online Publication | Current Issue | Archive | Adv Search |
Biological treatments as a mean to improve feed utilization in agriculture animals-An overview
 Nahla A Abdel-Aziz, Abdelfattah Z M Salem, Mounir M El-Adawy, Luis M Camacho, Ahmed EKholif, Mona M Y Elghandour, Borhami E Borhami
1、Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria P.O. 21545, Egypt
2、Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Toluca P.O. 50000, Mexico
3、Faculty of Veterinary and Livestock, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Altamirano P.O. 40660, Mexico
4、Dairy Science Department, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth st. Dokki, Giza P.O. 12311, Egypt
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摘要  As a result of agriculture practices, million tons of agriculture are produced as a secondary or by-products; however, with low nutritive values. Many methods are applied to improve the nutritive value and increase its utilization in ruminant’s nutrition. The biological treatments are the most common with more safe-treated products. In most cases, the biological treatments are paralleled with decreased crude fiber and fiber fractions content with increased crude protein content. Direct-fed microbial and exogenous enzymes to animal are other ways of biological methods for improving nutritive value of feeds. Here in this review, we will try to cover the biological treatments of by-products from different sides view with different types of animals and different animal end-products.

Abstract  As a result of agriculture practices, million tons of agriculture are produced as a secondary or by-products; however, with low nutritive values. Many methods are applied to improve the nutritive value and increase its utilization in ruminant’s nutrition. The biological treatments are the most common with more safe-treated products. In most cases, the biological treatments are paralleled with decreased crude fiber and fiber fractions content with increased crude protein content. Direct-fed microbial and exogenous enzymes to animal are other ways of biological methods for improving nutritive value of feeds. Here in this review, we will try to cover the biological treatments of by-products from different sides view with different types of animals and different animal end-products.
Keywords:  biological treatment       by-products       nutrition       nutritive values  
Received: 03 September 2013   Accepted:
Corresponding Authors:  Abdelfattah Z M Salem, Tel: +52-722-2965542,Fax: +52-722-1806194, E-mail: asalem70@yahoo.com     E-mail:  asalem70@yahoo.com

Cite this article: 

Nahla A Abdel-Aziz, Abdelfattah Z M Salem, Mounir M El-Adawy, Luis M Camacho, Ahmed EKholif, Mona M Y Elghandour, Borhami E Borhami. 2015. Biological treatments as a mean to improve feed utilization in agriculture animals-An overview. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 14(3): 534-543.

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